0.05).The height and weight of the children with good balancing function were weightier and higher than those of poor function children(Pa

Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of the gap junctional influence on the change in permeability of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)after reperfusion subsequent to cerebral ischemia.Methods In the test laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM)was used to investigate the change of Cx43 levels and distribution.The MCAO/R model was induced using intraluminal suture technique first described by Longa with a little modification.A total of 60 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups:the sham-operation group,control group,octanol-treatment group and DMSO vehicle control group. Control group were further divided into seven subgroups at different time points of reperfusion after middle cerebral artery occlusion.To observe the change in permeability of BBB,Evans blue(EB)in the brain tissue was surveyed by the means of EB fluorescent quantitation.Octanol-treatment group and DMSO vehicle control group were done at the point of the peak of permeability of BBB.Octanol,the specific blocker for gap junctions(GJ)was used in an intervention study.To compare the amount of EB with the same point of groups,the influence of octanol on BBB permeability was investigated.Results At 3 h of reperfusion after cerebral ischemia for 2 h,the permeability of BBB began to increase,reached the peak at 24 h of reperfusion and was still elevated at 72 h.The Cx43 expression formed into bigger plague and remained linear disposition in the penumbra after reperfusion subsequent to cerebral ischemia.Octanol group was done at 24 h of reperfusion after cerebral ischemia.The amount of EB of octanol group((4.924?0.296)?g/g)was significantly lower than that of corresponding operation control group(5.543?0.506)?g/g.Conclusions (1)Cx43 expression is concentrated around vessels in brain.The Cx43 forms into bigger plague and the function maybe strengthens after reperfusion.Gap junction might aggravate the disruption of BBB.(2) Octanol,the specific blocker of gap junctions,could effectively prevent the permeability of BBB from increasing and has a protective effect on BBB.

Objective - ，，，，，- - - To establish a gas chromatographic method for the determination of trans 1 1 1 4 4 4 hexafluoro 2 ［ - （）］ Methods - （） butene HFO 1366mzz E in workplace air. HFO 1366mzz E in air was directly collected with aluminum foil ， ， ， composite plastic bag separated by dimethylpolysiloxane capillary column detected by flame ionization detector and Results - （） - 3， quantified with external standard method. The linear range of HFO 1366mzz E was 6.82 68 200.00 mg/m with the 3， correlation coefficient of 0.999 9. The detection limit and the lower limit of quantitation were 0.59 and 1.98 mg/m respectively. - - - The recovery rate was within 95.45% 103.05%. The relative standard deviation of within batch precision and between batch - - ， precision were 2.26% 5.07% and 4.09% 6.82% respectively. The samples can be stored at room temperature for at least seven Conclusion ， ， days. This method is simple to use with a wide linear range low detection limit high accuracy and precision and - （） good sample stability. It can be used for the detection of HFO 1366mzz E in the air of workplace

"Prescription embodied in Preparation", Chinese medicine preparation, aims to study the specific form of Chinese medicine from raw materials to preparation for acting on patients directly. Its development has gone through three stages according to the characteristics of raw materials pretreatment, including "direct smash and initial extraction for Chinese materia medica", "Extensive extraction and preliminarily impurity for Chinese materia medica" and "Refining and purification for Chinese materia medica". With the development of new technologies and new theories, Chinese medicine preparation emerged in a new stage: structural components of Chinese medicine, with the characteristics of definited material basis, clear mechanisms, determined ADME/T properties, reasonable drug release system designs and scientific productions quality controls. This requires multidisciplinary to solve systemly the problems of Chinese medicine preparation. In this article, we reviewed the development of Chinese medicine preparation in different times, and analyzed the development and the characteristics of Chinese medicine preparation; and mainly focused on a fact that multidisciplinary promoted the study and development of Chinese medicine preparation, especially in structural components of Chinese medicine. It provides development direction and theoretical basis for Chinese medicine preparation.
Materia Medica ; isolation & purification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Technology, Pharmaceutical

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical application of mandibular-driven simultaneous maxillo-mandihular distraction to correct hemifacial microsomia with rapid prototyping technology.

