Objective To investigate the changes in serum leptin and adiponectin levels and their significance in patients with chronic hepa-titis B virus (HBV)infection.Methods One hundred and twenty -five patients with chronic HBV infection (44 HBeAg -positive cases, 31 HBeAg -negative cases of chronic hepatitis B,23 chronic HBV carriers,and 27 inactive HBsAg carriers)were recruited in the present study.Fifty -five healthy people served as the control group.Blood samples were collected at 8 to 9 AMof the next morning after overnight fasting.Blood glucose,blood lipids,renal and liver function parameters,fasting insulin,serum HBV markers,and HBV DNA concentration were determined,and HOMA -IR was calculated.Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin were measured by ELISA.Continuous data were expressed as mean ±SD,and Student′s t -test,analysis of variance,linear regression analysis,and multiple regression analysis were ap-plied in the analysis of all experimental data.Results There were no significant differences in serum levels of leptin and adiponectin be-tween patients with chronic HBV infection and the control group (P =0.480;P =0.321),even after stratification by gender (males:P =0.210 /0.895;females:P =0.404 /0.066).After patients with chronic HBV infection were divided into subgroups by HBeAg status,HBV DNA,or ALT level,there were no significant differences in serum levels of leptin and adiponectin between groups (leptin:P =0.820 /0.296 /0.212;adiponectin:P =0.268 /0.760 /0.224).Conclusion For patients with chronic HBV infection,infection status and viral replication level are not significantly correlated with serum levels of leptin and adiponectin.

Objective To understand the status of the improper avademic behavior in medical journal,and to explore the prevention measures.Methods Total of 1 321 article in Zhongguo Yishi Jinxiu Zazhi were included in this study.Similarity detection system of Wanfang data and Google and baidu search engine were used to duplicate checking.The suspected existence of contributions for the improper avademic behavior,to check the whole paper of relevant original manuscript,and analyzed the characteristics of improper avademic behavior.Results One hundred and forty-five improper avademic behavior were found in 1 321 articles,accounted for 11.0％.The similarity of 58 paper were higer than 50.00％,accounted for 40.0％.Among them,the similarity of 10 papers were more than 90.00％,8 papers were 80.00％-89.99％,12 papers were 70.00％-79.99％,13 papers were 60.00％-69.99％,15 papers were 50.00％-59.99％,13 papers were 40.00％-49.99％,accounted for 9.0％,24 papers were 30.00％-39.99％,accounted for 16.6％,50 papers were 20.00％-29.99％,accounted for 34.5％.In 145 papers,copying accounted for 35.2％ (51/145),data forge or tamper accounted for 28.3％(41/145),breach of medical ethics and academic moral accounted for 28.3％ (41/145),fraud accounted for 6.9％ (10/145),a draft cast more accounted for 1.4％ (2/145).Original articles in the clinic were 92 papers,accounted for 63.4％;case reports were 28 papers,accounted for 19.3％;review were 25 papers,accounted for 17.2％.76 papers with a single author,accounted for 52.4％;38 papers with two authors,accounted for 26.2％,31 papers with more than three authors,accounted for 21.4％.Conclusions Contributions of suspected improper avademic behavior ratio is higher,and have certin characteristic.Medical journal editors should strengthen the responsibility consciousness,improve the ability to identify misconduct papers.

Objective Toinvestigate the effect ofPBLmethod in the pediatrics'nurse teaching.Methods PBL teaching was practiced in trial group,while LBL teaching was practiced in control group.The writers made an analysis of this teaching by way of questionnaire and exam.Results Many students by PBL teaching accept PBL teaching,and improve their self-study ability,understanding ability,analyzing ability and so on.Conclusion PBL teaching method can effectively promote both the teaching quality in pediatric nursing and the students'study interest.

Objective:To prepare and optimize sorafenib-Eudragit RS nanoparticles( S-E üPs)and investigate the physicochemi-cal properties. Methods:S-E üPs were prepared by a solvent-nonsolvent method. Single factor experiments were used to research the effect of solvent,stabilizer type,carrier ratio and the proportions of water phase and organic phase on the physicochemical properties of S-E üPs. S-E üPs were evaluated by the particle size,zeta potential and morphology,and the in vitro drug release of S-E üPs was studied using dialysis technology. Results:The mean size was(86. 72 ± 3. 71)nm,the PDI and zeta potential was(0. 20 ± 0. 032)and (36. 6 ± 0. 3)mV,respectively,S-E üPs showed spherical shape with uniform distribution. The drug release in vitro was accorded with a Weibull equation. Conclusion:The solvent-nonsolvent method is appropriate for the preparation of S-E üPs. The nanoparticles have small particle size,uniform distribution,regular morphology and significant sustained-release property.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the self‐management and cognitive situation of the patients with gestational diabetes melli‐tus (GDM) dietary and to discuss the influence of individualized diet intervention on patients .Methods Forty‐one pregnant women diagnosed with GDM were selected as the research objects .logistic regression analysis was used as well as questionnaire to evaluate the influence factors of comprehensive evaluation of the follow diet control ,detecting the 2 h plasma glucose(2 h PG) ,hemoglobin (HbAlc) ,total cholesterol (TC) ,three acyl glycerin (TG) change in value after individualized nutritional intervention ,which were compared with pre‐intervention index .Results (1)90 .2% of diet cognitive received diet educators ,26 .8% of the patients thought only diet and exercise therapy could effectively control blood sugar .Patients got 2 .4% correct overall about questions about food and 85 .4% patients followed diet .(2)Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of GDM patients following di‐et were age ,BMI ,cultural degree ,receiving diet education ,self monitoring of blood sugar ,regular review to the hospital regularly . (3) After the intervention(41 cases) ,the level of 2 h PG ,HbAlc ,TC ,TG of 38 cases were significantly lower than before ,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Individualized diet intervention treatment in GDM patients shows obvious effect .

