Multiple etiological factors are integrally involved in the development of hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection.Interleukin-10 (IL-10)is an essential cytokine of immune regulation,and IL-10 gene promoter polymorphism affects its mRNA transcription and serum level. IL-10 is related to the prognosis of HBV infection.This review briefly discusses the association of IL-10 gene polymorphism and its serum level with the prognosis of HBV infection,and summarizes the role of IL-10,as an anti-inflammatory cytokine,in host immune function, the prognosis and progression of HBV infection,and HBV-related complications.IL-10 gene polymorphism and its serum level are closely associated with inflammatory response after HBV infection,influence HBV clearance,and are related to the severity of HBV-related liver injury,liver cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma.The determination of IL-10 gene and serum levels may provide a predictive marker for the prognosis of HBV infection.

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of death globally .Apart from the suc-cessful phase Ⅲclinical trial of trastuzumab and Ramucirumab , other targeted therapies in gastric cancer ( GC) have fallen short or still in early clinical development .In this review, we will summarize the most up to date information on many of the potential actionabledriver genesin gastric cancer and the importance of using the optimal diagnostic test to select for these molecularly defined patients . We focus on the following aspects:HER-2, EGFR, FGFR, MET, IGF-1R and VEGF.

Lymphoma is a malignancy of mature lymphocytes. Signalling through the B cell receptor ( BCR ) is central to the development and maintenance of B cells. In light of the numer-ous proliferative and survival pathways activated downstream of the BCR, it comes as no surprise that malignant B cells would co-opt this receptor to promote their own growth and survival. Compounds that inhibit various components of this pathway, in-cluding spleen tyrosine kinase(Syk), Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk), and phosphoinositol-3 kinase(PI3K), have been devel-oped. In this paper,the B-cell receptor signaling and its targeted inhibitors of lymphoid malignancies are reviewed.

AIM:To construct nine novel L-asparaginase mutants and study their enzyme-activity.METHODS:The mutants were constructed using overlap extension PCR according to the principle of alanine-scanning mutagenesis. The enzyme-activity was detected by Nessler's method. RESULTS:The DNA sequencing showed that the mutagenesis was consistent with the theoretical prediction. The enzyme-activity assay demonstrated that each mutant possessed enzyme activity equal to the original enzyme. CONCLUSION:Through gene modification,epitop of L-asparaginase was changed without activity loss.These results provide foundation for further study of the structure-function relationship of L-asparaginase.

Objective To examine the application value of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr)for diagnosing iron deficiency in premenopausal women.Methods The levels of CHr,hemoglobin (Hb), mean cellular volume(MCV),red cell distribution width (RDW) were measured on the ADVIA 120 (Bayer Diagnostics) automated hematology analyzer.Transferrin saturation (TS) and ferritin (SF) were measured on chemistry analyzer.Results CHr in iron deficiency without anemia group were significantly lower than that in the healthy control group (P＜0.01)and significantly higher than that in iron deficiency anemia group(P＜0.01).CHr in anemia of chronic disease group were significantly higher than that in iron deficiency anemia group(P＜0.01).Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis in diagnosis of iron dificiency without anemia demonstrated that the area under the curve for CHr,SF,RDW,MCV,Hb were 0.872,0.798,0.721,0.713,0.677,respectively (P＜0.01).So CHr has a better overall sensitivity than SF,Hb,MCV and RDW in the diagnosis of iron deficiency without anemia.ROC also showed that the area under the curve for Hb,RDW,CHr,SF and MCV was 1.000,0.969,0.958,0.953 and 0.926,respectively (P＜0.01) in iron deficiency anemia.Conclusion CHr is the early and sensitive predictor of iron deficiency in premenopausal women,especially for the diagnosis of iron deficiency without anemia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective mechanism of emodin(大黄素) on intestinal mucosal injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) in rats.Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups,namely sham operation group(Group A),group of ischemia 45 minutes followed by reperfusion 6 hours(Group B),emodinpretreated group(Group C).The superior mesenteric artery was occluded and then released to produce the intestinal I/R model in rats.Group C was administrated emodin intravenously(2.5 mg/kg) before 30 minutes of the operation.In the sham operation group and model group,similar volume of normal saline was administered respectively.After 45 minutes of ischemia and 6 hours of reperfusion, the blood was collected from the inferior vena cava respectively in each group.Afterwards,the rats were sacrificed,and the mesenteric lymph node(MLN) and small intestinal tissues were taken for pathological analysis by light microscopy.The serum levels of intestinal fatty acid binding protein(IFABP),nitrogen monoxidum(NO),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),and the activities of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),myeloperoxidase(MPO)in the small intestinal tissues were measured,and the rates of bacterial translocation(BT) in blood and MLN were examined at 6 hours after reperfusion in each group. Results The contents of IFABP,NO,TNF-?,MDA and MPO were significantly lower(all P

