Objective To discribe the epidemiological features of injury among the urban elderly in Tongzhou district in Beijing.Methods A random cluster sampling was used to collect information from two neighborhood committees in Tongzhou, the Xi-ying neighborhood committee and the Shang-ying neighborhood committee.The all elderly above 60 yrs in these two neighborhood committees were investigated by home or by collective survey.Results The overall prevalence rate of injury was 7.8%,and 5.7%for male and 10.3%for female(x~2=5.190,P

Objective To examine among preschool children the validity, reliability and sensitivity of a new assessment tool of Mandarin sentence recognition in babble noise, consisting of twenty-seven equivalent lists, as well as to investigate the effect of age and gender on children's speech recognition. Methods Fifty-four normalhearing children aged 4 to 6 years were recruited from Beijing and were divided into three age groups (4～, 4.5～,and 5.0～6.0 years) containing 18 children each, half boys and half girls. According to randomized split-plot design, we examined their speech recognition ability with 27 sentence-in-babble-noise lists in a sound-treated booth in a kindergarten (ambient noise ＜40 dB). The sentences were presented at fixed intensity of 65 dB SPL, paired with competing babble noise at three different signal to noise ratios (SNR= +1, -2, -5 dB) by the same loudspeaker with 0° azimuth. Speech recognition score were calculated based on the children's repetition of keySNR functions exhibited that the threshold was -1.96±0. 19 dB SNR and the slope was 15.8%±1.1%/dB for of variance and Post- Hoc Scheffe test indicated that significant differences in performance were most pronounced between the 4～ year group and the other two groups (P＜0.001), while there was no significant difference between 4.5～ year group and 5.0～6. 0 year group (P=0. 90). The girls' performance was also significantly better than boys' (P＜0. 001). Conclusion The 27 lists of Mandarin speech recognition in babble noise were equivalent among children, and the sensitivity of performance versus SNR was 15.8%/dB. Both of them were below the adult averchildren aged 4.5～ up years. Even though the performance differed between boys and girls, the difference was relatively small compared to 24.6%, the critical difference as the reliability indicator.

Objective To analyze the correlation between 18F-FDG SUV and immunohistochemical index including GLUT1, Ki-67, MVD, survivin and cyclinA in non-snall-cell lung cancer. Methods Thirty-three patients with NSCLC underwent preoperative PET/CT examination and surgical operation. All patients were divided into two groups according to the size of tumor (cutoff=3 cm), metastasis of mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes or not, and histological types of the cancer, respectively. The expression of GLUT1, Ki-67, MVD, survivin and cyclinA were estimated with SP immunohistochemical technique, and were analyzed statistically to reveal the correlation to FDG SUV. Results The rate of positive expression of GLUT1, Ki-67 and CD34 were 66.67%, 72.73% and 100%, respectively. The mean value of CD34 in all 33 patients was 12.6±2.9 (12-56). The rate of positive expression of survivin was 84.85%, and the corresponding data of cyclinA was 27.27%. Conclusion There is linear correlation between FDG PET SUV and GLUT1, but not between FDG PET SUV and Ki-67, MVD, survivin and cyclinA. The expressions of GLUT1, Ki-67, MVD, survivin and cyclinA are not related with the size of tumor, nor metastasis of lymph nodes. The expression of GLUT1 and Ki-67 is related with histological types of the cancer, but not with MVD, survivin and cyclinA.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the regulation of Cha Gan Beng Ga on the activity of biomarker PGC-1α in vivo and in vitro, and lay the foundation for studying the efficacy result of Cha Gan Beng Ga on xenograft tumor model and extracting active constituents.

METHOD(1) The coarse powder of Cha Gan Beng Ga was extracted with 70% ethanol solution through heating and refluxing, and finally was used to freeze dry powder. (2) 50 mg x kg(-1) of freeze-dried power was orally administrated to KM and C57BL/6J mice once daily, lasting for 5 consecutive days; different concentrations of extracted materials was given to non-small cell lung cells A549. (3) The expression level of PGC-1α mRNA was quantitatively determined in lung tissue of mice and non-small cell lung cells A549.

RESULTThe expression levels of PGC-1α in lung tissue of different mice strains had an increasing tendency. Furthermore, the expression levels of PGC-1α in non-small cell lung cells A549 also had an increasing tendency, showing dose and time-dependent relationships.