Adenosine receptors (AR) play an important role in the regulation processes for body temperature and vigilance states. During our previous studies, we noticed that aminophylline (a non-selective, blood-brain-barrier penetrably AR antagonist) could attenuate the effects of YZG-330 [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2-(hydroxymethyl-5-(6-(((R)-1-phenylpropyl)amino)-9H-purin-9-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3, 4-diol] on lowering the body temperature. Hereby, we focused ourselves on the character of thermal regulation effect of YZG-330 in mice and tried to specify the receptor subtype via giving typical adenosine receptor antagonists. The results showed that both of the magnitude and lasting time of the effect that YZG-330 played on decreasing body temperature are in a dose-dependent manner: within the next 3 hour after intragastric administration (ig) of 0.25, 1 or 4 mg . kg-1 YZG-330, the extreme values on body temperature decreasing were (1.2 ± 0.3) °C, (3.6 ± 0.4) °C (P<0.001) and (7.4±0.5) °C (P<0.001), separately; whereas the duration that body temperature below 34 °C were 0, (10±5) and (153±4) min, separately. Adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) antagonist (DPCPX) could effectively reverse YZG-330's effect on decreasing body temperature, with intraperitoneal administration of DPCPX (5 mg . kg-1) 20 min prior than YZG-330 (4 mg.kg-1, ig), the extreme value on body temperature decreasing was (3.5 ± 0.7) °C (P<0.001), the duration that body temperature below 34 °C was (8±6) min (P<0.001). However, adenosine A2a receptor antagonist, SCH-58261, did not show any influence on the effects of YZG-330 at all. Combined with the fact that 8-SPT (a non-selective, blood-brain-barrier impenetrably AR antagonist) did not reverse the effect of YZG-330, we come to the conclusion that central-adenosine A, receptor plays a significant role on the thermal regulation effect of YZG-330.

OBJECTIVETo explore the possible pain mechanism of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).

METHODSThe models of CP/CPPS were established in male Wistar rats by the autoimmune method. The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was detected using Von Frey filament. The expressions of the substance P and c-fos in the prostate and spinal L5-S2 segments were determined by immunohistochemistry followed by analysis of their correlation with CP/CPPS.

RESULTSCompared with the control rats, the CP/CPPS models showed significantly decreased PWT (P < 0.05), remarkable prostatic inflammation, enlarged scope of lesions, and obvious interstitial lymphocytic infiltration (P < 0.05). Both the expressions of substance P and c-fos were markedly elevated in the prostate and spinal dorsal horn (L5-S2) of the rat models (P < 0.05), but the expression of substance P in the prostate exhibited no correlation with that in the spinal cord (r = 0.099, P = 0.338), nor did that of c-fos (r = 0.027, P = 0.454).

CONCLUSIONThe upregulated expressions of substance P and c-fos in the spinal cord L5-S2 sections may be associated with the pain mechanism of CP/CPPS.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Pelvic Pain ; etiology ; metabolism ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatitis ; complications ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Substance P ; metabolism ; Syndrome ; Up-Regulation

Objective To provide references for building the medical rehabilitation system in China by learning the progress and compliance of rehabilitation departments construction at tertiary hospitals. Methods Comparative and quantitative methods were used for dynamic analysis qualitative interview to learn the index compliance of the hospitals in question in 201 1-2012.Results Compared with 201 1, average days of stay of the rehabilitation departments declined in general,yet with insufficient therapists;introduction of early rehabilitation intervention was but 57.1%,and the functional assessment rate of rehabilitation service was less than satisfactory.Conclusion Lack of manpower,varying levels of medical rehabilitation services,and neglect for functional assessment were found to be the main problems in construction of medical rehabilitation departments for the time being.

Objective To evaluate the guiding values of different lung compressed forms in the choice of the treat?ment of spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods Based on lung compressed forms on anterior-posterior chest X-ray , a total of 219 spontaneous pneumothorax patients were divided into the periphery shape group (n=127) and irregular shape group (n=92). We observe the relationship between lung compressed form with the times of previous closed thoracic drainage,the cure rate of closed chest drain at the 7th day,length that closed thoracic drainage cure pneumothorax and the incidences of the surgical pleural adhesion. Results We found that the incidence of irregular lung compression in 0, 1 and 2 times of re?ceiving previous drainage were 11.71%(13/111), 57.89%(22/57) and 90.19%(46/51) respectively. Its incidence increased with the times of previous closed chest drain (χ2=96.339, P<0.01). In total, 94 patients (85 of which were cured until the 7th day) and 30 patients (11 of which were cured until the 7th day) were cured using close chest drain in peripheral shape and ir?regular shape group. And the 7th day cure rate is lower in irregular group than that in the peripheral shape. [36.7%(11/30) vs 90.4%(85/94),χ2=37.596, P<0.01]. What’s more, patients in irregular group need longer time to cure pneumothorax than patients in peripheral shape did [d:10.1±4.87 vs 4.00±2.07, t=9.806, P<0.01]. Among the 95 patients who underwent surgi?cal treatment in both groups, the incidence of pleural adhesion is higher in irregular shape group than that in peripheral shape group [91.9%(57/62)vs18.2%(6/33),χ2=52.445, P<0.01]. Conclusion The 7th day cure rate in patients with pe?ripheral shape lung compressed form is higher than patients in irregular lung compressed form using closed chest drain with fewer incidence of pleural adhesion and shorter cure time. Those with irregular lung compression is more appropriate for sur?gical treatment.