OBJECTIVESTo investigate the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of renal oncocytoma.

METHODSThe data of 26 patients of renal oncocytoma in the department of urology of the Peking University First Hospital from 1999 to 2010 were collected. Retrospective analysis of renal oncocytoma clinical characteristics of patients including pathological characteristics and long term follow-up, treatment methods, and prognosis was undergone.

RESULTSThe mean age of these patients was (55 ± 14) years, mean tumor size was (4.1 ± 1.3) cm, corresponding to a mean tumor volume of (24.0 ± 21.1) cm(3). All of these cases were unilocular unilateral. All of these 26 patients received surgical treatment, 5 cases accepted partial nephrectomy while the other cases accepted radical nephrectomy. After a median follow-up time was (47 ± 34) months (range 4 - 144 months) for 25 patients who had been followed up, there was no disease recurrence, progression or death attributed to oncocytoma.

CONCLUSIONSRenal oncocytoma is an uncommon tumor. It exhibits numerous features which are characteristic but not necessarily unique.Preoperative renal mass biopsy is the only way for pre-nephrectomy histologic diagnosis of oncocytoma.

Adenoma, Oxyphilic ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of the estrogen receptors(ER) in breast hypertrophy and micromastia.

METHODSThe quantity of ER within breast tissue in 13 patients with mammary hypertrophy strictly elected was determined using DCC single dot test. The results were compared with that measured in 13 patients with micromastia.

RESULTSThe average of the quantity of the ER was respectively (5.33 +/- 5.70) fmol/mg and (1.17 +/- 0.86) fmol/mg in mammary hypertrophy ground and in the micromastia group. There was obvious significant between the two groups in a statistics basis (P < 0.05) .

CONCLUSIONSThe breast hypertrophy is related to the excessive expression of ER within breast tissue,while the micromastia and breast hypotrophy are related to the lower level or the expression inhibition of ER.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Breast ; abnormalities ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the change of the serum gastrin (GAS) and plasma motilin (MTL) levels as well as the gastric motility in gastric cancer patients after subtotal gastrectomy.

METHODSWe used radioimmunoassay method to detect the levels of serum GAS and plasma MTL in 39 healthy volunteers (control group) and 39 gastric cancer patients before and after gastrectomy (gastric cancer group). Electrogastrography (EGG) was measured at the same time points.

RESULTSThe levels of serum GAS and plasma MTL in gastric cancer group before operation were significantly higher than those in control group (P = 0.000), and the levels of serum GAS and plasma MTL in gastric cancer stage II patients were also significantly higher than those in stage III patients (P <0.05). The levels of serum GAS and plasma MTL in gastric cancer group significantly decreased on the first post-operative day (P = 0.000), but returned to the pre-operative levels on the seventh post-operative day. The incidence of the abnormity of gastric motility in gastric cancer group on the seventh post-operative day was significantly higher than the pre-operation incidence (89.7% vs. 43.6%; chi2 = 18.692, P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe levels of serum GAS and plasma MTL transiently decreased in gastric cancer patients. Subtotal gastrectomy could affect the gastric motility in gastric cancer patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastrins ; blood ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motilin ; blood ; Radioimmunoassay ; Stomach Neoplasms ; blood ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to search for a perfect treatment for the complications after polyacrylamide hydrogel injection for augmentation mammaplasty.

METHODS48 patients who accepted polyacrylamide hydrogel injection for augmentation mammaplasty were included in this study. Operations were performed for the complications of polyacrylamide hydrogel injection. The clinical data were analyzed and the experience in the treatment of the complications was summarized.

RESULTSAll patients were satisfied with the result of the operation. The B-ultrasonic examination showed that no visible polyacrylamide hydrogel remained in the cavity.

CONCLUSIONThe best therapy for the complications of polyacrylamide hydrogel injection was removing of the polyacrylamide hydrogel and the pathologic tissue and irrigation of the cavity.

Acrylic Resins ; administration & dosage ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Infection ; etiology ; surgery ; Injections ; Mammaplasty ; adverse effects ; methods ; Pain ; etiology ; surgery ; Postoperative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; surgery ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; standards ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo analysis various complications of 30 patients of breast augmentation by injected polyacrylamide hydrogel and discuss the treatment through periareolar incision.

