Objective To investigate the temporal activation of p38MAPK signaling transduction cascade,and the relationship between the activation and reactive oxygen species(ROS)in a well-defined experimental model of water-immersion restraint(WIR)stress-induced gastric mucosa ulceration.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group,WIR group and tempol treated group.Animals were restrained and immersed in water bath to induce gastric mucosal lesions,with or without pretreatment with the free radical scavenger,tempol,and the WIR group animals were killed at different time points after WIR stress.Tempol treated animals underwent the same protocol followed 30min or 360min of stress,then the gastric mucosa was harvested,and the activity of gastric mucosal p38 was analyzed by Western blot.Malondialdehyde(MDA)activity and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression were detected.Results A rapid activation of p38MAPK in gastric mucosa occurred as early as 15 min after stress,and this activation was maximal after 90min of stress and still persisted until 360min after stress.Pretreatment with tempol prevented stress-induced p38MAPK activation at 30 min and 360min time points(0.77?0.24 and 0.58?0.12,respectively)compared with that in model groups(1.22?0.16 and 1.73?0.09,respectively,P

Objective To explore the clinical value of combined detection of serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG),estradiol (E2),progesterone (P) and antiphospholipid antibodies (ACA) in predicting the outcomes of early threatened abortion.Methods 80 pregnant women were chosen from six to eight weeks singleton pregnancies,50 cases of threatened abortion and 30 cases of normal pregnancy.The serum levels of β-HCG,estradiol,progesterone and ACA-IgG,ACA-IgM and ACA-IgA were detected.The threatened abortion patients were given intramuscular progesterone 20 mg/day/time for 1 week,then,the pregnancy outcomes were analyzed and the serum levels of β-HCG,estradiol and progesterone were explored.Results The serum β-HCG,estradiol and progesterone of the threatened abortion group [(5 140.77 ± 2 365.47) IU/L,(680.28 ± 306.06) pg/mL,(15.59 ± 3.65) pg/L]were lower than those of the normal pregnant women [(14 520.4 ± 11 016.24) IU/L,(1 142.81 ± 670.57) pg/mL,(27.6 ± 4.78) pg/L] (t =3.224,P =0.003 ; t =2.43,P =0.022 ; t =7.72,P =0.001).According to pregnancy outcome,patients with threatened miscarriages were divided into the two groups,including 45 patients with continuing pregnancies and 5 patients with inevitable miscarriages.The serum levels of β-HCG,estradiol and progesterone in ongoing pregnancies group [(10 829.42 ± 6 926.28) IU/L,(832.9 ± 397.91) pg/mL,(25.62 ± 4.51) pg/L] were higher than those in inevitable miscarriages [(6 310.14 ± 2 593.19) IU/L,(487.14 ± 275.47) pg/mL,(13.6 ±4.84) pg/L] (P ＜ 0.05) ;The serum levels of ACA-IgG,ACA-IgM and ACA-IgA in 80 cases tested,only 2 cases who appeared in the threatened abortion group were detected with the positive of serum ACA-IgG,accounted for 4％ (2/50) (x2 =68.05,P =0.000),occurred spontaneous abortion in the end.Conclusion Combined detection of serum ACA,β-HCG,estradiol and progesterone may be helpful for prognosis of threatened abortion.However,the clinical predictive value of ACA needs further study in the early threatened abortion.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) com-plicated by noncirrhotic portal hypertention (NCPH),and improve the recognition of NCPH.Methods Clinical data from SLE complicated by NCPH in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed and summarized,while the related literatures were reviewed.Results Four patients diagnosed as SLE complicated by NCPH were all women.NCPH presented with the clinical features of portal hypertension with normal or slightly elevated transaminase.Anticardiolipin (ACL) antibodies were positive in 2 patients.Two patients underwent liver needle biopsy,showing nodular regenerative hyperplasia,of which,one with liver portal fibrosis.The treatment strategy was managing the primary disorder and controling of portal hypertention in four patients.Twenty-two cases of SLE complicated by NCPH were reviewed and analyzed,including 18 cases from related literatures and our 4 cases.Among the 22 cases,the mean time between the diagnosis of SLE and NCPH was eight years,of which one patient with NCPH before SLE,one diagnosed at the same time and the rest with NCPH after SLE.19％ (4/21) of patients presented with Raynaud's phenomenon and 18％ (4/22) complicated by pulmonary hypertension.In serological tests,patients presented with positive ACL anti-bodies [33％(7/21)] and anti-dsDNA [48％(10/21)],as well as increased IgG and γ-Globulin [38％(8/21)].Liver needle biopsy showed nodular regenerative hyperplasia or liver portal fibrosis with the prevalence of 80％ (16/20) and 25％ (5/20),respectively.Conclusion SLE complicated by NCPH is very rare clinically and is easily being misdiagnosed without obvious symptoms and signs in the early stage.Positive ACL antibodies and Raynaud's phenomenon maybe be closely related to SLE complicated by NCPH.

