Objective To evaluate the quality of BAC clones for CGH microarrays in the detection of tumors.(Methods Chromosome) preparations were made from peripheral blood of the healthy volunteers in the conventional manner.The locations of BAC(RPCI-11 library and CTC library) within the region of interest were compiled from information archived by the UCSC and the NCBI.Probes were labeled by nick-translation with biotin-16-dUTP or digoxigenin-11-dUTP.Precise localization of each BAC was confirmed using normal metaphase chromosomes by FISH technique.The copy number and molecular organization of the region of 223 BAC clones which were crucial in the development and progression of human cancers were investigated.Results The FISH analysis indicated the normal BAC clones accounted for 81.62% of the total(186/223);the abnormal clones with additional FISH noises accounted for 13.45%(30/223);those with wrong localization pattern was 3.58%(8/223),and those with no bacterial growth was 1.35%(3/223),respectively.Conclusion FISH technique is effective and useful in the identification of BAC clones for array CGH.

Tolylene Diisocyanate (TDI) is the important industrial material in producing polyurethane dope. In recent years, with the development of fitment, polyurethane product was widely used. During the procedure in production and usage, TDI is dissociated from polyurethane production and will pollute indoor air. TDI is highly volatile and can irritate the skin, mucous membranes, eyes, nose and throat. The most common and most serious response occurs in the lungs. Thus, in many countries, the limit for TDI has been established and put into practice, in China the work for establishing limit for TDI in indoor air has been doing also. The character of TDI and harmfulness to human, the limit for TDI in indoor air in China and in the other countries, the measurements to control TDI pollution were reviewed in the present paper

ObjectiveTo investigate rational surgical approaches for Siewert type Ⅰ adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG),and analyze the prognostic factors.MethodsThe clinical data of 103 patients with Siewert type Ⅰ AEG who were admitted to the Renji Hospital from January 2005 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into transthoracic approach group (61 patients) and thoracoabdominal approach group (42 patients).The incidences of numbers of lymph node dissected and postoperative complications of the 2 groups were compared using the chi-square test,Fisher exact probability or the t test.The survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method and the survival was analyzed using the Log-rank test.Prognostic factors were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance and Cox regression model.ResultsNo perioperative death was observed in the 2 groups.There were significant differences in the number of lymph node dissected and number of metastatic lymph node between the 2 groups (t =2.18,2.29,P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in splenic injury between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).There were no significant differences in postoperative bleeding,anastomotic fistula and stricture,esophagogastric reflux,pulmonary infection and esteomyelitis between the 2 groups (x2 =0.07,0.94,0.22,1.41,0.17,P＞0.05).Of the 103 patients,97(94.2％) were followed up.The mean postoperative survival time was 26 months.The median survival time was 26 months,and the 3-yearsurvival rate was 35.9％.The 3-year survival rates of transthoracic approach group and thoracoabdominal approach group were 32.8％ and 40.2％,with no significant difference between the 2 groups ( x2 =0.37,P ＞ 0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed that radical or palliative resection,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis stage,tumor diameter and metastasis rate,degree of radical resection were independent factors influencing the prognosis of patients with Siewert type Ⅰ AEG (x2 =21.07,26.04,22.42,6.26,32.20,20.80,P＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that degree of TNM stage,lymph node metastasis rate and radical resection were independent factors influencing the prognosis of patients ( Wald =12.01,8.75,10.03,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Thoracoabdominal approach is a reasonable selection for patients with Siewert type I AEG.Degree of TNM stage,lymph node metastasis rate and radical resection were independent risk factors influencing the prognosis of patients.

The teaching methods were explored to improve the quality of medical genetic teaching for foreign students according to the common problems during the teaching process. The negative effects of communication barriers in medical genetic teaching could be reduced by interactive teaching or problem-based learning in groups,in which the ability to resolve problems by themselves could be improved. In order to improve the teaching systematicness and teaching quality,the teaching contents in class should be from simple to deep,covering genetic laws,pathogenesis,diagnosis and control measure of genetic diseases. From the perspective of practical application and combining with the construction of self-de-signed teaching textbook and cases, the quality of medical genetic teaching ultimately could be further improved.

Objective To explore the effects of application of laparoscopic simulators in teaching of plastic surgery. Methods 10 plastic surgeons and 20 standardized training surgical residents with 2 to 4 years' experience were tested about their proficiency in moving beans, pinching, suturing and tying by timing and counting. After they were trained with laparoscopic simulators 3, 6, 9 times with each time for 90 min, tests were taken. SPSS 19.0 was used to make single factor variance analysis of the related data or conduct q test. Result There was significant difference before and after the residents' training of moving beans, pinching, suturing and tying (P<0.05). Less time to finish the operation was needed after training, but after training for 6 times or 9 times, there was no significant difference in operation time (P >0.05). Conclusion Application of laparoscopic simulator training can significantly improve the operation skills of the novices with some clinical experience in the short term, which is conducive to the endoscope assisted breast augmentation surgery, and is worthy of promotion.

Objective To compare the pathological and serological difference of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) models in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice transplanted with synovial tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (SCID-HuRAg mice) established either by renal capsule or subcutaneous back heterotopic transplantation. Methods RA synovium and normal human cartilage were co-implanted subcutaneously into the backs or under the renal capsule of 15 SCID mice. Engrafted tissues and serum were taken at the 4th and 8th week after transplantation. Histopathology and ELISA were performed to compare their histological and serological differences with RA. Results The morbidity and taken rate were significantly increased in the subcutaneous back of the mice group than the renal capsule group. The degree of cartilage erosion as well as the titers of serum IgM type rheumatoid factor suggested no significant difference between the two groups of SCID-HuRAg model devel oped by different engraft methods. Conclusion Back subcutaneous transplantation SCID-HuRAg model can be an ideal and stable animal model for studies on the pathogenesis and biotherapy of RA.

Objective To observe the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 mRNA and the change of cerebral edema after diffuse brain injury in rats and discuss their correlation.Methods Marmaruu's diffuse brain injury model of rat was made.Real-time quantitative RT-PCR,dry-wet meth- od,histological techniques and electron microscope were used to determine the expressions of MMP-9 containing water in brain tissue and inflammatory reaction and uhrastructural changes of blood capillary at different time phases after truama.Results The expressions of MMP-9 mRNA started to increase at 1 hour,peaked at 12 hours(P

This study is designed to investigate the effects of chinfloxacin hydrochloride (CFX) on the kinetics of HERG K+ channel. Whole cell patch clamp technique was used to record HERG K+ currents from HEK293 cells transiently transfected with cgi-HERG-GFP plasmids and channel kinetics were assessed in the absence and presence of CFX and moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOX). Results demonstrated that the open state of HERG K+ channel was inhibited by CFX in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 162.1 +/- 14.2 micromol x L(-1), two folds higher than its positive control MOX. But there were no significant effects on channel kinetics. In addition, the inhibitory effect of CFX on HERG was enhanced when cells were subjected to altered extracellular K+ concentration.

Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens from patients with anastomotic fistula infection after esophageal cancer surgery, and provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Patients were admitted to a hospital due to anastomotic fistula after esophageal cancer surgery between January 2012 and December 2015, microbial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results 1 986 patients underwent radical resection of esophageal cancer within 4 years, 148 of whom developed anastomotic fistula, 104 (70.27％) were with positive microbial culture.A total of 197 pathogenic strains were isolated, 52(26.40％)and 145 (73.60％)strains were isolated from intrathoracic anastomotic fistula and cervical anastomotic fistula respectively;127 (64.47％)strains were gram-negative bacteria, the major were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii, 62(31.47％) strains were gram-positive bacteria, the major were Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., and Streptococcus viridans, 8 strains (4.06％) were fungi.49(47.12％) cases were with mixed pathogenic infection.The resistance rates of gram-negative bacteria to imipenem were 17.86％-47.62％, to polymyxin B was 0, resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to other antimicrobial agents were all<50％, Klebsiella pneumoniae to piperacillin and aztreonam were both>70％, Acinetobacter baumannii to most antimicrobial agents were all>50.00％;resistance rates of gram-positive bacteria to clindamycin and tetracycline were both>50.00％, to linezolid, vancomycin, and teicoplanin were all 0, resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin, oxacillin, and ciprofloxacin were all>60％,resistance rate of Enterococcus spp.to quinupristin/dalfopristin was 100.00％.Conclusion Postoperative anastomotic fistula combined with infection can affect the prognosis of patients after esophageal cancer surgery, regular monitoring on distribution and drug resistance of pathogens can provide the basis for initial empirical treatment, and is conducive to the early treatment and rational use of antimicrobial agents.

OBJECTIVETo reveal the transmembrane signal pathway participating in regulating neuron functions of treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) by acupuncture.

METHODSSAMP8 mice was used for AD animal model. The effect of acupuncture method for qi benefiting, blood regulating, health supporting, and root strengthening on the amount and varieties of transmembrane signal proteins from hippocampal lipid rafts in SAMP8 mice was detected using HPLC MS/MS proteomics method.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, acupuncture increased 39 transmembrane signal proteins from hippocampal lipid rafts in SAMP8 mice, of them, 14 belonged to ionophorous protein, 8 to G protein, 8 to transmembrane signal receptor, and 9 to kinase protein. Totally 3 main cell signal pathways were involved, including G-protein-coupled receptors signal, enzyme linked receptor signal, and ion-channel mediated signal. Compared with the sham-acupuncture group, acupuncture resulted in significant increase of kinase signal protein amount. From the aspect of functions, they were dominant in regulating synapse functions relevant to cytoskeleton and secreting neurotransmitters.

CONCLUSIONThe cell biological mechanism for treating AD by acupuncture might be achieved by improving synapse functions and promoting the secretion of neurotransmitters through transmembrane signal transduction, thus improving cognitive function of AD patients.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Male ; Membrane Microdomains ; metabolism ; Mice ; Proteomics ; Signal Transduction ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry