Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C ) in tissue, serum and lymph fluid in esophageal cancer patients, and the relationship between its expression and tumor lymphatic metastasis. Methods Expressions of VEGF-C in 76 cases of ESC was detected by immunohisto-chemical SP method and VEGF-C levels in lymph fluid and serum were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Positive immunostaining of VEGF-C in esophageal cancer tissue was 63.1%,The expression of VEGF-C in tissue was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage ( P<0.01, P<0.05 respectively), but not to patient age, tumor length or differentiation; VEGF-C in lymph fluid is significantly higher than in serum( P<0.05) ; The expression of VEGF-C in lymph fluid end serum were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis( P<0.05). Conclusion There are cliuical significance between VEGF-C expression and lymph node metastasis、TNM stage in tissue of esophageal cancer. The level of VFGF-C in lymph fluid is higher than that in serum, both associate with lymph-node metastasis closely.

Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factorC(VEGF-C),its receptor3(VEGFR-3) and podoplanin in tissue of esophageal cancer,and the relationship between their expression and tumor lymphatic metastasis.Methods Expression of VEGF-C,VEGFR-3 and podoplanin in 76 cases of ESC was detected by immunohistochemical SP method and lymphatic vessel density(LVD) was calculated.Results Positive immunostaining of VEGF-C in esophageal cancer tissue was 63.1%;the expression of VEGF-C was significantly associated with the depth of lymph node metastasis and tumor invasion(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of low central venous pressure (LCVP) in the operation of major hepatic resection.MethodsFourty-eight patients underwent major hepatic resection were randomized into two groups: LCVP and control group.In the LCVP group,CVP was maintained ≤5 cm H2O during the hepatic resection and then returned to normal after resection.In the control group,CVP was maintained normal between 6 -12 cm H20.The duration of hepatectomy,volume of blood loss,volume of blood transfused and renal function were compared between the two groups.ResultsFor the LCVP and control group,the time for hepatectomy was (45 ± 8 ) and ( 35 ± 5 ) min,respectively; the volumes of blood loss were ( 850 ± 160) and (436 ±280)ml,respectively; the blood loss during operation was (490 ± 130) and (270 ± 105 ) ml respectively.The differences were statistically significant (t values were 15.53,7.69 and 17.89 separately,P ＜0.05 ).No significant difference in the renal function was observed before and after the operation ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Using LCVP technique during liver resection significantly reduced the operation time,blood loss and blood infusion.And there wa.s no obvious adverse effect on renal function.

Adult ; Female ; Hexanes ; poisoning ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Male ; Myelin Proteins ; blood ; immunology ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; immunology ; Young Adult

Objective To determine the risk factors and clinical features of mild vascular cognitive impairment due to subcortical small vessel disease (mVCI-SSVD).Methods Detailed demographic data,vascular risk factors, past and present history were collected and carefully neurological examination, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), as well as Hachinski ischemic score (HIS) were performed on 56 mVCI-SSVD patients.Further, the demographic data and vascular risk factors of mVCI-SSVD patients were compared with those of 80 normal control subjects.Results Proportions of smoking (39.3% (22/56)), hypertension (67.9% (38/56)), and diabetes (25.0% (14/56)) were higher in the patient group than in the normal control group (21.3% (17/80) , 47.5% (39/80), 11.3% (9/80)).Odds ratio (2.32(95% CI 1.05-5.13),2.15 (95% CI 1.02-4.54),2.26(95% CI 0.86-5.92)) between the two groups was statistically significant (P value: 0.039, 0.045, 0.047).There was no difference in terms of hyperlipidemia and cardiac disease between groups.Fifty percent (28/56) mVCI-SSVD patients had a clear stroke history.Twenty-six point eight percent (15/56) patients developed the cognitive impairment with an acute onset.Neurological focal signs presented in 20 patients (35.7%).Twenty four (42.9%) patients with HIS ≤ 4 points.Thirty eight cases (67.9%) scored 0 on NIHSS.Conclusions Current study suggested that smoking, hypertension, and diabetes may be risk factors for mVCI-SSVD.While hyperlipidemia and cardiac disease do not increase the risk of mVCI-SSVD.Unlike mVCI caused by large vessel disease, about half mVCI-SSVD patients lack of stroke history.Most patients show a relatively insidious onset and free of significant neurological focal signs.