Purpose To investigate the expression of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 in prostate cancer ( PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH) , and to analyze their correlation with clinicopathological parameters of PCa. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to de-tect Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 protein in 45 cases of PCa and 60 cases of BPH. Results The positive rate of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 in PCa tissues was significantly lower than that in BPH (P<0. 05). The expression of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 was not correlated with the age of patients and distant metastasis (P>0. 05), but it was correlated with the pathological grade and clinical stage of PCa (P<0. 05). Conclusion Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 are lowly expressed in PCa. There is positive correlation between the expression of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 (rs =0. 645, P<0. 01). Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 might be correlated with the carcinogenesis and development of PCa.

Objective To develop a motor rehabilitation system based on Kinect somatosensory interaction technology to be used in families.Methods The Kinect skeleton real-time tracking technique was applied to develop three motor rehabilitation protocols to instruct patients in how to perform rehabilitation training and to evaluate their performance.Results Five subjects participated in the experiment.They achieved average scores of 79.15 ±4.89 and 98.89±0.67 for 3D movement and arm lifting respectively.In the pose recognition experiment,their average recognition rate was 90.37 ± 5.21％.Conclusion The proposed rehabilitation system can instruct patients in performing training exercises and evaluate their performance at home.

Objective To investigate the early diagnostic and the prognostic value of amplitude integrated e-lectroencephalography(aEEG)in neonates with hypoxic - ischemic encephalopathy( HIE). Methods The medical data subjects were admitted to the Department of Neonatology,Children's Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2012 to December 2013. Ninety term infants with HIE were divided into 3 groups(mild,moderate and severe),and they were investigated respectively by aEEG monitoring within 12 hours after birth,and all of the infants accepted cranial magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)on 3 to 7 days after birth. The outcomes by MRI were divided into 3 groups(mildly abnor-mal,moderately abnormal and severely abnormal). The findings of aEEG monitoring were divided into 3 groups(nor-mal,mildly abnormal and severely abnormal),the correlation between the findings of aEEG and the severity of HIE was analyzed. The correlation between the results of aEEG and severity of MRI were analyzed. Behavior evaluation of infants with HIE were applied by Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment(NBNA)score on 7 d,14 d,28 d after birth and prognostic evaluation of children with HIE was conducted based on Children's Development Center of China infants intelligence development test at 12 months of age. Results (1)Among 90 term infants with HIE,44 cases(48. 9% ) had mild HIE,29 cases(32. 2% )moderate and 17 cases(18. 9% )severe HIE;49 cases(54. 4% )had mildly ab-normal MRI,23 cases(25. 6% )moderately abnormal MRI and 18 cases(20. 0% )severely abnormal MRI;43 cases (47. 8% )had normal aEEG,25 cases(27. 8% )mildly abnormal and 22 cases(24. 4% )severely abnormal aEEG. (2)The findings of aEEG classification were correlated with the severity of HIE(r = 0. 970 7,P ﹤ 0. 001). The findings of aEEG classification were correlated with the severity of MRI(r = 0. 933 5,P ﹤ 0. 001).(3)NBNA score with severe-ly abnormal aEEG was obviously lower than that with the mildly abnormal aEEG. NBNA score on 7 d after birth:(14. 1 ± 4. 2)scores vs(32. 2 ± 2. 3)scores,on 14 d after birth:(17. 8 ± 5. 6)scores vs(33. 4 ± 2. 1)scores,on 28 d after birth:(18. 9 ± 8. 4)scores vs(34. 6 ± 2. 6)scores,and the difference was statistically significant(all P ﹤0. 05).(4)The infants with HIE were followed at 12 months of age. The development quotient mental development in-dex(MDI)and psychomotor development index(PDI)with severely abnormal aEEG were obviously lower than that with the mildly abnormal aEEG[MDI(65. 1 ± 4. 1)scores vs(89. 1 ± 6. 7)scores,PDI(67. 5 ± 10. 1)scores vs(90. 7 ± 8. 3)scores],the difference was statistically significant(all P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusion It is indicated that aEEG can early evaluate the severity of HIE and help predict its neurological outcome.