CONCLUSIONMongolian Medicine Cha Gan Beng Ga could induce the over-expression of PGC-1α mRNA in lung tissue of mice and in non-small cell lung cells A549. The present results will lay foundation for studying the efficacy result of antitumor and active constitutes in future.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Animals ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

By applying Inquiries Management System for medical high-value consumables,we can rapidly and conveniently inquiry the specific name of one product,specification,price,supply channels,manufacturers and related products,doctor's name,patient's name,operation time etc,and protect the legitimate right and interests of both doctors and patients. Meanwhile,exoteric management helps to lay a good foundation for prevention of commercial bribery.

This study aims to investigate the virological impact of the stalk region and cysteine (C) in neuraminidase (NA) of influenza A/Anhui/1/05 (H5N1) and A/Ohio/07/2009 (H1N1) viruses. The NA of A/ Anhui/1/05 (H5N1), defined as AH N1, lacked 20 amino acids (including C, defined as s20) as compared with NA of A/Ohio/07/2009 (H1N1) (defined as 09N1). We deleted s20 of 09N1 to construct 09N1-s20, and inserted s20 into AH N1 to construct AH N1+s20. To investigate the impact of C on the biological function of NA, we deleted C in 09N1 to construct 09N1-C and inserted C into AH N1 to construct AH N1-C. The pseudo-type viral particle (pp) system was used to evaluate the impact of these mutants on virology. The combination of 09N1-C and 09H1 (defined as 09H1::09N1-C) showed an infectivity 8 times that of the wild type 09H1::09N1, while the infectivity of the combination of AH N1+C and AH H5 (defined as AH H5::AH N1+C) was much lower than that of the wild type AH H5::AH N1. The infectivity of the combination of 09N1-s20 and 09H1 (defined as 09H1::09N1-s20) was 4 times that of the wild type 09H1::09N1; the infectivity of the combination of AH N1+s20 and AH H5 (defined as AH H5:: AH N1+s20) was 1/7 that of the wild type AH H5::AH N1. The co-existence of 09N1-C and AH H5 displayed 6 times the infectivity of AH H5::09N1, while the infectivity of 09H1::AH N1+C was very low. Multimer analysis showed that in the wild type 09N1, the forms of NA were dimer > tetramer > monomer; the major component of NA in 09N1-C was monomer; in 09N1-s20, the forms of NA were monomer > dimer. AH N1 was mainly composed of monomer; in AH N1+s20, the forms of NA were dimer > monomer > tetramer; in AH N1+C, the forms of NA were dimer > tetramer. Deletion of C or s20 from 09N1 did not change the expression of NA. The study suggested that deletion of C from the stalk region of NA in A/Ohio/07/2009 (H1N1) increases infectivity. Insertion of C into NA's stalk region of A/ Anhui/1/05 (H5N1) significantly decreases infectivity. Cysteine deletion in the stalk region is important for the infectivity of A/Anhui/1/05 (H5N1) and A/Ohio/07/2009 (H1N1). It may interfere with the infectivity via changes in NA polymerization.
Amino Acid Motifs ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; chemistry ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; chemistry ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Influenza, Human ; virology ; Neuraminidase ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Virulence

Objective To identify the differential serum proteins in patients with hepatic injury resulting from coal-burning type of arsenism. Methods Six serum samples were collected from patients with liver injury resulting from coal-burning type of arsenism and healthy subjects(control gruop) in endemic arsenism area. Twodimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE) was performed to separate serum proteins, after silver staining, the differential expression of proteins were analyzed and then identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS). Results The 2-DE map of serum protein patterns of patients and normal control were established successfully. The results showed that there were an average of (824 ± 31 ) spots and (782 ± 42) spots on 2-DE matching of the patients and control groups and the matching rate was 94.9%(782/824). From these two groups 49 differential protein spots were identified, of which over 3 times the difference in the expression of 30 protein spots were singled out and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis was carried out. Ten proteins were identified. Upregulated expression was observed in alpha-2-macroglobulin, B-cell receptor-associated protein, keratin 1,apolipoprotein A-I, and down-regulated expression was observed in haptoglobin, α2-heremans-schimid-glycoprotein,mitogen-activated protein kinase 4, zinc finger protein 323, ZAP-70 and SP40 in the patient group. Conclusions The well-resolved and reproducible 2-DE serum patterns of patients are established and some differentially expressed proteins are characterized. Whether these proteins of differential expression are serum markers for liver injury resulting from coal-burning type of arsenism need to be further verified.

OBJECTIVETo develop a method to rapidly quantitate and detect deletion of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) by microarray technique as a tool to study its relationship to tumorigenesis.

