Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of codonoposide in Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook.F..Methods:The HPLC analysis was performed on a Kromasil C18column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was 0. 1% phosphoric acid-acetonitrile (70∶ 30) and the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength was 203 nm and the column temperature was 30℃. Results:Codonoposide in Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. F. had a good separation from the oth-er components, and a good linear relationship was obtained within the range of 1. 09-17. 41 μg( r=0. 999 9). The average recovery was 98. 46%(RSD=1. 64%, n=6). Conclusion: The method is practicable with promising repeatability, which can be applied in the content determination of codonoposide in Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. F. .

Objective To extraction method optimization and the content of the different parts of Xinjiang Bergenia crassifolia (L.), provide the basis for efficient extraction of Bergenia crassifolia pigment. Method Using the orthogonal experiment, the alcohol extraction process of ethanol concentration, dosage of ethanol, extraction time, extraction times, as well as to Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of the different part. Results Of optimization, the best ethanol extract of xinjiang Bergenia crassifolia pigment process conditions is 8 times the amount of 50%ethanol, extracting 3 times, each time 0.5 h. In Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of different parts exists obvious difference. Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of Taproot and fibrous root is higher, at 8.65%to 9.58%, while Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of the leaves is relatively low, at just 0.15%. Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of leaves significantly higher than the old leaves. Conclusion This experimental study on efficient extraction of xinjiang Bergenia crassifolia pigment to provide strong technical support and theoretical basis.

Objective To investigate the regulation and the mechanism of Melatonin in calcium overload of pancreatic acinar cell in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). Methods Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were equally divided into three groups:sham-operation group (SO group),ANP group (created with retrograde cholangiopancreatography injection of sodium taurocholate) and MT group (ANP model made after intra-peritoneal injection MT for 30 mins).Rats were sacrificed at 1,4 and 8hours after operation and pancreas tissues were underwent pathological examination.The free calcium concentration of pancreas tissues was determined by fluorescence minitoring method; and the expression of CaMK Ⅱ in pancreas tissues at mRNA and protein level was tested by real-time PCR and Western Blot.Results Pancreatic pathological injury in ANP groups was progressively severe as time extended,which was obviously ameliorated in MT group compared with ANP group (the t value of compared pathological score at 1,4 and 8 hour was:-7.95,-9.72 and -7.69,all P=0.00).Compared at same time point,the free Ca2+ concentration of pancreas tissues in ANP group was significantly higher than that of SO group (the t value of 1,4 and 8 hour was 13.09,18.58 and 16.56,all P=0.00).It was a little bit higher in MT group compared with that of SO group,however was significantly lower than that of ANP group (the t value of 1,4 and 8 hour was -10.03,-11.75 and -11.02,all P =0.00).Compared with SO group,the expression of CaMK Ⅱ at mRNA and protein level significantly increased in ANP group; MT significantly inhibited its expression.Conclusions The expression of CaMK Ⅱ may be inhibited by MT interfere,and then lower the calcium overload in pancreatic acinar cell,which play a role in pancreas tissue protection.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effective differences between pricking blood combined with moxibustion and west medication for acute gouty arthritis.

METHODSForty patients with acute gouty arthritis were randomly divided into a pricking blood combined with moxibustion group (a combination group) and a western medication group, 20 cases in each one. In the combination group, pricking blood was used at the most painful points of the red turgid and painful joint once three days, total 3 times; moxibustion was applied at the same joint for 15-20 min, once a day. The moxibustion was adopted for 10 days. In the western medication group, 0. 3 g ibuprofen was prescribed orally twice a day for 10 days. The changes of uric acid (UA), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the joint syndrome and symptom score before and after: treatment were observed. Results In the two groups, the UA, the hs-CRP, the ESR and the joint syndrome and symptom scores were lower than those before treatment (all P<0. 05). After treatment, the UA, the ESR and the joint syndrome and symptom scores in the combination group were declined more apparently than those in the western medication group (all P<0. 05). The total effective rate in the combination group was 85. 0% (17/20) which was better than 75. 0% (15/20) in the western medication group (P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONPricking blood combined with moxibustion could improve the joint symptoms more effectively and the effect is better than ibuprofen orally.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis, Gouty ; therapy ; Bloodletting ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Molecular imprinting technique (MIT) involves the synthesis of polymer in the presence of a template to produce complementary binding sites in terms of its size, shape and functional group orientation. Such kind of polymer possesses specific recognition ability towards its template molecule. Despite the rapid development of MIT over the years, the majority of the template molecules that have been studied are small molecules, while molecular imprinting of proteins remains a significant yet challenging task due to their large size, structural flexibility and complex conformation. This review, we summarized the research findings over the past years, and discussed the nano-reinforcing materials used to prepare molecular imprinting of proteins and the perspective of these nano-reinforcing materials.
Binding Sites ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Imprinting ; Nanostructures ; chemistry ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Proteins ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical efficacy of moxibustion on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the patients and the impacts on the inflammatory indices.

METHODSForty RA patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 20 cases in each one. In the control group, diclofenac sodium sustained release tablets were used, 0.3 g each time, twice a day; methotrexate tablets were used, 10 mg each time, once a week; folic acid was used, 5 mg each time, once a week. In the observation group, on the basis of the treatment as the control group, moxibustion was added specially on the swelling and painful joints, once a day, 15-20 min each time till: the local skin turned slightly red. The treatment was given once a day, at the interval of 1 day after every 6 treatments. In the two groups, the efficacy was observed after 30-day treatment. Before and after treatment, the rheumatoid factor (RF), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), disease activity score-28 (DAS-28) and the score of joint symptom and physical signs were observed.