METHODSAll patients were classified according to the different complications. Open suction technique and partial mastectomies via periareolar incisions were performed in all patients, Only one patient had immediately breast reconstruction with prosthesis, five patients received secondarily breast prostheses implantation via a axillary incision.

RESULTAll the symptoms were relieved after remove of polyacrylamide hydrogel.

CONCLUSIONSPolyacrylamide hydrogel should be prohibited for injected breast augmentation at present. A double-blinded randomized clinical study, controlled animal experiments and a large sample questionnaire survey for complications are necessary. The periareolar approach is valuable technique and can remove polyacrylamide hydrogel as completely as possible.

Acrylic Resins ; administration & dosage ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; adverse effects ; Mammary Glands, Human ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the preventive effect of chitosan on capsular contracture after implantation of silicone gel-filled mammary implants in rats.

METHODS18 SD female rats were divided into three groups randomly. Small silicone gel-filled mammary implants were implanted under each side of latissimus dorsi muscle. Chitosan was injected into left cavities as experimental sides, and nothing was injected into right cavities as control sides. 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperation, specimens were dissected and observed using light microscope, and area density of collagen both type I and type III were also detected.

RESULTSFibrous capsules around implants consist of two layers: dense layer and loose layer. 4 weeks postoperation, total thickness of the experimental sides was less than that of the control sides (P < 0.01). Area density of collagen either type I or type III of the experimental sides was lower than that of the control sides (P < 0.01). Both 8 and 12 weeks postoperation, total thickness of the experimental sides was less than that of the control sides (P < 0.05). Area density of collagen type I of the experimental sides was lower than that of the control sides (P < 0.05). Area density of collagen type III was of no statistical difference between the experimental sides and the control sides (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSChitosan can remarkably prevent capsule contracture during the early period after implantation of silicone gel-filled mammary implants.

Animals ; Breast Implantation ; Breast Implants ; adverse effects ; Chitosan ; therapeutic use ; Contracture ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Female ; Mammary Glands, Animal ; surgery ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Silicone Gels ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) on gastric motility and gastroenteric hormones after subtotal gastrectomy.

METHODSForty-one patients underwent gastrectomy were randomly divided into EN group (n = 20) and PN group (n = 21). From the first postoperative day to the seventh day, patients received either EN (EN group) or PN (PN group) with isocaloric (84.9 kJ x kg(-1) x d(-1)) and isonitrogenous (0.11 g x kg(-1) x d(-1)) intake. Serum gastrin (GAS), plasma motilin (MTL), and plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) were measured on preoperative day, the first and seventh postoperative day. Electrogastrography (EGG) was measured on preoperative day and the seventh postoperative day.

RESULTSCompared with preoperation, blood GAS, MTL, and CCK levels of 41 patients decreased significantly on the first day after subtotal gastrectomy (P < 0.001), but returned to the preoperative levels one week later. EGG after gastrectomy showed that gastric basal electrical rhythm was significantly restrained (P < 0. 001). On the seventh day after subtotal gastrectomy, plasma MTL and CCK levels in EN group were higher than those in PN group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in GAS level between two groups. EGG in EN group was better than that in PN group postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONSThe levels of gastroenteritic hormones and the gastric motility decrease significantly after subtotal gastrectomy. In contrast with PN, EN can accelerate the recovery of MTL, CCK, and gastric motility after subtotal gastrectomy.

Adult ; Aged ; Cholecystokinin ; blood ; Enteral Nutrition ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Gastrins ; blood ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motilin ; blood ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Prospective Studies

BACKGROUNDDisease recurrence is a main challenge in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is no generally accepted method for preventing recurrence of HCC after resection.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy of a traditional herbal medicine (THM) regimen and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in preventing recurrence in post-resection patients with small HCC.

DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONSThis is a multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled study, which was undertaken in five centers of China. A total of 379 patients who met the eligibility criteria and underwent randomization were enrolled in this trial. One hundred and eighty-eight patients were assigned to the THM group and received Cinobufacini injection and Jiedu Granule, and the other 191 patients were assigned to the TACE group and received one single course of TACE.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESPrimary outcome measures were the annual recurrence rate and the time to recurrence. Incidence of adverse events was regarded as the secondary outcome measure.

