Objective: To study the difference in tooth profile among Chinese,Caucasian and Japanese with normal occlusion.Methods: The data of the measurments of Chinese,Caucasian and Japanese with normal occlusion were collected from published studies.Crown angulation,crown inclination and crown convex were used in the comparation among the peoples. Results: Tooth profile in Chinese was significantly different from that of Caucasian but was similar to that of Japanese. Conclusion: The orthodontic appliances should be modified when we use the straight wire appliances that is suitable for Caucasian and Japanese.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of peroxisome proliferator activating receptor γagonist-rosiglitazone on HMGB1 expression in liver tissue of rats with SAP. Method A hundred and twenty Wistar rats were randomly (random number) divided into the sham operation group(SO group, n = 20) ,SAP group ( n=80) and ROSI treatment group (n =20). SAP group were randomly further divided into the 3 h, 6h, 12 h and 24h subgroups with 20 rats in each group. SAP model was made by retrograde injection of 5 % sodium deoxycholate into the biliopancreatic duct. The serum amylase, AST and ALT, and pathological scores of pancreas and liver tissue were observed. The expression of NF-κB mRNA and the level of HMGB1 protein were investigated respectively by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Westem blot method, respectively. SPSS 16.0software was used to make one-way ANOVA, q -test and correlation analysis. Results Serum amylase, AST and ALT, and pathological scores of pancreas and liver tissue, and the level of HMGB1 protein were markedly increased in each subgroup of SAP compared with SO group ( P ＜ 0.01). The level of HMGB1 protein was positively correlated with the changes of AST, ALT and pathological scores of pancreas and liver tissue. Correlation was not found between HMGB1 and amylase. Treatment with ROSI could significantly reduce the expression of NF-κB mR-NA and the levels of HMGB1 protein, serum AMY, AST and ALT, and pathological scores of pancreas and liver tissue in comparison with 24 h subgroup of SAP (P ＜0.01). Conclusions As a late-acting mediator of inflammation, HMGB1 was involved in the pathophysiological process of SAP-related liver injury. ROSI can reduce the liver injury by inhibition of the expression of the HMGB1.

Pancreaticcarcinomarepresents a fatal malignancy with a high mortality rate and without specific early symptoms. When pancreatic tumor is clinically suspected, it usually has come to an advanced stage, which making early diagnosis especially important. Over the last several years, many investigations have focused on relevant biomarkers during early stages of pancreatic tumor, including those in tumor tissues, body fluids and stools. This paper reviews the current application of tumor markers in early diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasm.