METHODSA modified PCR was used to amplify full length mtDNA sequence in two samples of normal human blood leukocytes and five samples of gastric cancerous tissues, which were simultaneously labeled with fluorescin. The amplified products were verified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver staining. Then, 17 pairs of overlapping primers of mtDNA were designed and their PCR products were used as mitochondrial probes. They were spotted onto amino-slides as microarray and hybridized. Hybridization image was scanned with GeneTAC laser, mtDNA copy number was counted by ScanAnalyzer software.

RESULTSPAGE analysis showed that the designed probes were quite reasonable and strongly specific. The modified PCR method was efficient to amplify the whole mitochondrial genome with high-yield specific bands. The hybridizing spots were distinct, and background was clear. The signals of negative probes were close to those of background, and there was no significant difference between them (P > 0.05). The results were identical to those in the designed experiment. There were no significant differences between the results when the same sample of blood leucocytes or cancer tissues repeatedly examined with the same positive probes (P > 0.05), while there were significant differences when different types of samples were examined (P < 0.01). The hybridizing signals were stable and most of the data distributed in the range of mean +/- 2xSD.

CONCLUSIONThe method here reported can rapidly, correctly and massively determine whether there exist special deletion and/or quantitative changes of mtDNA in patients with tumors. It will be helpful for the study of the relationship between mtDNA alteration and tumor development.

DNA, Mitochondrial ; analysis ; genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of unilateral versus bilateral pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spinal fusion.

METHODSStudies on comparison between unilateral and bilateral pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spinal fusion were identified from Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL (Third Quarter 2011), ScienceDirect, OVID, SpringerLink and The China Biological Medicine Database, and searched several related journals by hand. The included trials were screened out according to the criterion of inclusion and exclusion. The quality of included trials was evaluated. Data were extracted by two reviewers independently. RevMan 5.1.1 was used for data analysis.

RESULTSSeven studies involving 480 patients were included, 246 in unilateral group, and 234 in bilateral group. The results of meta-analysis indicated that statistically significant difference were observed between the two fixation procedures in mean operation time (MD = -24.39, 95%CI: -33.16 to 15.61, P < 0.01), the amount of bleeding (MD = -118.73, 95%CI: -143.43 to -94.03, P < 0.01). There were no difference in inpatient stay, fusion rate, complication rate and excellent and good rate.

CONCLUSIONSBoth unilateral and bilateral pedicle screw fixation are effective in lumbar spinal fusion. To compare with bilateral fixation, unilateral fixation can shorten operation time, reduce amount of bleeding and medical expenses. And there is a similar effect of inpatient stay, fusion rate, complication rate and excellent and good rate.

Bone Screws ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

The aneurysms at the initial segment of splenic artery are rare. This paper aimed to investigate the methods to treat the true aneurysm at the initial segment of splenic artery by aneurysmectomy plus vascular reconstruction. Retrospectively reviewed were 11 cases of true aneurysm at the initial segment of splenic artery who were treated in our hospital from January 2000 to June 2013. All cases were diagnosed by color ultrasonography, computer tomography (CT) and angiography. Upon resection of the aneurysm, the auto-vein transplantation was performed in situ between the hepatic artery and the distal part of the splenic artery in 1 case; the artificial vessel bypass was done between the infra-renal aorta and distal portion of the splenic artery in 7 cases; the splenectomy was done in 2 cases; the splenectomy in combination with ligation of multiple small aneurysms were performed in 1 case. All cases were cured and discharged from the hospital 10-14 days after operation. A 1-14 year follow-up showed that 9 cases survived, and 2 cases died, including 1 case who died of acute myocardial infarction 2 years after aorta-splenic artery bypass operation and 1 case who died of acute cerebral hemorrhage 5 years after aneurysm resection and the splenectomy. Among 6 cases receiving aorta-splenic artery bypass, 1 gradually developed stenosis at anatomosed site, which eventually progressed to complete occlusion 2 years to 6 years after operation, without suffering from splenic infarction because the spleen was supplied by the short gastric vessel and its collaterals. The other 5 cases receiving aorta-splenic artery bypass and 1 case undergoing autologous vascular transplantation did not develop stricture or pseudoaneurysm at the stoma. Our study showed that the aneurysmectomy plus vascular reconstruction is a better treatment for aneurysm at the initial segment of splenic artery.
Aneurysm ; surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Splenic Artery ; surgery ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome ; Veins ; transplantation