AIM:To compare the therapeutic effect，adverse reactions and the costs between GM-CSF and G-CSF in treating leucopenia in chemotherapy of cancer.METHODS:Using pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis，GM-CSF was compared with G-CSF in treatment of leucopenia in chemotherapy of cancer.RESULTS:The effective rate of GM-CSF was 80％ with an average cost of 1 008 yuan in a therapeutic course，the cost-effective ratio being12.6，and that of G-CSF was 85.7％ with an average cost of 2 304 yuan，the cost-effective ratio being 26.88.CONCLUSION:GM-CSF can effectively treat leucopenia in chemotherapy of cancer，and its cost-effective ratio ia superior to that of G-CSF.GM-CSF is worthy to be used clinically.

Objective To analyse effects of the serum levels of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) on antithyroid drugs (ATD) treatment in patients with incipient Graves disease (GD). Methods A total of 121 patients with incipient GD, who were used anti thyroid drugs for 12 months, were included in this study. Patients were dvided into two groups:TPOAb negative group (TPOAb≤35 IU/mL, n=49) and TPOAb positive group (TPOAb>35 IU/mL, n=72). According to the degree of TPOAb drops the TPOAb positive group was sub-divided into low level positive group (35 IU/mL1 000 IU/mL, n=20). The ATD total dosage for 12 months and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which returned to normal rate after treatment of 3, 6 and 12 months, were compared between groups. Results ATD total dose was lower in TPOAb positive group (1 743.82±265.38) mg than that of negative group (1 889.18 ±125.51) mg. The ATD total dosages were (1 759.71±230.29) mg, (1 793.75±299.02) mg, (1 731.54± 236.44) mg and (1 710.00 ± 290.73) mg for low level TPOAb positive group, medium level TPOAb positive group, high level TPOAb positive group, and very high level TPOAb positive group respectively. The recovering ratio of TSH was significantly higher in TPOAb positive group than that of TPOAb negative group after 3-month treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion TPOAb positive serum can lead to shorten the course of ATD treatment and reduce the total amount of ATD treatment in GD patients.

Corneal endothelial cell(CEC)is the most critical part for the cornea, of which activity can influence the postoperative vision.It is very important for the clinical cornea preservation considering the function and its self-purification of donor cornea.There are a variety of classical methods, which can significantly prolong the saving time of donor cornea with its good quality of CEC.We reviewed the published papers about present preservation methods of cornea, which can give us many suggestions for the clinical cornea preservation.

Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction/complications* ; Ileus/etiology* ; Abdominal Injuries/complications*

Objective To construct recombinant plasmids containing various functional domains of APC protein and detect their expression in HCT-116 cells. Methods Five APC gene fragments were amplified by PCR with whole APC gene as template and primers designed according to APC cDNA sequence and mutation cluster domain. The five obtained fragments were cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N3 to generate recombinant pEGFP-N3-APC1-5. Sequence of the inserted gene was identified and analyzed after restriction enzyme digestion. Liposome-mediated recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N3-APC was transfected into HCT 116 cells and identified by green fluorescence. RT-PCR was employed to validate the expression of recombinant vectors in cells. Results Recombinant pEGFP-N3-APC1-5 were confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and sequence analysis. The plasmids could be expressed in HCT-116 cell line detected by fluorescence microscope. Results of RT-PCR made clear that vectors constructed could be expressed in HCT-116 cells. Conclusion The relative efficient expression of five recombinant expressive vector in HCT-116 cell line may provide an experimental basis for selecting specific therapy peptide for colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the relationship between abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and outcomes in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods One hundred and seventy MHD patients in the dialysis center of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from June 2014 and October 2014 were enrolled prospectively. Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) was measured using AAC score (AACS) by abdominal lateral plain radiography. According to the AACS, the patients were divided into mild AAC (AACS<5) group and severe AAC (AACS≥5) group for comparison, and Kaplan?Meier analysis was used to compare their survival rates. Multivariable COX regression models were used to determine the risk factors of all?cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in MHD patients. Results Severe AAC (AACS≥5) was present in 28.2%(48/170) patients. The median follow?up duration was 25.6 (22.0, 26.0) months. During the follow?up, 6 patients (4.9%) in AACS<5 group and 14 patients (29.2%) in AACS≥5 group died. Kaplan?Meier analysis showed that patients in AACS≥5 group had higher all?cause mortality rate and cardiovascular disease mortality rate as compared with patients in AACS<5 group (χ2=9.746 ,P=0.002; χ2=9.697 ,P=0.002). Multivariate COX regression analysis demonstrated that high AACS (HR=4.373, 95%CI 1.562?7.246, P=0.005) and hypoproteinemia (HR=0.886, 95%CI 0.797?0.985, P=0.025) were independent risk factors for all?cause mortality, while hypoproteinemia (HR=0.829, 95%CI 0.718?0.956, P=0.010) and low 1,25(OH)D3 (HR=0.769, 95% CI 0.627 ? 0.944, P=0.012) were independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease mortality. Conclusions AAC is significantly associated with overall survival in MHD patients. To further evaluate the relationship between AAC and outcomes in MHD patients, multi?center and long term follow up studies of large sample size are necessary.

