OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Tanshinone capsules on glucose and lipid metabolism and serum sex hormone level in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS:90 female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (distilled water),model group (distilled water),positive control group (metformin 200 mg/kg) and Tanshinone capsules low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups(30,60,90 mg/kg),with 15 rats in each group. Those groups were induced PCOS mod-el except for normal group;after modeling,those groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically for consecutive 28 d,once a day. The ovulation rate was compared before intervention and 28 d after intervention. Body weight,fat wet weight,fasting insulin (FINS),fasting blood-glucose (FPG),AUC of glucose,HOMA-IR,ISI,serum levels of FSH,LH and T were detected. RE-SULTS:Compared with normal group,anovulation,body weight,fat wet weight,FINS,FPG,AUC of glucose,HOMA-IR, FSH,LH and T were all increased significantly in model group,while ISI decreased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with mod-el group,ovulation rate and ISI of positive control group and Tanshinone capsules groups were increased significantly after interven-tion, while body weight (except for Tanshinone capsules low-dose group), fat wet weight (except for Tanshinone capsules low-dose group),FINS,FPG,AUC of glucose,HOMA-IR,FSH,LH and T were all decreased significantly(P<0.05),especial-ly in Tanshinone capsules high-dose group and positive control group. CONCLUSIONS:Tanshinone capsules can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism and serum sex hormone secretion disorder in PCOS rats.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of PEEP set according to pressure-volume (P-V) curve for one lung ventilation (OLV) in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.MethodsOne hundred and twenty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes aged 20-60 yr weighing 40-80 kg undergoing lobectomy under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study.Double lumen tube was inserted.Correct positioning was verified by fiberoptic bronchoscopy.The patients were mechanically ventilated.P-V curve was determined at 3 min of two-lung ventilation (TLV).Lower inflection point (LIP) was measured and the pressure at LIP (PLIP) was recorded.The patients were randomly divided into 5 groups (n ＝ 24 each):control group (group C) and 4 lung protective ventilation regimen groups ( groups P1-4 ).PEEP was set at 0 and VT was set at 10 ml/kg in group C.PEEP was set at 0 and VT was set at 6 ml/kg in group P1.PEEP was set at PLIP- 2 cm H2O and VT was set at 6 ml/kg in group P2.PEEP was set at PLIP and VT was set at 6 ml/kg in group P3.PEEP was set at PLIP + 2 cm H2O and VT was set at 6 ml/kg in group P4.Peak airway pressure (Ppeak),plateau airway pressure (Pplat),airway resistance (Raw) and lung compliance (CL ) were measured and recorded during OLV and TLV after a period of stabilization.Arterial blood samples were taken before induction of anesthesia and at 20 min of TLV and 20 min of OLV for blood gas analysis.Qs/Qt was calculated.Arterial blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of OLV for determination of plasma concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α(by ELISA).ResultsCompared with group C,Ppeak and Pplat were significantly increased while Raw was decreased and plasma IL-6 concentration was significantly decreased at the end of OLV in group P4.PaCO2 was significantly higher during TLV and OLV in groups P1-4 than in group C.There was no significant difference in the parameters of respiratory mechanics,blood gases and plasma IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations among groups P1,2.3.Compared with groups P1,2,3,Ppeak and Pplat were significantly increased while plasma IL-6 concentration was decreased at the end of OLV in group P4.ConclusionMechanical ventilation with VT set at 6ml/kg and PEEP at PLIP + 2 cm H2 O provides best venfilatory efficacy for OLV in terms of oxygenation and inhibition of inflammatory response.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency and clinical value of modular flexible ureteroscope combined with Holmium laser litho-tripsy on the treatment for upper ureteral calculi of solitary kiden. Methods There were 26 cases of upper ureteral calculi of solitary kidney, including 12 cases of left ureter calculi and 14 cases of right ureter calculi. The diameter of the calculi ranged from 0. 6~2. 2 cm, averagely (1. 38 ± 0. 22) cm. F6 double-J tubes were indwelled postoperatively for 4 weeks, and catheters were indwelled postoperatively for one week. Examine with KUB one day after operation to evaluate the effective rate. Results The Ureteral guiding sheath were successfully implanted in 23 cases, 2 cases underwent second lithotripsy after indwelling D-J tubes 2 weeks later, D-J tubes failed to be implanted only in one case, which has changed to percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for ureter stricture. The stone free rates was 88. 5%(23/26)after the first ses-sion,and it was 100%(26/26)at the end of the session. The operation time was 15~45 min, meanly (27 ± 3. 2) min. One patient had ureter perforation during the operation, and one patient had severe infection after operation. Conclusion The modular flexible ureteroscopy com-bined with Holmium laser lithotripsy is an effective and safe treatment, especially for upper ureteral calculi of solitary kideny, and it should be considered as the first choice for solitary kidney calculi.