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors for myopia among primary and secondary school students in Suzhou, so as to provide basis for myopia prevention and control. Methods: The students in Grade 4-12 were recruited by stratified cluster random sampling method. Gender, grade, parents＇ myopia history, outdoor activity time and video display terminal time were collected through the questionnaire of National Surveillance Program of Influencing Factors for Common Diseases and Health in Students. Uncorrected visual acuity and cycloplegic refraction were tested. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore myopia-related factors. Results: A total of 990 questionnaires were distributed, and 882 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective rate of 89.09%. The prevalence rate of myopia was 78.23% ( 690 cases ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that females ( OR=1.703, 95%CI: 1.173-2.474 ) , middle school students ( OR:5.597-11.949, 95%CI: 3.573-28.349 ) , both parents＇myopia ( OR=2.445, 95%CI: 1.597-3.742 ) , video display terminal time over 3 hours per day ( OR=2.026, 95%CI: 1.235-3.325 ) were risk factors for myopia; outdoor activity time over 2 hours per day ( OR: 0.493-0.510, 95%CI: 0.273-0.943 ) was a protective factor for myopia. Conclusion The prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Suzhou is 78.23%. Gender, grade, parents＇ myopia history, outdoor activity time and video display terminal time are influencing factors for myopia.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hypertension among primary and middle school students living in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, so as to provide insights into comprehensive hypertension control among children and adolescents. Methods: Primary and middle school students at ages of 7 to 17 years were recruited for a questionnaire survey in Suzhou City using the stratified cluster random sampling method from September to December, 2020, and the height and body weight were measured. Blood pressure was measured at three separate clinic visits according to the national criteria Reference of Screening for Elevated Blood Pressure among Children and Adolescents Aged 7-18 Years ( WS/T 610-2018 ), and the detection of elevated blood pressure was estimated at three separate visits. In addition, factors affecting elevated blood pressure were identified. Results: A total of 3 713 students were enrolled, including 1 924 boys ( 51.82% ) and 1 789 girls ( 48.18% ). The detection of elevated blood pressure was 13.63%, 5.36%, and 3.37% at three separate visits, respectively, and the prevalence of hypertension ( elevated blood pressure at all three visits ) was 3.37%. The detection rates of elevated blood pressure were all higher at three visits ( 16.90%, 8.40%, and 5.26% ) among students at ages of 12 to 17 years than among students at ages of 7 to 11 years ( 9.65%, 1.67%, and 1.07%, P<0.05 ). The detection of elevated blood pressure was significantly higher in boys ( 15.23% ) than in girls (11.91%) at the first visit ( P<0.05 ), while no significant differences were seen at the second or third visit ( P>0.05 ). In addition, higher detection rates of elevated blood pressure were seen in obese ( 27.62%, 11.51%, and 7.06% ) and overweight students ( 17.45%, 6.95%, and 4.85% ) than in students with normal weight ( 9.44%, 3.54%, and 2.15% ) at all three visits, and greater detection rates of elevated blood pressure were found in obese students than in overweight students at the first and second visits ( P<0.017 ). Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension was 3.37% based on three separate visits among primary and middle school students in Suzhou City. Measurement of blood pressure at three separate visits within different days is effective to reduce the false positive rate of hypertension and decrease misdiagnosis among children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVEThe present study is concerning qualitative and quantitative detection of Poria cocos quality based on FT-near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics.

METHODThe Poria cocos polysaccharides contents were determined by UV. Transmission mode was used in the collection of NIR spectral samples. The pretreatment method was first derivation and vector normalization. Then principal component analysis (PCA) was used to build classification model and partial least square (PLS) to build the calibration model.

RESULTThe results showed that conventional criteria such as the R, root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) are 0.944 0, 0.072 1 and 0.076 2, respectively. The misclassified sample is 0 using the qualitative model built by PCA.

CONCLUSIONThe prediction models based on NIR have a better performance with high precision, good stability and adaptability and can be used to predict the polysaccharose content of Poria cocos rapidly, which can provide a fast approach to discriminate the different parts of Poria cocos.

Fungal Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Poria ; chemistry ; Principal Component Analysis ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods

Abstract: Objective　To master the condition of cockroach population distribution, seasonal dynamics, cockroach density for different habitat, and to provide a basis for developing cockroach control strategies. Methods　Six types of surveillance sites, including residential areas, hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, hospitals and farm product markets, were set up in 14 cities in Liaoning to monitor cockroaches using the sticky-trap method. The cockroach surveillance data from vector surveillance sites in fourteen cities of Liaoning Province in 2021 were collected and statistically analyzed using Excel 2010 and SPSS 23.0 software. The density and species composition of cockroaches were analyzed, and the density difference and seasonal dynamics trend of cockroaches in different habitats were compared. Results　A total of 3 031 cockroaches were captured in 2021, of which Blattella germanica accounted for 94.66% (2 869/3 031) and was the dominant population. The total density of cockroaches was 0.230 0 cockroaches per sheet (3 031/13 234) and the total infestation rate of cockroaches was 5.59% (562/10 052). The density and infestation rate of cockroaches in different habitats were in the order of farm product markets, restaurants, and hotels and the difference in infestation rate between habitats was statistically significant (χ2=168.327, P<0.05). The seasonal dynamics trend of cockroach density and disoperation rate showed a unimodal curve, and the peaks were distributed in July. The seasonal dynamics of cockroach density and disoperation rate in different habitats showed a unimodal curve in the habitats of farm product markets, supermarkets, hotels, hospitals and residential areas all, while the habitats of restaurants were close to a double peak curve. Conclusions　B. germanica is the dominant species of cockroaches in Liaoning Province in 2021. Compared with 2020 the density and disoperation rate of cockroach in 2021 showed a slight downward trend, and the seasonal dynamics trend of cockroach density and disoperation rate showed a unimodal curve. The farm product markets are the key places for cockroach prevention and control. According to the seasonal fluctuation trends in cockroach density and infestation rate in different habitats, comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken before the peak periods to reduce cockroach density and control diseases.

