Objective:To investigate the shaping and cleaning ability of Reciproc(RE),OneShape(OS)and ProTaper(PT)in oval-shaped root canal preparation.Methods:The canals of 57 distal roots of mandibular first molars were randomly divided into 3 groups and prepared by RE,OS and PT respectively.The preparation time was recorded.After instrumentation,all root canal walls were examined under SEMand evaluated by scores of debris and smear layer.The 3D data and images of the roots of pre-and post-preparation were con-structed by Micro-CT scanning.Results:Group RE and OS showed lower scores of debris and smear layer than those in group PT at the apical level(P <0.05),and less preparation time (P <0.05).Before and after preparation,the changes of root canal morphological pa-rameters (including volume,surface,area,major diameter and minor diameter)in OS group were less than those in group RE and PT(P<0.05).The changes of canal curvature in group PT was larger than that in group RE and OS (P <0.05).Conclusion:RE and OS are more effective than PT in debridement and faster in root canal preparation.RE and OS can maintain the centering of original canal better than PT in the apical part of the root canal.The shaping ability of OS is weaker than that of RE and PT.

Objective To summarize our experiences of management for hypogastric artery in endovascular repair(EVR) of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm(IAAA).Methods From July,1997 to March,2007,62 cases of IAAAs required special management of the internal iliac artery(IIA) during the EVR.Among them,57 cases were type C AAA who included 35 cases of unilateral common iliac artery(CIA) bifurcations and 22 cases of bilateral iliac bifurcations.The remaining 5 cases involved superior iliac bifurcations.Various techniques including simple coverage by stent-graft,embolization of the IIA trunk combined with stent-graft covering,reconstruction of the IIA and combination of the above techniques were applied according to the different conditions of the IIA involved.Results None of the 62 patients required conversion to surgical repair.Immediate post operational angiography demonstrated type Ⅰ endoleak in 6 cases(9.7%).Claudication due to gluteus ischemia occurred in 5 cases(8.1%),leg numbness in 1 case(1.6%),and severe constipation in 1 case(1.6%),but no buttock and colorectal necrosis was recorded.Conclusion It is important to preserve one of the hypogastric arteries and avoid occlusion of both hypogastric arteries in EVR of IAAA.

Objective:To observe the reliability and clinical implement of flexible ureteroscope combined with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy to treat the kidney stones with a diameter of more than 2cm. Methods:The diagnosed 80 cases of kidney stones (all with a diameter of more than 2cm) patients in our hospital were chosen, randomly divided into two groups, URL group and PCNL group,each of them with 40 cases. Surgical curative effect, operation time, postoperative complications, hospitalization days and the change of NGAL levels and the change of urine levels Kim-1 preoperative and postoperative blood 3 days of two groups were observed and compared. Results: Comparing with the PCNL group, the surgical curative effect, operation time and postoperative complications of the URL group have no significant difference, but the hospitalization days between are significantly different(t=8.433, P<0.05);In terms of NGAL, Kim-1, the postoperative 1d of PCNL group is significantly higher than preoperative, NGAL postoperative 1d of URL group is significantly higher than preoperative (t=3.319, P<0.05). Conclusion:It was reliable that flexible ureteroscope combined with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy to treat the kidney stones with a diameter of more than 2cm, lower complication rate, worthy of clinical.

Proteome research has become a new hot spot in the post-genome era. High-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), which provides the most comprehensive analysis system of the whole proteome, was highly improved in recent years. With the development of computer techniques, the powerful and user-friendly image analysis systems appeared to help high-throughput, large-scale proteomic studies. Using new generation two-dimensional image analysis software, ImageMaster 2D Elite, the 2D gels of proteins extracted from cultured Schwann’s cells were processed. The analysis procedure, including image acquirement, spot detection, match, background subtraction, pI/Mr calibration, analysis results report and database query, were reported and discussed.

Objective To investigate the effect of antimicrobial-impregnated incise drape on preventing surgical site in-fection(SSI)following neurosurgical operation.Methods Patients undergoing neurosurgical operation from January to De-cember 2012 were divided into two groups:antimicrobial-impregnated incise drape group(group A)and general incise drape group(group B).The occurrence of SSI and risk factors for SSI were analyzed.Results Percentage of drape lifting at the wound edge in group A was lower than group B(38.3%[98/256]vs 96.88% [248/256],χ2 =200.57,P <0.01).Among 512 patients,SSI rate was 3.32%(n=17),SSI rate in group A was lower than group B(1.56%[4/256]vs 5.08%[13/256],χ2 = 7.93,P <0.05 ).Multivariate analysis revealed that body mass index ≥24,perioperative hypothermia,smok-ing,perioperative length of hospital stay ≥5 days,and lack of drape use were independent risk factors for SSI following neurosurgical operation.Conclusion Whether antimicrobial-impregnated incise drape is used in neurosurgical operation is one of the independent risk factors for SSI following neurosurgical operation,it can effectively reduce the drape lifting rate and incidence of SSI,and is recommended to be used in neurosurgical operation.

