Objective To investigate the effects of different chromatogram fingerprints analysis methods on the quality evaluation of Chinese herbal medicine. Methods With the chromatogram fingerprints of a Chinese patent medicine in different batches as the analytic object, the quality evaluation of three methods such as peak area ratio,peak area quantification and similarity coefficient were investigated. Results The method of peak area ratio has the highest accuracy rate and the precise rate for quality evaluation, and similarity coefficient and peak area quantification came next. The result of peak area quantification was similar to that by current evaluation method. Conclusion Different chromatogram fingerprints analysis methods would result in a great difference in the quality evaluation of Chinese herbal medicine.

Objective:To investigate the effects of experimental periodontitis on serum C reactive protein(CRP) and insulin resistance in obese rats.Methods:4 week old SD rats (n=35)were fed with high fat diet for 16 weeks to establish the model of obesity.According to the obesity criteria,5 rats were screened out.According to the proportion of 1:2,10 rats were randomly selected as obese control group,20 obese rats were used for the establishment of the obesity with periodontitis model(combination group) by periodontal ligation using silk thread.4 rats died after ligation.Before periodontal ligation,1 and 4 weeks after periodontal ligation,orbital venous blood were collected for the detection of fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin.Homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) and beta cell function index(HOMA-β) were calculated.The level of serum CRP was examined by ELISA.Results:The level of CRP in the combination group was increased 1 week after periodontal ligation,and then gradually decreased in the following 4 weeks(F=7.773,P=0.004).HOMA-IR in the combination group were higher than that in the obese group(F=-4.691,P=0.000),and beta cell function index was significantly lower(F=3.672,P=0.002) than that in the control group 4 weeks after periodontal ligation.Conclusion:The experimental periodontitis may affect the serum level of CRP in obese rats,aggravate insulin resistance and decrease the function of beta cells in obese rats.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Xileisan temperature-sensitive gels on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in rats with bleeding internal hemorrhoids, so as to provide insights into the illustration of the pathogenesis of internal hemorrhoid hemorrhage. Methods: Thirty six-week-old SPF-graded rats of the SD strain were randomly divided into the normal group, model group and Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group, of 10 rats in each group (half male and half female). Cotton balls were soaked with 0.16 mL of croton oil mixture and then inserted into the anus of rats in the model group and Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group for 10 s. After 6 h when the rectal mucosa tissues presented remarkable swelling, the perianal mucosa was rubbed repeatedly with a rough glass rod until the glass rod was bloody. Following successful modeling, rats in the Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group was given rectal administration of Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel at a dose of 0.5 mL/d, while animals in the normal group and model group were given rectal administration of the blank gel at the same dose. Following administration for 7 successive days, rats were sacrificed, and the hemorrhoids tissues were collected for pathological examinations. The eNOS, VEGF-A and TNF-α expression was determined using immunohistochemistry and compared among groups. Results: Compared with the normal group, the rat hemorrhoids mucosa showed inflammatory changes in the model group, with submucosal congestion and edema, blood vessel congestion and dilation, and visible new blood vessels, and remarkable improvements were seen in the hemorrhoid mucosal inflammation in the Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group. There were significant differences in the integrated option density (IOD) of eNOS and VEGF-A expression in rat hemorrhoids tissues among the three groups (P<0.05), and no gender-specific differences were seen (P>0.05). The IOD values of eNOS (45.84±13.66) and VEGF-A expression (45.89±9.06) were higher in rat hemorrhoids tissues in the model group than in the normal group (23.11±5.64 and 27.91±11.65) and the Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group (27.41±8.89 and 33.44±6.20) (P<0.05), while no significant differences were detected in the IOD of TNF-α expression in rat hemorrhoids tissues among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel may alleviate inflammation and internal hemorrhoids hemorrhage through inhibiting eNOS and VEGF-A expression in rat hemorrhoids tissues.