Objective To study the urea rebound after hemodialysis in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and its impact factors. Methods From 124 stable MHD patients, blood samples were collected at the beginning, immediate post-hemodialysis, 15 minutes and 30 minutes after hemodialysis. The urea rebound was quantified, and its effect on URR and spKt/V was investigated. The impact factors on urea rebound were analyzed. Results In this group of patients, average post-hemodialytic urea rebound was 13.6%, leading to over-estimation of URR and spKt/V of 0.04 and 0.14, respectively. Hemodialysis efficiency expressed as K/V determined urea rebound most significantly. Other impact factors included higher hemoglobin, higher relative ultrafiltration, arteriovenous access, and male patients. Conclusions Urea rebound is common after the hemodialysis. For specific patients and hemodialysis sessions, ignoring it would result in significant over-estimation of delivered hemodialysis dose.

Objective To explore the mechanisms of integrin β1 on connective tissue growth factor(CTGF)-induced proliferation,migration,change of cytoskeleton of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell(PASMC) in vitro,and to investigate the effects of CTGF-integrin β1 signal pathway on pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Methods Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of SD rats were cultured in vitro.WST-1 assay was used to detect the effects of anti-integrin β1 antibody on CTGF-induced proliferation of PASMC.Transwell chambers were used to observe the effects of anti-integrin β1 antibody on CTGF-induced migration of PASMC.The cytoskeletal rearrangement was observed with coomassie brilliant blue R250 staining and Confocal Lasar Scanning Microscopy (CLSM).Results Different concentration of anti-integrin β1 antibody could inhibit the proliferation of PASMC induced by CTGF,which presents concentration dependent pattern (P ＜ 0.05).The higher the concentration of anti-integrin β1 antibody,the more severity the proliferation of PASMC induced by CTGF was inhibited.and inhibition rate of PASMC proliferation was the highest at 72 hours.Anti-integrin β1 antibody(15 mg/L) decreased significantly the number of PASMC passing through Transwell induced by CTGF,compared with CTGF group (P ＜ 0.01).Meanwhile,antiintegrin β1 antibody could change cytoskeletal rearrangement of PASMC induced by CTGF.Conclusions Integrin β1mediates the proliferation,migration,cytoskeletal rearrangement of PASMC induced by CTGF.The CTGF-integrin β1signal pathway may play a key role in proliferation,migration,cytoskeletal rearrangement PASMC.

Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma soluble CD36 (sCD36) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Plasma levels of sCD36 were determined in normal control group (group A, n=39), patients of T2DM without NAFLD group (group B, n=39) and T2DM with NAFLD group (group C, n=59). Liver fat content (LFC) and nonalcoholic fatty liver fibrosis score (NFS) were calculated in group C. Glucose and lipid metabolic parameters, liver function parameters and inflammatory parameters were also detect?ed in all three groups. Variance analysis was applied to analyze the differences of the above parameters among three groups;Correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sCD36 level and all the above parameters;Multiple step? wise regression analysis was applied to determine the influencing factors of sCD36 level in patients of group C. Results Plasma sCD36 (μg/L) levels in group B (3.87 ± 1.16) and group C (5.72 ± 1.79) are higher than that of group A (2.57 ± 0.93) (both P<0.01), and it is higher in group C than in group B (each P<0.05);Correlation analysis showed that sCD36 level was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist, visceral adipose tissue,fast insulin (FINS), insulin resistance in?dex (HOMA-IR), free fatty acid (FFA), alanine transaminase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), LFC and NFS (P<0.01 or P<0.05);Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that FFA, LFC, TNF-αand IL-6 were in?fluencing factors of sCD36 level in patients of group C. Conclusion Plasma sCD36 level was related to fatty liver severity, liver injury and fatty liver fibrosis, it might be used as a plasma marker of T2DM combined with NAFLD. CD36 might con?tribute to the development of T2DM combined with NAFLD through inflammatory mechanisms.

Objective To assay the plasma omentin level in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and investigate the relationship between plasma omentin level,glucose and lipid metabolism,insulin resistance and NAFLD.Methods The plasma omentin level was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in all subjects,including patients of T2DM controls with NAFLD (group A,50 cases),T2DM without NAFLD (group B,50 cases),simple with NAFLD(group C,51 cases) and normal controls (group D,49 cases).Meanwhile,blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),lipids and insulin levels were also measured.Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio were evaluated.Insulin sensitivity was assessed by HOMA-IR.Results The plasma omentin level was (17.85 ±3.68),(13.89 ±10.68),(26.05 ±7.26) and (22.92 ±2.71)μg/L in group A,B,C and D respectively.The plasma omentin level of group A and group B was significantly lower than that of group C and group D(P ＜ 0.05).The plasma omentin level of group A was higher than that of group B (P ＜ 0.05).The plasma omentin level of group C was higher than that of group D (P＜ 0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the plasma omentin level was negatively correlated to weight,BMI,waist,triglyceride,fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin (FINS) and HOMA-IR (P ＜0.05 or ＜0.01),and positively correlated to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)(P ＜0.01).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that BMI,HOMA-IR and FINS was independent variable of omentin.The concentration of omentin was 24.82 μ g/L which could predict the risk of NAFLD in people with normal glucose regulation.Conclusions The plasma omentin level is closely correlated with glucose,lipid metabolism and insulin resistance.Plasma omentin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of T2DM and NAFLD.