Aged, 80 and over ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Mucor ; pathogenicity ; Mucormycosis ; microbiology ; pathology ; Orbit ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; microbiology ; pathology

Objective To investigate the correlation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene variations in the promoter region with the sporadic Alzheimer' s disease (SAD) in Chinese Han population for better understanding the mechanism of SAD. MethodsThe polymorphisms of 279 SAD Chinese Han patients from Northern China were analyzed by comparing with those from 317 healthy individuals using the method of polymeraee chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism ( PCR-RFLP) or direct sequencing.The commercial statistics package SPSS 11.5 was used to compare the distribution of the allele and the genotype, and to analyze their correlations with SAD. ResultsThree polymorphism sites were found for the VEGF promoters in the Chinese Han sample group including -2578C/A,- 2549I/D and- 1154G/A.- 2549I/D and- 2578C/A exhibiting strong linkage disequilibrium. Individuals with the A allele at position -2578 had an insertion of 18 nucleotides at -2459I/D, whereas CC homozygotes did not contain th es were found between the SAD patients and the controls in the 3 VEGF polymorphisms. After adjusting the data for gender, age and the ApoE ε4 allele using Logistic regression, the - 1154G/G genotype of the VEGF promoter might increase the risk of SAD in Chinese Han population.Among the subgroup without the ApoE ε4 allele, -2549D/-1154G haplotype might increase the risk for SAD (OR = 1.325, 95％ CI 1.023--1.716, P=0.033). ConclusionsThree polymorphism sites ( -2578C/A, -254911D, and -1154G/A) are found in the VEGF promoter regions in Chinese Han population. The-1154G/G genotype of the VEGF promote appears to increase the risk of SAD in Chinese Han population.In the absence of ApoE ε4, the -2549D/-1154G haplotype of the VEGF promoter appears to affect the risk for SAD.

Objective To explore the correlation between the enhancement pattern of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and its tumor differentiation on histopathology. Methods HCC lesions (n=259) from 224 patients were retrospectively evaluated with CEUS and histopathological examination. CEUS was performed with SonoVue. The characteristics of blood perfusion and parameters of the time-intensity curve (TIC) were analyzed by ACQ soft?ware. Histopathological diagnoses were decided base on Edmonson grading system. Results Pathologic grading of HCC was not related to the arrival time(P>0.05);The washing-out time point and the enhancement time point and peak time point all appeared earlier in poorly differentiated HCC group, than those in moderately differentiated HCC group than those in well differentiated HCC group(P<0.01);The enhancement time point and the expurgation time point are shorter in poorly differ?entiated HCC group than those in moderately differentiated HCC group than those in well differentiated HCC group. All dif?ferences were with statistical significance. The mode of arterial perfusion in early stage was divided into 3 types:spider web type, radiative type and mixed type. The well differentiated HCC group mainly presented as radiative type ( 28/49, 47.14%). But the most of poorly differentiated HCC group mainly present as spider web type(88/127, 69.29%). The mix type was more common in moderately differentiated HCC group(49/83, 59.03%). Conclusion CEUS show different features of TIC pa?rameters and blood perfusion in different pathological stages of HCC lesions so it can serve as a method to assess the biologi?cal behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To explore how to improve the immunogenicity of short epitope peptides of triggering melanoma MART 1 specific CD8 +T cell responses Methods Therapeutic peptides based on the immunodominant MART 127 35, HIV Tat49 57CCP sequence and a tetanus toxoid universal Th epitope were designed and synthesized The immunological functions were studied in PBMCs from HLA A2 + melanoma patients Results The results demonstrated that the peptides could trigger vigorous MART 1 specific CD8 + CTL activities in vitro The function of peptide containing MART 127 35 and tetanus universal Th epitope was more vigorous than that of MART 127 35 peptide, and the immunogenicty of the peptides with HIV Tat49 57CCP sequence, MART 127 35 and tetanus universal Th epitope was the most vigorous Conclusion Linkage of HIV Tat49 57CCP sequence and a tetanus universal Th epitope could dramatically improve the immunogenictiy of the MART 127 35 epitope peptide

Objective To explore how to trigger an HLA Ⅰ restricted CD8 + T cell response to exogenously synthesized peptides in vitro . Methods A new panel of therapeutic peptides based on the immunodominant B and CTL epitopes of HBV PreS 2 region and HBcAg and the tetanus toxoid common T helper epitopes were synthesized by Merrifield solid phase peptide synthesis, and HLA A2 + human PBMCs were used to investigate the immunological properties of the mimetic peptides. Results The results demonstrated that the peptides could trigger vigorous CD8 + HBV specific CTL responses in vitro specifically and effectively. Conclusion The results reveal that T helper plus B epitopes designing with the introduction of short and flexible linker can remarkably improve the immunogenicity of short peptides and hence produce effective CTL responses in vitro .