AIMTo develop a HPLC-ESI-MS assay for determination of eperisone hydrochloride in human plasma and investigate the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two eperisone hydrochloride tablets in human.

METHODSBuflomedil hydrochloride was used as the internal standard. After alkalized with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, plasma was extracted with diethylether-cyclohexane (1:1) and separated using HPLC on a reversed-phase C18 column with a mobile phase of 10 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate buffer solution (adjusted to pH 3.88 with acetic acid)-methanol (20:80). HPLC-ESI-MS was performed in the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode using target ions at m/z 260 for eperisone and m/z 308 for the internal standard. A randomized crossover design was performed in 20 healthy volunteers. In the two study periods, a single 100 mg dose of each tablet was administered to each volunteer.

RESULTSCalibration curve was linear over the range of 0.02-20 microg x L(-1). The limit of quantification for eperisone hydrochloride in plasma was 0.02 microg x L(-1). The main pharmacokinetics parameters T1/2, Tmax and Cmax were (2.7 +/- 0.4) h, (1.1 +/- 0.5) h and (2.8 +/- 2.8) microg x L(-1) for the reference tablet; (2.8 +/- 0.5) h, (1.1 +/- 0.4) h and (3 +/- 4) microg x L(-1) for the test tablet, respectively. The relative bioavalability of the test tablet was (101 +/- 13)%.

CONCLUSIONThe assay was proved to be sensitive, accurate and convenient. The two formulations were bioequivalent.

Adult ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Humans ; Male ; Propiophenones ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tablets ; Therapeutic Equivalency

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of estrogen receptors in the human periodontal ligament fibroblasts in vitro.

METHODSHuman periodontal ligament fibroblasts were cultured in vitro. The estrogen receptors (ER)-alpha, ER-beta were detected with immunocytochemistry staining; The mRNA of ER-alpha, ER-beta were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; The expression of ER-alpha, ER-beta protein were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSThe mRNA and protein expression of two subtype of ER were observed on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF). The intensity of the ER-beta bands were stronger than those of ER-alpha, indicating that ER-beta expression in HPLF was higher.

CONCLUSIONSER may play an important role in the function of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

Adolescent ; Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor beta ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Periodontal Ligament ; cytology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of ursolic acid(UA)and oleanolic acid(OA) in Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.,and the quantitative determination the UA and OA contents in the different Z. clinopodioides plant samples collected with various parts of the plant at different times,from different regions of Xinjiang,China. Methods Dual wave?length scanning method was used for the quantification of UA and OA spots on a silica gel G plate in the TLC analysis. The samples loaded on the silica gel G plate were in situ treated with the 1%iodine solution in dichloromethane,and then the plate was developed using cyclohexane,cyclohexane-chloroform-ethyl acetate-formic acid(20:5:8:0.1)as the developing solvent. In the dual wavelength scanning,the measurement wavelength was 530 nm and the reference wavelength was 700 nm. Results The UA and OA spots in samples were well separated on the TLC plate and could be simultaneously quantified by the present method. The average contents of UA and OA in Z. clinopodioides plant samples from 18 different areas were(1.84 ± 0.41)and(2.82 ± 0.89)mg/g,respectively. The contents of UA and OA in the plant increased from late spring to early summer and then decreased thereafter. As to the different parts of the plant,the contents of UA and OA were highest in leaves and lowest in stems. Conclusion The method is simple,fast and accu?rate. The present results provided basic data for further evaluation of the quality of Z. clinopodioides resources.