METHODSThe patient' s skull resin model was manufactured with rapid prototyping technology. The osteotomy was designed on skull resin model. According to the preoperative design, the patients underwent Le Fort I osteotomy and mandibular ramus osteotomy. The internal mandible distractor was embedded onto the osteotomy position. The occlusal titanium pin was implanted. Distraction were carried out by mandibular-driven simultaneous maxillo-mandihular distraction 5 days after operation.

RESULTSThe distraction in five patients was complete as designed. No infection and dysosteogenesis happened. The longest distance of distraction was 28 mm, and the shortest distance was 16 mm. The facial asymmetry deformity was significantly improved at the end of distraction. The ocelusal plane of patients obviously improved.

CONCLUSIONSRapid prototyping technology is helpful to design precisely osteotomy before operation. Mandibular-driven simultaneous maxillo-mandibular distraction can correct hemifacial microsomia. It is worth to clinical application.

Face ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Facial Asymmetry ; congenital ; surgery ; Goldenhar Syndrome ; surgery ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Mandible ; surgery ; Maxilla ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Osteotomy, Le Fort

Brain Ischemia ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of tibial bone-skin flap grafts in the management of se- vere traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with bone and skin defect in leg to avoid amputation.Methods From March 1998 to Aug.2004,12 cases of the traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with bone and skin defect in leg were treated with vascularized tibial bone-skin flap graft.The longest flap was 17cm,widethest 10cm, The longest bone flap was 12cm.They were followed up for 0.6 to 5 years.Results All the tibial bone-skin flaps survived completely,2 cases of osteomyelitis recurred.The followed-up,from 0.5 to five years,showed good bone union in all cases,averageing 15 weeks.The infection was under control.The leg function and con- tour were satisfactory.Conclusion The tibial bone-skin flap has the advantages of having distinguished sign of anatomy,highly vascularized,easy to obtain,simply and flexible procedure,improving circulation,short- ens hospitalization and suitable for treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with bone and skin defect in leg.

Objective To observe the role of rosiglitazone in unclipped kidneys of two-kidney- one-clip hypertensive rats and examine its relationship to angiotensinⅡreceptors.Methods Two- kidney-one-clip hypertensive rats were divided randomly into 4 groups as follows:positive control group (CONT),traditional antihypertensive drugs group (TAHD,reserpine 50?g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1), dihydralazine 6.25 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) and hydrochlorothiazide 6.25 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),regular-dose rosiglitazone group (RRGL,rosiglitazone 5 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)),and high-dose rosiglitazone group (HRGL, rosiglitazone 20 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)).Sham operation rats were as negative controls.Each group had 8 rats. Animals were monitored and sacrificed at 10th week.Results Blood systolic pressure in TAHD group and HRGL group was significantly lower than that in CONT group [TAHD(137?27 ) mm Hg and HRGL (143?16) mm Hg vs CONT (191?25 ) mm Hg,P＜0.05],but no significant difference between the former two groups was found.Nor did the blood systolic pressure between RRGL group [(176?18) mm Hg] and CONT group.At 10th week,rats in SHAM group and treated groups had lower urinary urinary protein excretion rate,glomerular injury score and wall-to-lumen ratio of arteriole than those in CONT group [vs CONT urinary protein excretion rate (44.60?17.40) mg/24 h,P＜0.05; vs CONT glomerular injury score 60.85?33.05,P＜0.05;vs CONT wall-to-lumen ratio of arteriole 2.33?1.01,P＜0.01,except TAHD group].Though with the similar level of blood pressure,blood glucose and lipid,HRGL,compared with TAHD group showed lower urinary protein excretion rate [HRGL (16.78?3.50) mg/24 h vs TAHD (27.94?12.79) mg/24 h,P＜0.05],decreased glomerular injury score (HRGL 18.04?7.76 vs TAHD 27.92?6.39,P＜0.05) and wall-to-lumen ratio of arteriole (HRGL 1.75?0.38 vs TAHD 2.16?0.90,P＜0.05) in the cortexes of unclipped right kidneys.The expression of type 1 angiotensinⅡreceptor (AT1R) mRNA was no difference in HRGL group and TAHD group,but the expression of type 2 angiotensinⅡreceptor (AT2R) mRNA was more intensive in HRGL group.Conclusion Rosiglitazone can protect the kidneys from hypertensive injury,especially in high dose.The beneficial effects seem incompletely dependent on the metabolism modulating and reduction of blood pressure,but in relationship to the upregulation of AT2R mRNA.