Abstract Anorectal malignant melanoma (ARMM) is a subtype of malignant melanoma with low incidence and high invasion, and has a poor prognosis due to its hidden location and rapid progression. In terms of pathogenesis, the molecular landscape and potential carcinogenic driver gene characteristics of ARMM are significantly different from those of cutaneous melanoma, manifested by a lower rate of somatic mutations, no ultraviolet exposure-related mutation characteristics, a high incidence of cell structural variation, and high genomic instability. The tumor-driving genomic mutations are mainly KIT, NRAS, and NF1 mutations, and the incidence of SF3B1 mutations is significantly higher than that in other sites of mucosal melanoma. Surgery is still the main treatment for ARMM, while immunotherapy and targeted therapy need further development. This article reviews the characteristics of carcinogenic driver gene mutations and clinical diagnosis and treatment of ARMM, providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of ARMM.

The COI gene as DNA barcode was used to identify the Manis pentadactyla and its adulterants in order to provide a scientific basis for the molecular identification of M. pentadactyla. Genomic DNA was extracted from experimental samples using the DNA extraction kit. The COI genes were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced bi-directionally. Obtained sequences were assembled using the CodonCode Aligner. The neighbor-joining (NJ) tree was constructed by MEGA 6.0. The results indicated that COI sequences were successfully amplified and NJ trees results indicated that M. pentadactyla and its adulterants can be easily identification. Therefore, the COI gene is an efficient barcode for identification of M. pentadactyla and its adulterants,which will provide a new technique for the market supervision.
Animals ; Cattle ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Electron Transport Complex IV ; genetics ; Mammals ; classification ; genetics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control ; Sheep ; Swine

OBJECTIVETo evaluate preliminarily the efficacy on functional constipation treated with electroacupuncture of different acupoint prescriptions.

METHODSOne hundred and four patients were randomized into a front-mu and back-shu points group (19 cases), a he-sea points group (34 cases), a he-sea, front-mu and back-shu points group (26 cases) and a western medication control group (25 cases). In the front-mu and back-shu points group, electroacupuncture was applied at bilateral Tianshu (ST 25) and Dachangshu (BL 25). In the he-sea points group, electroacupuncture was applied at bilateral Quchi (LI 11) and Shangjuxu (ST 37). In the he-sea, front-mu and back-shu points group, electroacupuncture was applied at unilateral Tianshu (ST 25), Dachangshu (BL 25), Quchi (LI 11) and Shangjuxu (ST 37). In the three groups above, the treatment was given 5 times a week in the first two weeks and 3 times a week in the next two weeks. In the western medication control group, mosapride citrate tablets were prescribed for oral administration, 1 table (5 mg) each time, 3 times a day, continuously for 4 weeks. The period of research was 9 weeks, including 1 week for baseline evaluation, 4 weeks for treatment and 4 weeks for follow-up. The weekly defecation frequency was taken as primary index, while the defecation difficulty and life quality score were taken as the secondary indices for the efficacy evaluation after treatment and in follow-up.

RESULTSAccording to the intention-to-treat (ITT) analytic principle, 104 cases were all enrolled in the final analysis. (1) After treatment, the weekly frequency of defecation was all increased significantly in the four groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The efficacy of the three electroacupuncture groups was similar to that of western medication control group (P > 0.05). In follow-up, the increasing effect on the weekly frequency of defecation was maintained in the he-sea points group (P < 0.01), superior to the front-mu and back-shu points group and the western medication control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); the weekly frequency of defecation was not improved in the rest three groups (P > 0.05). (2) After treatment, defecation difficulty was relieved in the he-sea points group, the he-sea, front-mu and back-shu points group and the western medication control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In follow-up, the improvements were still significant in the he-sea points group and the he-sea, front-mu and back-shu points group (both P < 0.01). (3) After treatment, the life quality score was significantly improved in the patients of the he-sea points group (P < 0.05). The difference was not significant in the rest three groups as compared with that before treatment (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe weekly frequency of defecation is increased effectively after treatment in the three electroacupuncture groups and the efficacy is similar to mosapride citrate tablets. The bilateral Quchi (LI 11) and Shangjuxu (ST 37) in he-sea acupoints increase significantly the weekly frequency of defecation, relieve defecation difficulty and improve life quality. Acupuncture efficacy is sustained for 4 weeks. This acupoints prescription is the best in the treatment of functional constipation.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Constipation ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Defecation ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of periodontal treatment on the clinical response, systemic inflammatory parameters, and metabolic control of type 2 diabetes patients with moderate to severe periodontitis.

