Adult ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Takayasu Arteritis ; drug therapy

Objective To explore the methods and standards of catastrophic health expenditure for China,and improve the operability in defining those impoverished due to diseases.Methods 600 households with inpatients were randomly sampled from 12 villages of three townships in City M in Hubei province for household survey.Literature review and expert consultation methods were used to measure and determine the threshold of catastrophic health expenditure( CHE) of City M,with improvements made by grouping.Results In a uniform standard,the CHE occurrence of the income method and expenditure method is lower than the non-existence expenditure method and WHO method,verifying theoretically that the standard set for the former should be higher than the latter.In addition,the income method and expenditure method present differently in China.Standards set should vary with different measurement methods,maintaining approximate CEH expenditure for the same region.For the income method and expenditure method,the recommended benchmark reference is 25%,with an adjustable range of 35%~45%.Mutual verifications of these methods can further determine a rational CHE value.Conclusions The CHE methods support the definition of people impoverished due to diseases beyond their household payment capacity.Different thresholds however should be set for different methods,and the relative standards should be translated into absolute standards by grouping.

Objective To realize rapid and non-destructive drug classification and improve the accuracy of drug classification.Methods A model for drug classification based on the combination of principal components analysis and artificial neural network (PCA-ANN) method was introduced.The software for drugs classification was then developed with the utility of MATLAB language.The near infra-red spectrum (NIRS) detection technique was executed on five kinds of drugs (a total of 120 batch samples) and the detection data was collected within the range of 1 350-1 800 nm of excitation wavelength and 0.5 nm of wavelength interval.Results The network training mean square error (MSE) was 5.91e-03,and the prediction error (β) was 2.469％ when the number of the interfering drugs number was less than 5.Conclusions The classification of drugs by NIRS combined with PCA-ANN is feasible and the classification accuracy can be increased.

Objective To observe the effects of different quantities of cake-separated moxibustion on blood cells and immunoglobulin in immunosuppressive rabbits; To study the possible mechanism of quantity-effect difference. Methods Immunosuppressive rabbit model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide. Rabbits were randomly divided into blank group, model group, cake-separated moxibustion 3 Zhuang group, 5 Zhuang group, 7 Zhuang group.Liuwei Dihuang Decoction was used to make herbal-cake, and was put on Shenque (RN8), Guanyuan (RN4), and other acupoints, once for every other day, 10 times in total. Venous blood was taken on the next day after finishing treatment, and the contents of blood cells series and IgG, IgM, complement C3 and complement C4 were detected.Results Compared with blank group, the levels of WBC, NEU, RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT, IgG, IgM, and complement C3 of model group significantly decreased, while the levels of LYM and MONO significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the increase of HCT and IgM in the cake-separated moxibustion 3 Zhuang group was not significant, the levels of WBC, NEU, RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT, IgG, IgM, and complement C3 in all treatment groups significantly increased, and LYM and MONO significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with cake-separated moxibustion 3 Zhuang group, the levels of WBC, IgG, and complement C3 of cake-separated moxibustion 5 Zhuang group significantly increased, and the levels of WBC, HGB and complement C3 of cake-separated moxibustion 7 Zhuang group significantly increased (P<0.01).Conclusion Cake-separated moxibustion can improve the immune function under immunosuppressive state induced by cyclophosphamide, and different quantities have differences in efficacy.

In order to confirm the role that the 49th amino acid residue plays in enzymatic inactivity of Glutamine 49 phospholipase A2(Gln49-PLA2),site-directed mutagenesis of its 49th amino acid gene codon was conducted using PCR.Aspartic acid 49 phospholipase A2(Asp49-PLA2-Q49D-PLA2),the mutant of Gln49-PLA2 was expressed in E.coli with pET32a+ vector.The fusion protein,expressed as inclusion body,after being denatured,was on-column refolded and purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography(IMAC),and then cleaved by Factor Xa.The mature Q49D-PLA2 mutant was obtained by Hitrap SP cation exchange and Superdex 75 gel filtration chromatography,with the recovery rate of 1.3%,and the specific activity of the mature Q49D-PLA2 mutant was 72 U/mg.It has been demonstrated that the 49th glutamine amino acid residue is the main reason in enzymatic inactivity of Gln49-PLA2 and the results are helpful for denatured protein refolding,especially in rich disulfide bonds conditions.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,management and pregnancy outcome in patients with ovarian tumor and ovarian tumor like condition complicated with pregnancy.Methods The clinical data of 248 patients with ovarian tumor and ovarian tumor like condition eomplicated with pregnancy who treated,operated and pathology conducted from January 2003 to December 2009 was analyzed retrospectively.Results Among of 248 patients,8 patients were found by pelrioscopy,184 patients were found by sonography.The rate of ovarian tumor and ovarian tumor like condition during pregnancy was 0.49％ (248/50 652),about 52.82％(131/248)were diagnosed as benign tumor,most of them were ovarian mature teratoma(22.18％,55/248).About 45.56％(113/248)were diagnosed as ovarian tumor like condition,most of them were ovarian chocolatecyst(23.79％,59/248).Four patients(1.61％,4/248)were ovarian malignant tumor.Two hundred and sixteen received operation,term birth was in 164 patients,premature birth was in 19 patients,miscarriage was in 33 patients.Conclusions Pelvioscopy and sonogaraphy are principally important in the diagnosis and detection of ovarian tumor during pregnancy.Pregnancy complicated with ovarian tumor or ovarian tumor like condition should be treated by tumor resection.Suitable surgery intervention during second trimester is safe.