Objective To evaluate the risk factors of breast cancer in Asian women and to provide evidences for establishing a risk assessment model. Methods Published studies concerning risk factors of breast cancer in Asian women were searched systemically and assessed by NOS (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) items between 1995 and 2010. RevMan 4.2 software was used for data analysis and for calculating OR and its 95%CI on every risk factor. Results 27 studies including 403170 women were selected for Meta-analysis. According to NOS items, 20 studies were classified as A degree and 7 studies were evaluated as B degree. The risk factors of breast cancer and its pooled odds ratio values with statistical significance were as follows: 3.00 (95%CI: 1.68-5.36) when number of abortions≥3; 2.39 (95%CI: 1.78-3.21 ) when with family history of breast cancer; 1.54(95%CI: 1.30-1.82) when age at first live birth ≥30 (year); smoking was 1.50(95%CI: 1.03-2.20); 1.48(95%CI:1.20-1.83) with no live births; 1.29 (95%CI: 1.12-1.47) with no breast feeding; 1.26 (1.07-1.49)with age at menarche ≤12 (year) and 1.16(95%CI: 1.01-1.32) with alcohol drinking. Conclusion Number of abortions≥3, family history of breast cancer, age at first live birth ≥30 (year) ,smoking, no live births, no breast feeding, age at menarche ≤ 12 (year), and alcohol drinking were among the priorities in the establishment of breast cancer risk assessment model for Asian women.

Objective To discuss the risk factors attributing intracranial infection following brain injury operation. Methods Difference factors between intracranial infection group and non-infection group following brain injury operations were compared by retrospective analysis. Results Involved in the study were 770 cases in non-infective group and 142 cases (15.6%) in infective group, with the types of infection including nonbacterial meningitis, bacterial meningitis, cerebral ventriclitis and ventrical pus accumulation, cerebral abscess, subdural pus accumulation, subcutaneous or/and subskull flap pus accumulation or osteomyelitis, and incision infections. The rate of bacterial detection was 27.5%.Postoperative infections following brain injury surgery were related to hotter weather, advanced age of patients, severity of traumatic state, multiple operations in short time, successive or double-lateral craniotomies, long-time (＞5 h) operation, microsurgery, operation on skull base or postfossa, cerebral ventricle draining, subcutaneous or epidural hydrops, and emergency operation(P＜0.05). Conclusion It should be given more attention and prophylactic treatments for the brain injury with infective risk factors mentioned above.

Our previous study revealed that spaceflight induced biological changes in human cervical carcinoma Caski cells. Here, we report that 48A9 cells, which were subcloned from Caski cells, experienced significant growth suppression and exhibited low tumorigenic ability after spaceflight. To further understand the potential mechanism at the transcriptional level, we compared gene expression between 48A9 cells and ground control Caski cells with suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and reverse Northern blotting methods, and analyzed the relative gene network and molecular functions with the Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) program. We found 5 genes, SUB1, SGEF, MALAT-1, MYL6, and MT-CO2, to be up-regulated and identified 3 new cDNAs, termed B4, B5, and C4, in 48A9 cells. In addition, we also identified the two most significant gene networks to indicate the function of these genes using the IPA program. To our knowledge, our results show for the first time that spaceflight can reduce the growth of tumor cells, and we also provide a new model for oncogenesis study.
Blotting, Northern ; methods ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Library ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Space Flight ; Up-Regulation ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

OBJECTIVESTo study and analyze the clinical factors contributing to the failure of primary posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction and to guide our clinical treatment.

METHODSFrom November 2001 to May 2007, 8 patients underwent PCL reconstruction revision because of pathological instability after primary PCL reconstruction. And the clinical failure factors of the primary reconstruction were analyzed.

RESULTSOne case was reconstructed with bone-patellar tendon-bone (B-T-B) autografts, 7 cases with hamstring tendon autograft. The most probable causes of failure were improper graft placement in 7 cases (both femoral bone tunnels were behind the predicted one and tibial tunnels were in front of the predicted one). The reconstructed PCL in 4 cases ruptured absolutely and had been absorbed. Three cases had obviously loosen but still partly linked reconstructed ligament. These 8 cases all received primary PCL revision reconstruction. Among them, 6 cases were reconstructed with autograft (using a single-bundle quadruple hamstring graft in 3 cases, double-bundle quadruple hamstring graft in 1 case, single-bundle B-T-B autograft in 2 case), and 2 cases were reconstructed with allograft (using a single-bundle and a double-bundle B-T-B allograft reconstruction).