RESULTSCompared with those before treatment, the levels of RF, hs-CRP, ESR, DAS-28 and the symptom scale score were all reduced in the RA patients of the two groups after treatment (all P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of RF, hs-CRP, ESR, DAS-28 and the symptom scale score in the observation group were improved much apparently (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 85.0% (17/20) in the observation group and was 80.0% (16/20) in the control group. The total effective rate in the observation group was apparently better than that in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxibustion as supplement relieves the joint symptoms, reduces the inflammatory reactive indices and improves the clinical efficacy in the RA patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; blood ; therapy ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Rheumatoid Factor ; blood ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

The purpose of this study is to design push-pull osmotic pump (PPOP) tablets of famotidine using the expert system for the formulation design of osmotic pump of poor water-soluble drug which had been established by the authors. Firstly, the parameters which were requisite of the system input were obtained from literatures and experimental tests. Then the parameters were input into the system, and the program was run. The system displayed the designed formulations sequential. Finally, famotidine PPOP was prepared according to the designed formulations and the in vitro dissolution was carried out. It was found out that the target formulation of famotidine PPOP which could release for 24 hours was obtained in a very short period. Meanwhile, the practicability of the established expert system was proved.

Objective Metabonomics method based gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS)were used to analyze the urine samples of patients with hyperlipidemic pancreatitis (HLP) to describe the characteristics of metabolism changes of HLP,identify potential biomarkers,and investigate the role of metabonomics study in the management of AP.Methods 24 patients of HLP and 40 age,sex matched volunteers were enrolled and their urine samples were collected.The urine samples underwent preparation,derivation and GC/MS analysis,Orthogonal-Projection to Latent Structures-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA)were performed to detect the metabolic profile difference between the HLP and control group.Results HLP patients can be precisely distinguished from healthy controls.21 metabolites (credibility ＞ 700 ) were identified using the reference compounds available in the libraries of NIST and Wiley.It was identified that levels of nicotinic acid,aconitie acid,citric acid,hippurie acid,hydroxyphenylacetic acid,hydroxyphenylpropionicacid were decreased,while the levels of tryptophan,tyrosine,tyramine,16-hexadecanoic acid,18octadecanoie acid were increased.It was also suggested that there was change in tricarboxylic acid cycle and gut bacterial flora,as well as fat metabolism and metabolism of amino acid.Conclusions There are differences between healthy controls and HLP patients in the term of GC/MS metabolic profiling,and the biomarkers in the metabolites could be found through metabonomics analysis,and the mechanisms of the metabolic changes could be explored.It was noted that the research of metabolites in the urine samples may be a useful tool to help diagnose and understand the pathogenesis of HLP.Metabonomics analysis is a promising research method.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of intracoronary administration of eptifibatide oncoronary no-reflow and myocardium perfusion in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 80 STEMI patients with emergent PCI were randomly divided into 2 groups: Eptifibatide group, the patients received intracoronary administration of eptiifbatide and Control group, the patients received the same volume of normal saline.n=40 in each group. The baseline condition, post-operative vascular recanalization, changes of platelet aggression at pre- and post-medication were compared between 2 groups. Echocardiography was examined at immediately and 24 weeks after operation;myocardial infusion imaging was examined at l week after operation. All patients were followed-up for 24 weeks to observe the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Results: Compared with Control group, Eptifibatide group showed increased ratios of post-operative TIMI grade 3 (72.5%vs 92.5%) and myocardium perfusion (70.0% vs 90.0%), bothP<0.05; decreased post-operative and 2h post-medicinal platelet aggression and they were both lower than Control group at the same period, allP<0.05. Eptiifbatide group had obviously improved LVEDD and LVEF at 24-week than 1-week after PCI and they were both superior to Control group, allP<0.05. There were 7 (17.5%) patients in Eptiifbatide group and 7 (7.5%) in Control group suffering from small bleeding events, P>0.05; no severe bleeding eventand no in-hospital thrombocytopeniaoccurred. MACE occurrence rates during 24-week follow-up period were 12.5% vs 22.5%, P>0.05. Conclusion: Intracoronary administration of eptiifbatide in STEMI patients at emergent PCI could effectively improve coronary blood lfow,increase myocardium perfusion and enhance cardiac function without severe bleeding events.

OBJECTIVE: To find out some evidence that may indicate the theory of voice pitch of the five tones being correlated with the five zang viscera in Huangdi Neijing, which was lost 2 000 years. METHODS: Eight-four healthy females were divided into younger group (<34 years old) and older group (> or =34 years old) according to their ages. The pronunciations of these females were examined by sono-frequency analysis facility. RESULTS: The frequency of Jiao tone was much higher than those of the other tones in both groups (P<0.01) and the frequency of Jiao tone increased as aging. The frequency of Zhi tone in the younger group was higher than that in the older group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of higher frequency of Jiao tone in females is in accordance with the theory put forward by Ye Gui (a famous doctor in Qing Dynasty of China) that the liver is the congenital base of female life. In traditional Chinese medicine, Jiao tone is correlated with the liver, and Zhi tone is correlated with the heart. The high frequency of Zhi tone in younger females implies that regulating the Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Taiyang and Heart Meridian of Hand-Shaoyin may be beneficial to the health maintenance of younger female.