Currently,the toxicity study of traditional Chinese medicine is faced with the following problems. Firstly,the evaluation in vitro cannot fully reflect the true state of the body. Secondly,the traditional method is not sensitive enough to the early toxicity. Lastly,the toxicity evaluation indexes cannot determine whether the compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine produces toxicity or increases toxicity systematically. The paper proposed a synthesized early evaluation research method for target organ toxicity induced by traditional Chinese medicine:screening,validation,optimization and application. This method mainly inoolves early target organ toxicity biomarkers in screening,optimi?zation,validation,biological significance explanation,and application to the traditional Chinese medicine incompatibility based on the metabolic dynamic fingerprint spectrum in order to obtain biomarkers of target organ toxicity that are sensitive and precede conventional biochemical indices for early evaluation . We attempted to analyze the pattern of chang of the biomarkers for animals acted by″18 incompatible medicaments″compatibility combination. We found that Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata with cardiotoxicity were compatible with Rhizoma Pinelliae,and that Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim,Fritillaria,Ampelopsis Radix and Bletilla striata without non-cardiotoxicity produced and increased cardiotoxicity systematically.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of cutaneous branches of reverse second and third dorsal metacarpal artery fasciocutaneous flaps for repair of distal- and middle-segment finger soft tissue defects. MethodsA total of 14 patients with distal- and middle-segment finger soft tissue defects complicated by exposure of the phalanx or tendon were repaired by using cutaneous branches of second and third dorsal metacarpal artery fasciocutaneous flaps ranging between 2.0 cm × 4.5 cm and 3.0 cm × 7.0 cm.ResuitsAll of the skin flaps survived after surgery.Follow-up data during a 6-40 month period showed that the flaps exhibited a satisfactory appearance.They were not fat or clumsy,with a 2-point discrimination of 59 mm,and there was good recovery of finger function.The donor site was able to be directly sutured without dermoplasty.Pigmented linear surgical streaks appeared in the donor site.Conclusion The cutaneous branches of Second and third dorsal metacarpal artery fasciocutaneous flaps provide a good approach for the repair of distal- and middle-segment finger soft tissue defects and functional reconstruction because of convenient dissection,little trauma,sufficient use of the dorsal metacarpal artery.

Objective: To develop ~(99)Tc~m labeled dopamine transporter(DAT) imaging agent ~(99)Tc~m-(2?-[N,N~(,)-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)ethylenediamino]methyl,3?-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane(TRODAT-1) for evaluating changes of DAT in patients with Parkinson disease(PD). Methods: The SD rats were divided into control group(n=5),PD models group(n=22)and generalized cerebral infarction models group(n=5).~() Unilateral smashing and injecting autothrombo into carotid artery of SD rats were used.~(99)Tc~m-TRODAT-1 distributing in normal rat striatum was observed.The uptakes in sound side and smashed side of PD rats striatum and in two sides of multiple infarction rats striatum were compared. Results:~(99)Tc~m-TRODAT-1 distribution in normal rats striatum exhibited a obvious uptake in striatum.And PD rats results exhibited that the uptake was less in normal striatum than in smashed striatum obviously.The result of multiple infarction rats is same as normals rats. Conclusion: ~(99)Tc~m-TRODAT-1 might betaked specificly.Its imaging can provide a beneficial evidence for PD disease early diagnose.

Objective To investigate the anti-atherosclerosis effect of apocynum venetum(AV)by observing the influence of AV extract on early inflammatory factor TNF-αexpression.Methods Human U937 monocytes were differentiated to macrophages by the phorbol myristate acetate(PMA)induction and acted with 100 mg/L ox-LDL to form the foam cells for establishing the early atherosclerosis model(ox-LDL group).The different concentrations(0.2,0.4,0.8 mg/L)of AV were added to co-culture for 48 h (AV1,AV2,AV3 groups).The expression level of TNF-αin the supernate was detected by ELISA and RT-PCR respectively.Re-sults Compared with control group,the expression level of TNF-αin the ox-LDL group was significantly increased,the expression level of TNF-αin various AV medication groups(AV1,AV2,AV3 groups)was significantly decreased compared with the ox-LDL group(P<0.05).The AV concentration increase was negatively correlated with the TNF-αexpression level(P<0.05).Conclusion TNF-αis an important inflammatory factor in early atherosclerosis,AV could play the anti-atherosclerosis role by inhibiting the inflammatory factors.