The present article introduced the current medical education of the Feinberg School of Medicine in Northwestern University.Thmugh the comparisons on edueation system and carriculums design between United States of America and China,advices were made to the medical education in China.The article shed light on the current reform of medical education in China.

Objective To study the application effect of feedback training mode on new neonatal recovery technology.Methods 101 midwives,obstetric doctors and pediatricians who participated the training were tested about the professional knowledge and skills of new neonatal recovery technology according to the teaching material of neonatal asphyxia recovery and neonatal resuscitation guidelines (2007 revision in Beijing).The results showed no statistical significance.And they were randomly divided into the control group (51 cases) and the observation group(50 cases).The control group adopted traditional method,that was,the teacher taught first and then the students took practice.The observation group used feedback training method.Results The theoretical and technical results of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group.The learning motivation,learning initiative,cooperation degree,ability of observation and solving problem and operation proficiency were also significantly higher than those of the control group.Conclusions Feedback training methods can significantly increase the learning effect of perinatal personnel,and make popularized the new neonatal recovery technology.

ABSTRACT:Recently ,prion‐like transmission has been found in various amyloidosis .AApoAII amyloid fibrils in mouse senile amyloidosis have exhibited transmissibility .AApoAII amyloid fibrils ,which were excreted from mice and contained in fe‐ces or milk ,cause mouse senile amyloidosis .However ,transmissibility of AApoAII amyloid fibrils through other pathways has not yet been established .In this study ,we injected AApoAII amyloid fibrils into R1 .P1‐A poa2c mice to induce AApoAII sys‐temic amyloidosis .Two months later ,AApoAII amyloid fibrils ,which deposited in the skeletal muscles of amyloid‐affected mice ,were used to induce AApoAII systemic amyloidosis .Mouse senile amyloidosis which deposited in skeletal muscles could induce secondary transmission of AApoAII amyloidosis .The evidence of transmission through skeletal muscles in non‐prion systemic amyloidosis is found in our study .This pathway of transmission provides new insight into the potential for food‐borne pathogenesis and etiology of systemic amyloidosis .

Spermiogenesis is a complex process of differentiation and morphologic alteration, in which sperm acrosome formation is an important stage. Acrosome is an essential component of the sperm head, which develops in four distinct phases: Golgi, cap, acro- somal, and maturation, each supported by precise and orderly regulation of various genes. The regulatory genes which act on Golgi ap- paratus include GOPC, Hrb, SPATA16, PICK1, and CK2α', those involved in the cap phase are Fads2, syntaxin 2, Kdm3a, and UBR7, and participating in acrosomal and maturation phases are KIFC1, Rnf19a, and DPY19L2. The abnormalities of these genes may affect male fertility by influencing the connection of the nuclear dense lamina and acroplaxome with the nuclear membrane and then the fusion and transportation of vesicles. This review focuses on the genes involved in different phases of acrosome formation.
Acrosome ; physiology ; Animals ; Golgi Apparatus ; Male ; Mice ; Sperm Head ; physiology ; Spermatids ; growth & development ; Spermatogenesis ; genetics ; Spermatozoa ; growth & development

Objective: To evaluate the impact of anemia on prognosis of elder patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods: A total of 908 consecutive ACS patients elder than 60 years of age with PCI in our hospital from 2010-06 to 2012-06 were studied. According to WHO deifnition of anemia (HB<12.0 g/dL in female and HB<13.0 g/dL in male), the patients were classiifed as Anemia group, n=283 and Non-anemia group, n=625. The patients were followed-up for 1 year. The basic clinical characteristics, incidences of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebravascular events (MACCE) were compared between 2 groups by cardiac death, myocardial re-infarction, worsening of cardiac function, target vessel revascularization, cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction.
Results: There were 31%of patients suffering from anemia. Anemia group had more patients with the elder age, female gender, diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, decreased LVEF, more patients with 3 vessel-disease, and higher mortality at 1 year after PCI, higher rate of MACCE than those in Non-anemia group, all P<0.05. Multiple regression analysis indicated that anemia is the independent predictor for mortality in elder ACS patients at 1 year after PCI, P<0.05.
Conclusion: Anemia may increase the incidences of mortality and MACCE in elder ACS patients after PCI for a long-term.

This paper introduced vascular surgery residency program in Northwestern Memorial Hospital including application process,training mode,program content and scientific training.This paper also made comparison in surgical residency program between United States and China and put forward the proposal for the implementation of Chinese main land vascular surgery residency training program.

Objective To study the feature of MRI in ureter transitional cell carcinoma,to evaluate the diagnostic value in transitional cell carcinoma of ureter with MRI.Methods Heavily T_2-weighted fast spin echo pulse sequence,fat suppression pulse and MR urography(MRU)were performed.The MRI finding of the ureter transitional cell carcinoma were anlysed in 32 cases and were discssed with the review of literature.Results Fifteen lesions were located at the upper portionof the ureter,7 at mid portion and 10 at lower portion.Each case presented urinary obstruction,distention and uretal hydrocele.21 retrograde urleropyelogrhpy of nodular shaperal irregular,11 irregular the ureteral wall,10 dilate the ureter in 21 cases,11 infitrative lesion to grow in location,9 lymphanode to enlarge in surrounding of major arterial of abdominal and renal out in 11 cases.17—72 mm length the lesion,39 mm average,6—50 mm width the leion,17 mm average.Hypointense on T_1 WI and hyperintense on T_2 WI image in 23 cases,hyperintense on both T_1 WI and T_2 WI image in 5 cases,hypointense on T_1 WI and isointense on T_2 WI image in 2 case, slightly hypointense on both T_1 WI and T_2 WI images in 2 case.Ninteen homogeneous and 13 non homogeneous of signal in lesion,22 reliable and 5 suspicious diagnosis and 5 misdiagnosis in MRI. Conclusion The location,the shape,the spectrum of the tumor and change of surrounding tiessue were clear cuted in MRI,but further research in confirmation of the diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the transcription level of gene hld of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the biofilm forming and detaching under MIC antibiotic and explore the relationship between biofilm-related drug resistance and persistant infection.METHODS The transcription level of gene hld of S.epidermidis under MIC concentration of 4 antibiotics was compared with those of the control group without antibiotics by SYBR real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR at the different time point of biofilm formation and detachment.RESULTS The transcription of gene hld decreased rapidly from initial adherence,and droped continuously for few hours.There was an increase from 24 hours to 72 hours in groups without antibiotics but not in antibiotics groups,the differenet was significant.CONCLUSIONS Antibiotics improve adherence at first and then prevent matrix decomposition water-conducting tube and detachment of cells by impact of transcription of gene hld,it can protect cells from killing by inhibiting the penetration of biotics and prevent them become planktonic cells after detachment from biofilm.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of port catheter system(PCS)placement in pulmonary artery via percutaneous subclavicle vein treatment for multiple metastatic tumor in the two lungs and discuss the PCS technique.Methods Fifteen multiple metastatic tumor patients(13 hepatocellular carcinomas,one mandible grand adenocarcinoma,one oral bottom squamous carcinoma)were carried out with pulmonary artery PCS placement by way of percutaneous subclavicle vein.FPA/FPM/GP chemotherapy scheme were introduced every 4～6 weeks.Results The success rate of PCS placement technique was 93.3%(14/15).One case failed.Percutaneous subclavicle veins were performed 14 cases in right side and 1 in left one.Following up 2～43 months,2～7 chemotherapy cycles(mean 5 cycles)were accomplished,and the clinical CR and PR were achieved in 1 and 3 cases respectively with clinical efficacy rate 28.6%(4/14).Major side reaction was late wound healing in 1 case.Conclusion PCS placement in pulmonary artery treatment for multiple metastatic tumor in the two lungs is effective,and mastering operation technique is the key for increasing operation suc- cess rate.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of EUS in patients with chronic abdominal pain of suspected pancreatic origin.Methods The EUS findings and related clinical data of 106 patients with chronic abdominal pain of suspected pancreatic origin(excluding the patients with suspected pancreatic malignancies)from 1991 to 2004 in PUMCH were retrospectively analyzed.Results(1)The principal dis- ease interpreting the chronic abdominal pain of suspected pancreatic origin(excluding pancreatic malignan- cies)was chronic pancreatitis(CP)(57.5%),the following contributions were other pancreatic diseases (18.9%)and unknown diseases(11.3%).(2)The sensitivity and specificity of EUS for diagnosing CP was 95.1% and 64.4% respectively,the positive predictive value(PPV)and negative predictive value (NPV)was 78.4% and 90.6% respectively.(3)Abhormalities of pancreatic parenchyma structure based on EUS were the main findings(90.2%)in patients with CP and non-homogeneous echo pattern combined with hyper echoic dots or calcification was the predominant feature(52.5%).The value of isolated inhomo- geneity and focal enhanced eehogenicity for diagnosing CP were limited(P＞0.05).Abnormalities of pan- ereatic ductal system were presented in 63.9% of patients with CP and dilation of pancreatic duct was the major feature(34.4%).CP with focal mass(inflammatory pseudotumor)was usually presented as hypo e- choic mass in the pancreatic head based on EUS(90%),which was similar to the EUS feature of pancreatic cancer.(4)The general accordant rate based on EUS with ERCP or BT-PABA were 77.8% and 70.4% re- spectively,and the correct rate based on combine diagnosis were 100% and 95.2%.Conclusion CP is the main source of chronic abdominal pain of suspected pancreatic origin(excluding pancreatic malignancies). EUS has good sensitivity but inadequate specificity for diagnosing CP,while ERCP may be more sensitive than EUS for detecting pancreatic ductal lesions.Pancreatic parenchymal abnormalities contribute the major EUS features of CP but the value of isolated inhomogeneity and focal enhanced echogenicity for diagnosing CP are limited.