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a tumor associated protein which is able to be a potent anticancer target, since it is highly expressed in a multitude of carcinomas, while it is present in a limited number of normal tissues. This review focuses on its role in tumor physiology, the most recent three dimensional structure features of this enzyme which has recently been elucidated. In addition, we present recent advances in the development of small inhibitors able to target CA IX for therapeutic applications.

Objective　To investigate the prognosis in risk of ventricular arrhythmia in coronary heart disease with heart rate variability (H RV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and other clinical background dat a. Methods　A total of 81 patients were divided into ventricular premature beats (VPBs)≥30/h group and VPBs<30/h group. Their LVEF, HRV and cli nical data were studied and analyzed. Results　The age and blood pressure between 2 groups had no significant difference. LVEF, standard deviati on of all normal RR intervals (SDNN), SD of the average of NN interval (SDANN) a nd HRV triangular index (HRVI) were significant less in VPBs≥30/h group than in VPBs<30/h group (43.29±15.38 vs 67.33±11.47，P＜0.01；90.05±22.2 9 vs 117.90±30.32，P＜0.05；77.43±17.78 vs 105.69±28.79，P＜0.05 ；24.54±8.70 vs 32.70±10.87，P＜0.05, respectively). Incidence of myo cardial infarction (MI) was larger in VPBs≥30/h group than VPBs<30/h group. LVE F was the independent predictable factor in risk of ventricular arrhythmia with multinomial regression logistic analysis（B=0.119, P=0.032）. Co nclusion 　Our findings indicate that LVEF is an independent predictable factor i n risk of ventricular arrhythmia in coronary heart disease. Although HRV and MI history can not be used to predict VPB, significant difference is found between 2 groups. High-risk patients could be selected successfully when these data are considered in combination.

Objective To comparatively study the characteristics of 3 kinds of culture substrates of human odontogenic induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs).Methods The human odontogenic iPSCs were cultured by 3 kinds of substrates:mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEF),matrigel and recombinant human vitronectin(VTN-N).The iPSCs growth situation was compared among three groups.Results The preparation time of these 3 kinds of substrates was 14,3,1 hlespectively,and,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The iPSCs reprogramming time was (30± 1.6),(26 ± 2.1),(27 ± 1.4) d,lespectively,wht that in the MEF group significantly higer than in other two groups (P＜0.05).The reprogramming efficiencies were 0.3 ％ ± 0.03 ％,0.56 ％ ± 0.08 ％,0.7 ％ ± 0.02 ％ respectively (P＜ 0.05).Three kinds of substrate could better support iPSCs growth and make them to maintain un-differentiation status.Conclusion with no heterologous animal components,and the adrantaga of simple pleparation,oonfrollable standard and shorter gramming time is easy to prepare,the standard is controllable and the reprogramming time is shorter,which is an ideal substrate for supporting iPSCs growth.

Objective:To determine the effect of apatinib combined with Xiaoyan decoction for the treatment of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Methods:Thirty-eight patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer were randomly categorized into apatinib group (group A, 18 cases) and apatinib combined with Xiaoyan decoction group (group B, 20 cases). All patients did not under-go surgical treatment, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy during the study. Results:The median progression free survival (mPFS) of ad-vanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer patients reached up to 3 months. The mPFS, objective response rate, and disease control rate of the apatinib combined with Xiaoyan decoction group showed no significant difference and statistical significance (P>0.05). The apatinib combined with Xiaoyan decoction group was superior to the apatinib group with regard to alleviating clinical symp-toms and adverse reactions (P<0.05). Conclusion:Xiaoyan decoction combined with apatinib can improve the clinical symptoms of pa-tients and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment of advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

Sleep disorders are commonly occurred among patients with Parkinson's disease,such as difficulties in the initiation of sleep,fragmented sleep,sleep behavior disorder and excessive daytime sleepiness.The mechanism of sleep disorders associated with Parkinson's disease is not clear,which may be associated with the injury of brain stem,nuclei of median raphe,nuclei fasciculi solitarii,thalamencephalon and the changes of neurotransmitters as dopamine,hypocretin(orexin) and melatonin.This article gives an overview of the mechanism of sleep disorders associated with Parkinson's disease.