RESULTSAmong the 364 patients who were included in the intention-to-treat analysis, 67 patients of the THM group and 87 of the TACE group had recurrence, with a hazard ratio of 0.695 (P = 0.048). Median recurrence-free survival of the patients in the THM and TACE groups was 46.89 and 34.49 months, respectively. Recurrence rates at 1, 2 and 3 years were 17.7%, 33.0% and 43.5% for the THM group, and 28.8%, 42.5% and 54.0% for the TACE group, respectively (P = 0.026). Multivariate analysis indicated that the THM regimen had a big advantage for prolonging the recurrence-free survival. Adverse events were mild and abnormality of laboratory indices of the two groups were similar.

CONCLUSIONIn comparison with TACE therapy, the THM regimen was associated with diminished risk of recurrence of small-sized HCC after resection, with comparable adverse events. TRIAL REGISTRTION IDENTIFIER: This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with the identifier ChiCTR-TRC-07000033.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; pathology ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) on gastric motility and gastroenteric hormones after subtotal gastrectomy. Try to find the possible prognosticating marks for the postoperative gastroparesis.

METHODSForty-one patients after gastrectomy were randomly divided into EN group (n = 20) and PN group (n = 21). From the first day after operation (POD + 1) to the seventh day (POD + 7), patients received either EN (EN group) or PN (PN group) with isocaloric and isonitrogenous intake. Serum gastrin (GAS), plasma motilin (MTL) and plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) were measured on preoperative day, POD + 1 and POD + 7. Electrogastrography (EGG) was measured on preoperative day, and POD + 7.

RESULTSOn the seventh day after gastrectomy, plasma MTL and CCK levels in EN group are higher than those in PN group. There is no difference in GAS between two groups. EGG in EN group is better than that in PN group postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONSThe level of gastroenteric hormones and the gastric motility are decreased significantly after subtotal gastrectomy. In contrast with PN, EN could accelerate the recovery of some gastroenteric hormones and the gastric motility after subtotal gastrectomy. GAS, MTL, CCK and EGG are not accurate enough as the marks for prognosticating the postoperative gastroparesis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Enteral Nutrition ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; nursing ; Gastric Emptying ; physiology ; Gastrointestinal Hormones ; blood ; Gastroparesis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Postoperative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of ceftriaxone on the intestinal epithelium and microbiota in mice in the early-life stage, as well as the recovery of the intestinal epithelium and reconstruction of intestinal microbiota in adult mice.

METHODSA total of 36 BALB/C neonatal mice were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 18 mice in each group. The mice in the experimental group were given ceftriaxone 100 mg/kg every day by gavage within 21 days after birth. Those in the control group were given an equal volume of normal saline by gavage. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of Ki67, Muc2, and ZO-1 in the intestinal epithelium. qPCR and next-generation sequencing were used to analyze the overall concentration and composition of fecal bacteria.

RESULTSAfter 21 days of ceftriaxone intervention, the experimental group had a significant reduction in body weight, a significant reduction in the expression of Ki67 and ZO-1 and a significant increase in the expression of Muc2 in intestinal epithelial cells, a significant reduction in the overall concentration of fecal bacteria, and a significant increase in the diversity of fecal bacteria compared with the control group (P<0.05). Firmicutes was the most common type of fecal bacteria in the experimental group, and there were large amounts of Staphylococcus and Enterococcus. The experimental group had a certain degree of recovery of the intestinal epithelium, but there were still significant differences in body weight and the structure of intestinal microbiota between the two groups at 56 days after birth (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEarly ceftriaxone intervention significantly affects the development of the intestinal epithelium and the construction of intestinal microbiota in the early-life stage. The injury of the intestinal microbiota in the early-life stage may continue to the adult stage and affect growth and development and physiological metabolism.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Ceftriaxone ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; drug effects ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; Ki-67 Antigen ; analysis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mucin-2 ; analysis ; Zonula Occludens-1 Protein ; analysis