Objective:To investigate the cellular immunological regulation mechanism of Zhongjiling tablet on the myasthenia gravis(MG) patients.Methods:The myasthenia gravis patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, the curing group and the control group, 30 cases per group. Patients of curing group administered Zhongjiling tablet and prednisone placebo, patients of control group administered prednisone tablet and Zhongjiling tablet placebo. Course of treatment was 12 weeks. The distribution of T lymphocyte subgroup of myasthenia gravis patients was detected by flow cytometry. The content of IFN-?, IL-4 and TGF-? of the patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear in vitro were detected by ELISA kits.Results:After treatment, CD4+T cell percentage and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ decreased significantly(P0.05). The IFN-? and IL-4 of treating group depressed, compared with that of pre-treatment, significant difference exited(P

Objective To explore the early diagnostic marker and mechanism of the injury of in- testinal mucosal barrier induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups:the sham operation group(SO),the ischemia 15 minutes group(A),the ischemia 45 minutes group(B),the ischemia 45 minutes plus reperfusion 2 hours group (C),the ischemia 45 minutes plus reperfusion 6 hours group(D),and the ischemia 45 minutes plus reperfusion 12 hours group(E).Using clamping and then releasing superior mesenteric artery the model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats was made.The sham operation group only underwent laparotomy. At different time points after ischemia and reperfusion the levels of serum CK,LDH,D-lactate and intes- tinal fatty acid binding protein(IFABP)in each group were examined.The morphological changes of in- testinal tissues were observed with light microscopy.Results Compared with group SO,the level of se- rum IFABP in group A was(374.74?48.85)pg/ml,significantly higher(P＜0.01),but the level of CK,LDH and D-lactate had no significant difference(all P＞0.05).In group B,the level of CK was (1090.40?187.51)u/L,peaking at 45 minutes after ischemia,meanwhile,D-lactate and IFABP levels were significantly increased(P＜0.01,respectively).In group C,D-lactate and IFABP were (2.51?0.19)?g/ml and (1601.42?286.81 )pg/ml,respectively,peaking at 2 hours after reperfusion (P＜0.01).At 6 hours after reperfusion,compared with ischemia 45 minutes,CK level was significantly de- creased(P＜0.01),LDH had no significant difference(P＞0.05),but the levels of D-lactate and IF- ABP were(2.03?0.24)?g/ml and(1443.76?174.52)pg/ml,respectively,all sustained a high lev- el(P＜0.01 ).At 12 hours after reperfusion,D-lactate and IFABP levels were gradually decreased(P＜0.01).At 45 minutes after ischemia the morphological changes of intestinal mucosa could be observed. At 6 hours after reperfusion part of the mucous layer appeared necrotic,some intestinal mucosal cells shed to enteric cavity,and submucous layer had hyperemia and edema obviously.Injury scores of intestinal mucosa were significantly correlated to the serum level of D-lactate and IFABP,correlation coefficients were 0.456,0.612(P＜0.01).Conclusion The monitoring of serum IFABP combined with D-lac- tate is a early,sensitive and specific biochemical marker in the diagnosis of intestinal mucosal barrier in- jury after ischemia-reperfusion.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,therapy and prognosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).Methods Forty-three PCNSL patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results The most frequent PCNSL clinical presentations were an increased intracranial pressure, focal neurologic deficits.The median survival time of patients was 18.0 months (14.2—21.8 months,95% CI).Cox regression model analysis revealed that ependymal and leptomeningeal involvement was the only independent factor for overall survival (P=0.002).Conclusions PCNSL is a aggressive disease with a poor prognosis and difficult to diagnose before operation.The optimal treatment modality for newly diagnosed PCNSL is still under investigation.

Objective To explore how to trigger an HLA Ⅰ restricted CD8 + T cell response to exogenously synthesized peptides in vitro . Methods A new panel of therapeutic peptides based on the immunodominant B and CTL epitopes of HBV PreS 2 region and HBcAg and the tetanus toxoid common T helper epitopes were synthesized by Merrifield solid phase peptide synthesis, and HLA A2 + human PBMCs were used to investigate the immunological properties of the mimetic peptides. Results The results demonstrated that the peptides could trigger vigorous CD8 + HBV specific CTL responses in vitro specifically and effectively. Conclusion The results reveal that T helper plus B epitopes designing with the introduction of short and flexible linker can remarkably improve the immunogenicity of short peptides and hence produce effective CTL responses in vitro .