Objective To study the risk factor of postoperative acute lung injury(ALI)after liver transplantation.Methods The clinical data of I00 patients with end-stage liver diseases who re- ceived liver transplantations were retrospectively reviewed.The risk factors of postoperative ALI after liver transplantation were analyzed by using single variance analysis and multiple variance regression analysis.Results Thirteen patients(13 %,13/11t0)altogether were diagnosed as ALI after liver transplantation.Binary logistic analysis revealed that massive transfusion during operation(more than 5000 ml)and severity of reperfusion injury(ALT above 600 U/L)were two independent risk factors of postoperative ALI following liver transplantation.Massive transfusion significantly increased the risk of ALI by 12.7 times,whereas the severe reperfusion significantly increased the risk of ALI by 7.0 times.Conclusions ALl is a serious multifactoral complication after liver transplantation with high mortality and fatality.Massive transfusion and the severe reperfusion injury are two independent risk factors with high morbidity and mortality.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of mind-refreshing and orifice-opening needling method plus swallowing disorder therapeutic apparatus for deglutition disorder of stroke patients in convalescence stage.Methods:A total of 136 patients conforming to the inclusion criteria were randomized into three groups by the random number table,including group A of 46 cases,group B of 44 cases and group C of 46 cases.Patients in group A received swallowing disorder therapeutic apparatus treatment,patients in group B received mind-refreshing and orifice-opening needling method treatment,and patients in group C received mind-refreshing and orifice-opening needling method plus swallowing disorder therapeutic apparatus treatment.The treatment was given once a day for 10 d as a course,the whole treatment lasted for 4 courses.Therapeutic evaluation items including water-swallowing test (WST),standardized swallowing assessment (SSA) and modified Barthel index (MBI) were measured before treatment,after treatment and at follow-up visit (2 months after treatment).Results:After treatment,scores of WST and MBI in all three groups increased significantly (all P＜0.05),while the SSA score dropped significantly (all P＜0.05).After treatment and during follow-up visit period,score of WST in group C was significantly higher than that in group A and group B (both P＜0.05),while the difference between group A and group B showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05);the SSA score in group C was substantially lower than that in group A and group B (all P＜0.05),the difference between group A and group B showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05);the MBI scores in group B and group C were substantially higher than that in group A (all P＜0.05),the difference between group B and group C showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05).After treatment and during follow-up visit period,the differences in overall therapeutic effect between group A and group B showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05),while the overall therapeutic effect in group C was substantially better than that in group A and group B (all P＜0.05).Conclusion:Both mind-refreshing and orifice-opening needling method and swallowing disorder therapeutic apparatus can alleviate symptoms of deglutition disorder of stroke patients respectively,and the combination of two methods can improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective To observe the effects of electro-acupuncture (EA) on body weight, insulin resistance, hypothalamic agouti gene-related protein (AGRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in diet induced obesity (DIO) rats; To discuss its mechanism for DIO.Methods Fifty SD male rats were randomly divided into low fat diet groups (LFD) and high fat diet group. After the DIO models were established, the successful model rats were randomly divided into model group, EA group and Orlistat (OLST) group. EA was applied to “Zusanli” (ST36) and “Quchi” (LI11) for 20 minutes. The treatment was done once a day for 28 days. OLST was treated with orlistat by gavage. LFD and model did not receive treatment. Body weight was recorded every day. FPG and FINS were detected. The expressions of AGRP and NPY were detected by RT-QPCR. Morphological changes of adipocyte and liver were examined by HE staining.Results The body weight, HOMA-IR, AGRP, NPY and diameter of adipocyte of EA group and OLST group were significantly lower than model group (P<0.05), difference between EA group and OLST group. The states of hepatic steatosis were improved in EA group and OLST group.Conclusion EA has the effects on weight loss by inhibiting the expressions of AGRP and NPY by improving IR.

This study aims to investigate the biotransformation of Epimedium brevicornu flavonoids under the effect of hydrolytic enzymes in vitro. Snailase was mainly used to hydrolyze E. brevicornu flavonoids, and HPLC was used to determine the content of the main flavonoids in E. brevicornu flavonoids. The data results showed that the main known flavonoids included icariin, epimedin A, epi-mendin B and epimendin C, which were completely transformed into baohuoside I, sagittatoside A, sagittatoside B and 2"-O-rhamnosyl-icariside II in 1-2 h, respectively. Their transformed products were continuously hydrolyzed over time. In conclusion, snailase could transform E. brevicornu flavonoids into secondary glycoside or aglycone under 37 degrees C in pH 6.0 HBSS balanced salt solution in 2 h. Moreover, its enzymatic hydrolysates were consistent with intestinal metabolites.
Biotransformation ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Temperature