Adipocytes ; cytology ; Cell Line ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; drug effects ; Humans ; Melatonin ; pharmacology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism

This review article compared the antiviral therapies recommended by major international and national guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)issued by American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver,Chinese Society of Hepatology & Chinese Society of Infectious Diseases,China Medical Association,and World Health Organization in 2015. The essentials and highlights of guidelines were compared,focusing on goals of therapy,indications of therapy,choices of drugs,endpoints and duration of therapy, management of treatment failure,treatment of CHB in pregnancy.

Aim To provide scientific evidence for clinical drug combination by exploring the analgesic effect of aspirin combined with Kv7 channel openers, retigabine and flupirtine. Methods The mice were randomly divided into control group, aspirin group, flupirtine group, retigabine group, aspirin + flupirtine group and aspirin + retigabine group. To assess the antinociceptive effects of each group, the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test and the hot-plate test were used. Results In the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test, compared to aspirin group, the amount of abdominal constriction in aspirin + flupirtine group was significantly reduced (P <0.01). The latent period of abdominal constriction in aspirin + retigabine group was significantly prolonged ( P < 0. 01) and the number of abdominal constriction was significantly reduced (P < 0. 01). In the hot-plate test, compared to aspirin group, the increment percentage of latent period in aspirin + flupirtine group and aspirin + retigabine group showed an increased trend. Among them, the increment percentage of latent period 30 and 60 minutes after injections in aspirin + retigabine group had a significant difference from that in aspirin group (P <0. 05). Conclusion Kv7 channel openers, retigabine and flupirtine, can enhance the analgesic effect of aspirin.

Objective:To explore the protective effect of sodium channels antagonists HOE642 on lung ischemia reperfusion and the role of the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) signaling pathway in this process.Methods:A total of 36 mice were randomly divided into a sham operation group (SHAM group),a lung ischemia reperfusion group (I/R group) and a lung ischemia reperfusion+HOE642 group (HOE group).The water content was detected by electronic scales,and the lung tissue pathological changes were observed under optical microscope.The inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α were examined by ELISA.The intracellular calcium fluorescence intensity was examined and observed under fluorescence microscope,and the protein expression of p38MAPK was detected by Western blot.Results:Lung water content in the HOE group was lower than that in the I/R group,but higher than that in the SHAM group (both P＜0.05).Lung interstitial edema,hemorrhage,lung tissue inflammatory cells infiltration were significantly alleviated in the HOE group than those in the I/R group,while the injury in the HOE group was aggravated than those in the SHAM group (both P＜0.05).T he IL-6 and TNF-α in lung tissues in the HOE group were lower than those in the I/R group,but higher than those in the SHAM group (both P＜0.05).Intracellular calcium fluorescence intensity in the HOE group was lower than that in the I/R group,but higher than that in the SHAM group (both P＜0.05).The protein expression of p38MAPK in lung tissues in the HOE group was lower than that in the I/R group,but higher than that in the SHAM group (both P＜0.05).Conclusion:HOE642 may exert protective effect on pulmonary I/R injury through regulation of the p38MAPK signaling pathway,resulting in reduction of intracellular calcium ion concentration and calcium overload,and decrease of inflammatory response.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of related substances in Methylphenidate hydrochloride for injection. METHODS:HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Waters symmetry C18 column with mo-bile phase consisted of methanol-0.01 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution(60:40,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm,the column temperature was 35 ℃ and sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS:The linear range of impurity A and B were 0.02-3.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998). The limits of quantitation were 0.2,0.6 ng,and the limits of detec-tion were 0.06,0.2 ng,respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility were all lower than 2.0%;recoveries were 98.2%-100.0%(RSD=0.56%,n=9),98.0%-100.3%(RSD=0.70%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is sim-ple,accurate and suitable for the determination of related substance in Methylphenidate hydrochloride for injection.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the lipid accumulation product index (LAP) and the risk of carotid atherosclerosis in different gender groups.Methods:The data of 2 740 employees of Dalian municipal government and institutions, including 1 583 males and 1 157 females, who had underwent physical examination in Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University from January to June 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The general data, laboratory indexes and carotid ultrasound data of the population were collected, and the body mass index (BMI) and LAP value were calculated. According to carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), the subjects were divided into carotid atherosclerosis group (IMT ≥ 1.0 mm) and carotid normal group (IMT<1.0 mm). The clinical indicators between the two groups were compared. Independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis were analyzed by binary Logistic regression, and the cutoff point for predicting carotid atherosclerosis by LAP was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The age, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), LAP, BMI, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), systemic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in the male and female population carotid atherosclerosis groups were significantly higher than those in the normal group ( P<0.05). The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting age, BMI, HC, WC, smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes, TC and LDL-C, the risk of carotid arteriosclerosis still increased 1.316 times with each quartile interval of LAP in women ( OR= 1.316, 95% CI 1.063 to 1.629, P = 0.012). In men, after adjusting for these factors, the independent effect of LAP on the risk of carotid atherosclerosis disappeared. In women, the area under curve (AUC) of LAP in predicting carotid atherosclerosis was 0.713, significantly higher than that of BMI (AUC 0.614) and WC (AUC 0.654), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). But there was no significant difference among the three indexes in the male population in predicting carotid atherosclerosis. According to ROC curve, the best cut-off value of LAP for predicting carotid atherosclerosis was 32.13 cm·mmol/L in men and 33.70 cm·mmol/L in women. Conclusions:LAP is an independent risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis in female population, and its predictive ability for carotid atherosclerosis is higher than that of body mass index and waist circumference. LAP ≥ 33.70 cm·mmol/L can be used as the best cut-off value for screening carotid atherosclerosis in female population.