METHODSA total of 56 patients with mean clinical attachment level (CAL)>3 mm were included in the subgroup analysis. A repeated-measures ANOVA (group factor: treatment group and control group; time factor: initial visit, 1.5, 3, and 6 months) was used to analyze the probing depth (PD), CAL, bleeding on probing (BOP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting plasma glucose.

RESULTSSignificantly lower PD (F=62.898, P-0.000), CAL (F=51.263, P-0.000), BOP (F=75.164, P=0.000), hsCRP (F=6.391, P=0.010), HbA1c(F=4.536, P=0.011), and fasting plasma glucose level (F= 3.073, P=0.031) were observed after therapeutic periodontal improvement. The inter-group differences for PD (t=-2.050, P=0.045), BOP (t=-4.538, P=0.000), and hsCRP (t=-2.261, P=0.028) were statistically significant after therapy.

CONCLUSIONNon-surgical periodontal treatment can effectively improve periodontal status, circulating inflammatory status, and metabolic control of diabetic patients with moderate to severe periodontitis.

C-Reactive Protein ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Humans ; Periodontitis

Langerhans cell tumor is a kind of tumor that originates from Langerhans cells (LC) and maintain their specific phenotype profile and ultrastructural features. Based on cell morphology, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characteristics, Langerhans cell tumor has two main subcategories: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS). LCH is a benign clonal proliferative disease of the LC, whereas LCS is an extremely rare neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans cells with overtly malignant cytologic features and spreads aggressively, which is considered to be a high level malignant type of LCH. Both LCH and LCS can involved various tissues and organs and have complex and diverse clinical manifestation, which cause different severity. The diagnosis depends on histopathological morphology and immunohistochemistry; the electron microscopy was used to assists diagnosis when necessary. The treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, etc, but lack of generally accepted optimal treatment options currently, individualized treatment is needed. The prognosis of LCH is primarily related to the number of damaged organ, while LCS has a poor overall prognosis as its invasion and rapid progress. This article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of both LCH and LCS.
Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans

Objective To investigate the expression of the ternary complex factor Net in human pancreatic carcinoma cell line BxPC3 and its effect on cell proliferation and the expression of c-fos.Methods pEGFP-Net prokaryotic expression plasmid and empty vector pEGFP were transfed into BxPC3 cens by using lipofectamine 2000,then monoclonal cell which stably expressing Net was established.Human pancreatic carcinoma cells proliferation was detected by MTT and flow cytometry.The tuRNA and protein expression of Net and c-fos in BxPC3 cells were detected by real.time PCR and Western blot.Results Net was low expressed in BxPC3 cells.After pEGFP-Net transfection,Net wag stably expressed and the expression of c-fos was inhibited,cell proliferation was also inhibited after pEGFP-Net transfection,the inhibitory rates at the 3rd, 5th,7th day was 38.81%,55.34%and 56.92%respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the empty vector group(5.09%,12.42%,8.6%,P<0.05).G_0/G_1 phase cell was(61.79±5.67)%,which were significantly higher than(45.14±3.37)%in the empty vector group(P<0.05).Conclusions The ternary complex factor Net could inhibit pancreatic carcinoma cell line BxPC3 proliferation.Its mechanism was possibly repressing expression of oncogene c-fos.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of periodontitis on the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in pancreas of rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Methods:Spontaneously type 2 diabetic OLETF rats were randomly divided into 2 groups:diabetes with or without periodontitis(diabetes group and combination group).LETO rats with the same germline and the same age but having normal glucose tolerance were randomly divided into control group and periodontitis group.20 weeks after periodontitis were established,all the rats were sacrificed and the pancreas were pathologically examined by HE staining.The expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in the pancreas islet were detected by immunohistochemistry staining and semi-quantitative analysis.Results:The expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in the pancreas islet was no significant difference between control and periodontitis groups(P=0.324,P=0.091,P=0.852).Compared with diabetes group,the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 in combination group showed a significant increase(P=0.000,P=0.000),and the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased(P=0.022).Conclusion:Under healthy conditions,periodontitis has no effect on the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in rat pancreas islet.However,in rats with diabe-tes,periodontitis may affect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in pancreas islet.