Humans ; Olfaction Disorders ; genetics ; Smell ; genetics

Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Olfaction Disorders ; congenital ; genetics

MRI scanning is an important technique to evaluate the olfactory system, special scanning parameters could reveal the fine structures of the olfactory pathway. Olfactory cleft, olfactory bulb/tract, olfactory sulcus and olfactory center are the main targets of the scanning. Chronic rhino-sinusitis, head trauma, congenital dysplasia and neural degenerative diseases are the primary causes of the olfactory dysfunction and have particular imaging presentations respectively. Besides indicating the olfactory pathway lesions, MRI could also present the etiology and the prognosis of the olfactory disorder.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Olfaction Disorders ; diagnosis ; Olfactory Bulb ; Olfactory Pathways

Objective:To observe the reliability and clinical implement of flexible ureteroscope combined with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy to treat the kidney stones with a diameter of more than 2cm. Methods:The diagnosed 80 cases of kidney stones (all with a diameter of more than 2cm) patients in our hospital were chosen, randomly divided into two groups, URL group and PCNL group,each of them with 40 cases. Surgical curative effect, operation time, postoperative complications, hospitalization days and the change of NGAL levels and the change of urine levels Kim-1 preoperative and postoperative blood 3 days of two groups were observed and compared. Results: Comparing with the PCNL group, the surgical curative effect, operation time and postoperative complications of the URL group have no significant difference, but the hospitalization days between are significantly different(t=8.433, P<0.05);In terms of NGAL, Kim-1, the postoperative 1d of PCNL group is significantly higher than preoperative, NGAL postoperative 1d of URL group is significantly higher than preoperative (t=3.319, P<0.05). Conclusion:It was reliable that flexible ureteroscope combined with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy to treat the kidney stones with a diameter of more than 2cm, lower complication rate, worthy of clinical.

Objective To exploer the function and underlying mechanism of Lunasin on sports articular cartilage injury.Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and model group;after injection molding for 3 times, the model rats were feed for 28 days.Then the model rats were divided into sham model group, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mmol/L Lunasin treatment group respectively.After treatment, ELISA was used to analyze the production of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MMP-6 and MMP-8.SOD activity and iNOS were evaluated by their ELISA kit.Western blot was used to detect the expression of NRF2, Keap1, LC-3Ⅱ, Bax, Beclin1, p-AMPK, AMPK.Results Compared with control, the dose of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MMP-6 and MMP-8 in serum of model rats were significantly increased (P<0.05), however, after treatment with Lunasin for 1 month, these inflammatory factors were obviously reduced then that of model rats (P<0.05);Furthermore Lunasin treatment obvi-ously increased SOD activity,up-regulated NRF2 expression and down-regulated the generation of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (P<0.05);Additionally, Lunasin can raise the expression of autophagy-related protein(beclin1 and LC-3Ⅱ), reduce the expression of apoptosis protein (Bax) in damaged articular cartilage.ConclusionsLunasin benefits the repair of damaged joints by reducing the production of inflammatory mediators, activating of oxidative stress system and autophagy pathway.

Objective To study the practicality and repeatability of B-mode ultrasonography on diagnosis and score of carotid atherosclerosis. Methods Ninety-nine B-mode ultrasonography pictures of carotid atherosclerosis were obtained from field investigation. According to the established standard(normal scored as 0, other scored as 1 - 7 by the severity), the 99 pictures were diagnosed and scored once together by three trained inexperienced members of the research team. Ten days later, these pictures were diagnosed and scored respectively, by the three members.The diagnostic results were analyzed with statistical methods to test the feasibility and repeatability of this set of diagnostic and scoring system. Results The joint diagnostic results by the three group members were regard as standard with scores 0 in 27 cases, 1 in 27 cases, 2 in 10 cases, 3 in 4 cases, 4 in 13 cases, 5 in 8 cases, 6 in 6 cases, and 7 in 4 cases. Independent diagnostic results by member A was 0 in 29 cases, 1 in 24 cases, 2 in 11 cases, 3 in 2 cases, 4 in 12 cases, 5 in 11 cases, 6 in 6 cases, and 7 in 4 cases. Independent diagnostic results by member B was 0 in 29 cases, 1 in 22 cases, 2 in 14 cases, 3 in 4 cases, 4 in 13 cases, 5 in 5 cases, 6 in 8 cases, and 7 in 4 cases. Independent diagnostic results by member C was 0 in 28 cases, 1 in 25 cases, 2 in 8 cases, 3 in 5 cases, 4 in 14 cases, 5 in 10 cases, 6 in 4 cases, and 7 in 5 cases. Comparison of the 4 diagnostic scores, the difference was not statistically significant(F = 0.019, P ＞ 0.05). Joint diagnostic results of the three members were compared with the standard and correlation coefficient were 0.977,0.987,0.932, respectively(all P ＜ 0.01 ). The correlation coefficient of diagnostic results of each member were 0.969,0.935,0.928, respectively (all P ＜0.01 ). Diagnostic results of each member were consistent with the standard and the compliance rate were 88.9% (88/99) ,90.9%(90/99) and 86.9%(86/99), respectively. Conclusions B-mode ultrasonography is a non-injure method for diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis in epidemiology investigation. The method is easy to grasp and has a good repeatability.

Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; metabolism ; Wnt Proteins ; metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway

Objective: To assess the values of conventional vascular ultrasound (US) and superb micro vascular imaging (SMI) for diagnosing carotid artery stenosis in relevant patients. Methods: A total of 37 patients of extra cranial carotid stenosis (with 70 blood vessels) treated in our hospital from 2014-08 to 2015-03 were retrospectively studied. Digital subtraction angiography (DAS) examination was used as golden standard, the diagnostic efifcacies for carotid artery stenosis by US and by SMI were compared. Results: The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing carotid stenosis by US were 81.42%, 83.33% and 80.95%; by SMI were 91.43%, 92.16% and 89.47% respectively. Conclusion: US and SMI showed good agreement for diagnosing carotid artery stenosis, while SMI was superior to US for accurately assess the degree of carotid stenosis, it might be used as a more reliable method for evaluating carotid plaque and stenosis in relevant patients.

Kallistatin (Kal) is a negative acute phase endogenous protein which can inhibit tumor angiogenesis, growth and metastasis effectively. To express and purify recombinant human kallistatin (rHKal), and characterize its biological activity, P. pastoris was transformed with pPIC9-Kal/GS115 (His4) to express rHKal. The fermentation was carried out in a 7.5 L bioreactor with high density cell culture. 1%-2% methanol was added to the medium to induce the expression of rHKal. The secretion was purified with phenyl sepharose, G-25 sepharose, heparin sepharose and Sephacryl S-100 chromatography. The biological activity of purified bulk rHKal on HUVEC was evaluated with MTT and tube formation assays. The final expression of rHKal in the supernatant reached 50 mg x L(-1), the purity of bulk rHKal after purification was above 98%. A dose-dependent inhibition of rHKal on HUVEC proliferation was observed, however, a U-shaped dose-response curve of rHKal on capillary formation of HUVEC was revealed. The described protocol provides an effective means for preparing rHKal that could be used for anti-angiogenesis therapy in the future.

To explore the effective components represented by fingerprint contributed to allelopathic effect of different Salvia miltiorrhiza aqueous concentration on seeds and seedlings of radish, grey relational analysis was used to establish the chromatography-efficacy relation. The results show that 15 peaks devote high allelopathic contribution to radish seeds and seedlings. The study will provide a new concept for allelochemicals screening and study.
Allelopathy ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Pheromones ; analysis ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Raphanus ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; metabolism