Investigation was undertaken for the purpose of examining any possible correlation between flocculence of a self-flocculating fusant of Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutant and Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant (called fusant SPSC for short) and the tolerance of this strain to ethanol. When exposed to 18% (V/V) ethanol for 7 h at 30 degrees C, 52%, 37% and 9% of viability levels remained for the cells of fusant SPSC and its two parental strains, Sch. pombe mutant and S. cerevisiae mutant respectively. Analysis of phospholipid fatty acid composition of plasma membrane showed that the content of palmitic acid of each flocculating yeast (fusant SPSC or Sch. pombe mutant) was around 2-fold higher than that of free S. cerevisiae mutant, with remarkably lower contents of palmitoleic and oleic acids than the latter. When 0.1 mol/L sodium citrate was initially included in the medium in which cells of each flocculating yeast were grown, free cells rather than aggregates were finally obtained. Furthermore, the content of palmitic acid in the phospholipid fatty acid composition of the plasma membranes of the free cells of each flocculating yeast was found to decrease significantly, with a marked increase in the contents of palmitoleic and oleic acids. As a result, the characteristics of the phospholipid fatty acid composition of the plasma membranes of the free cells of each flocculating yeast were similar to those of S. cerevisiae mutant. Meanwhile, the disappearance of flocculence of each flocculating yeast caused by the action of sodium citrate brought about a steeply decreased tolerance of the free cells to ethanol, thus being equivalent to that of S. cerevisiae mutant. These data suggest that the stronger ethanol tolerance of each flocculating yeast is related to the higher content of palmitic acid in the phospholipid fatty acid composition of the plasma membranes. Thus, the enhancement by flocculence on the tolerance of yeast cells to ethanol as well as its mechanism are first reported in this work.
Bioreactors ; microbiology ; Carbohydrates ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Drug Tolerance ; Ethanol ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Fatty Acids ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Flocculation ; Phospholipids ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Zea mays ; metabolism

Although alterations in fatty acid composition of phospholipids in plasma membranes had no effect on activities of plasma membrane ATPases of a self-flocculating fusant of Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells grown in the absence of ethanol (basal enzymes), they significantly affected the susceptibilities of the enzymes to in vivo activation induced by ethanol: the maximal values for the activated enzymes in cells pregrown with 0.6 mmol/L palmitic, linoleic or linolenic acid respectively were 3.6, 1.5 and 1.2-fold higher than their respective basal levels (in cells grown without ethanol), whereas the corresponding value for cells pregrown in the absence of fatty acid was 2.3-fold, with the concentrations of ethanol for the above maximal in vivo activation of enzymes being 7%, 6%, 6% and 7% (V/V) respectively. The Km values for ATP, the pH profiles, and the sensitivities to orthovanadate of the basal and the activated plasma membrane ATPases were essentially identical; however, the v(max) values of activated enzymes increased significantly. It was found that the characteristics of phospholipid fatty acid composition of plasma membrane leading to the enhanced ethanol tolerance of this strain, were also efficacious to increase the percentage of activation of plasma membrane ATPase per unit of ethanol. These data support a close correlation between the ethanol tolerance of this strain and the sensitivity of its plasma membrane ATPase to the in vivo ethanol-induced activation.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Cell Membrane ; chemistry ; enzymology ; Enzyme Activation ; Ethanol ; pharmacology ; Fatty Acids ; analysis ; Phospholipids ; analysis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; drug effects ; enzymology ; growth & development ; Schizosaccharomyces ; drug effects ; enzymology ; growth & development