Tibetan ancient literature is an important foundation for the development of Tibetan medicine and clinical research. The essential features and advantages of inheritance and development of Tibetan medicine play an ines-timable role. Jing-Zhu Materia Medica is by far the most important Tibetan medicine monograph. This book is rich in content, national characteristics, featured prominent plateau, which is practical in the clinical application. This ar-ticle analyzed the literature value and academic characteristics of Jing-Zhu Materia Medica from the drug classifi-cation, medicinal processing method, and comparison between Tibetan medicine and Chinese medicine. It promoted the analysis of ancient Tibetan medicine literatures to provide references for the scientific research, medical practice and application development of Tibetan medicine.

Humans ; Incisor ; Tooth Apex ; abnormalities

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of ulinastatin on perioperative renal function in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation.MethodsSixty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes aged 35-64 yr weighing 50-75 kg with normal blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) before operation undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n ＝ 30 each):control group (group C) and ulinastatin group ( group U).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,fentanyl,etomidate and vecuronium and maintained with isoflurane inhalation,propofol TCI,continuous remifentanil infusion and intermittent iv boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium.The patients were tracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated.PET CO2 was maintained at 30-35 mm Hg.Ulinastatin 400 000 IU in normal saline 20 ml was infused iv after induction of anesthesia.Ulinastatin 200 000 IU was then infused every 4 h until 48 h after operation.Urine volume and the amount of furosemide administered were recorded before anhepatic phase,and during anhepatic and neohepatic phase.Venous blood samples and urine were collected before induction of anesthesia (T1),at 15 min of anhepatic phase ( T2 ),at 15min of neohepatic phase (T3),at the end of operation (T4) and 48 h after operation (T5) for determination of serum concentrations of BUN,Cr and creatinine clearance rate and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG)activity and microalbumin concentration.ResultsCompared with group C,ulinastatin significantly decreased the amount of furosemide administered and increased urine volume during anhepatic and neohepatic phase,decreased serum Cr concentration,increased creatinine clearance rate at T2.5,decreased urinary NAG activity and microalbumin concentration at T4.5 and serum BUN concentration at T3-s.ConclusionUlinastatin has protective effect on rehal function during perioperative period in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation.

Objective To examine the application value of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr)for diagnosing iron deficiency in premenopausal women.Methods The levels of CHr,hemoglobin (Hb), mean cellular volume(MCV),red cell distribution width (RDW) were measured on the ADVIA 120 (Bayer Diagnostics) automated hematology analyzer.Transferrin saturation (TS) and ferritin (SF) were measured on chemistry analyzer.Results CHr in iron deficiency without anemia group were significantly lower than that in the healthy control group (P＜0.01)and significantly higher than that in iron deficiency anemia group(P＜0.01).CHr in anemia of chronic disease group were significantly higher than that in iron deficiency anemia group(P＜0.01).Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis in diagnosis of iron dificiency without anemia demonstrated that the area under the curve for CHr,SF,RDW,MCV,Hb were 0.872,0.798,0.721,0.713,0.677,respectively (P＜0.01).So CHr has a better overall sensitivity than SF,Hb,MCV and RDW in the diagnosis of iron deficiency without anemia.ROC also showed that the area under the curve for Hb,RDW,CHr,SF and MCV was 1.000,0.969,0.958,0.953 and 0.926,respectively (P＜0.01) in iron deficiency anemia.Conclusion CHr is the early and sensitive predictor of iron deficiency in premenopausal women,especially for the diagnosis of iron deficiency without anemia.