CONCLUSIONSIncorrect bone tunnel placement is the major factor contributing to the surgical failure in many reasons for the failure of PCL reconstruction. So, it might be suggested that there is a great need for a more precise anatomical bone tunnel placement.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Reoperation ; statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Failure ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the treatment efficiency and mechanism of recombinant adenoviral vector carrying LRIG1 gene driven by Survivin promoter for bladder cancer.

METHODSHuman bladder cancer cell line BIU87 and immortalized human bladder epithelial cells SV-HUC-1 were infected with Ad-Surp-LRIG1 and Ad-LRIG, respectively. The selective infection efficiency of Ad-Surp-LRIG1 and Ad-LRIG were evaluated by checking the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The MTT method was used to test cell growth inhibition ratio of Ad-Surp-LRIG1 and Ad-LRIG. Heterotransplanted models of human bladder cancer cell line BIU87 cells in nude mice were established. The mice were randomly divided into 3 groups during the experiment: Ad-Surp-LRIG1 group received viral supernatant solution of Ad-Surp-LRIG1 by tail vein injection; Ad-LRIG group received viral supernatant solution of Ad-LRIG by tail vein injection; and PBS group received phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The growth of tumors were observed and the growth curve was mapped. The expression of LRIG1 and EGFR were examined by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR).

RESULTSWhen Multiplicity of infection was 25, the transfection efficiency of Ad-Surp-LRIG1 was 74.56% in BIU87 cells and 0 in SV-HUC-1 cells (χ² = 58.640, P = 0.000), while the transfection efficiency of Ad-LRIG was 68.27% in BIU87 cells and 72.52% in SV-HUC-1 cells (χ² = 0.075, P = 0.784). The transfection efficiency difference of Ad-Surp-LRIG1 and Ad-LRIG in BIU87 cells was not statistically significant (χ² = 0.016, P = 0.898). Compared with PBS, Ad-Surp-LRIG1 and Ad-LRIG1 could inhibit BIU87 cell growth, the difference was significant in 4 days after transfection (F = 15.960, P = 0.000). There was not significant difference in cell growth rate of Ad-Surp-LRIG1 group and Ad-LRIG1 group. The tumor growth rate in Ad-Surp-LRIG1 group was slower than that in the other 2 groups. The tumor quality in Ad-Surp-LRIG1 was lighter than that in the other two groups, the differences were statistically significant (F = 97.860, P = 0.000), the quality difference in Ad-LRIG1 group and PBS group was not statistically significant difference (t = 1.73, P = 0.06). Compared with Ad-LRIG1 group and PBS group, the mRNA expression of LRIG1 was obviously up-regulated and that of EGFR was down-regulated in Ad-Surp-LRIG1 group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe recombinant adenoviral vector of Ad-Surp-LRIG1 could selectively transfected BIU87 cells, which could inhibit significantly the growth of bladder cancer in vivo and in vitro, the mechanism may be partly LRIG1 can downgrade the expression of EGFR.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; genetics ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

We identified a novel gene ST13 from a subtractive cDNA library of normal intestinal mucosa in 1993, more studies showed that ST13 was a co-chaperone of Hsp70s. Recently we detected the ST13 gene expression in tumor tissue and adjacent normal tissue of the same colorectal cancer patient and investigated if the ST13 gene expression might have any prognostic value. Analysis was performed at molecular level by reverse transcription-PCR using real-time detection method. We measured two genes simultaneously, ST13 as the target gene and glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as a reference gene, in primary colorectal tumor specimens and tumor-adjacent normal mucosa specimens from 50 colorectal cancer patients. The expression levels of the ST13 gene were significantly decreased in primary tumors compared with adjacent mucosa (P<0.05). But there were no significant differences in the expression of ST13 as compared with different Dukes' stage, tumor differentiation grade, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and disease-specific survival.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carrier Proteins ; metabolism ; China ; epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; mortality ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Risk Assessment ; methods ; Risk Factors ; Survival Analysis ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo separate and identify the chemical constituents of Blumea riparia.

METHODThe compounds were separated and purified by repeated silica gel, Sephadex LH -20 column chromatographiy. The structures of these compounds isolated were identified by analysis of their spectral data, physical and chemical properties.

RESULTSix flavonoids were isolated from B. riparia. and their structures were identified as eriodictyol-7, 4'-dimethyl ether (1), eriodictyol-7, 3'-dimethyl ether (2), eriodictyol-7-methyl ether (3), quercetin-7, 3', 4'-trimethyl ether (4), tamarixetin (5), rhamnocitrin (6).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1-6 were obtained from B. riparia for the first time.

Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy