Objective To study the effectiveness of comprehensive control measures based on systematic ecological system construction to interrupt the transmission of schistosomiasis in hilly endemic regions in Sichuan Province ,so as to provide the ev?idence for adjustment of schistosomiasis prevention and control strategies. Methods A high endemic area of schistosomiasis, Panao Township of Dongpo District in Meishan City,was selected as a demonstration area. The comprehensive measures for schistosomiasis control with focus on systematic ecological management were implemented,and the income of residents,index?es of schistosomiasis control effect and so on were investigated before and after the intervention and the results were compared. Results The project based on systematic ecological system construction started in 2009 and 317.351 million Yuan was put into the construction. The construction included economic forest plant base(1 866.68 hm2,72.66%of the total farmland areas),eco?logical protection gardens(585.35 hm2)and so on. Totally 97.04% of historical areas with Oncomelania hupensis snails were comprehensively improved. In 2015,the peasants' pure income per capita increased 4 938 Yuan,with the average annual growth rate of 14.69%. All the farm cattle were replaced by the machine. The benefit rate of water improvement was increased by 52.84%and the coverage rate of harmless toilets increased by 18.30%. The positive rate of serological tests for schistosomiasis decreased from 7.69%to 3.50%,and the positive rate of parasitological tests decreased from 1.18%to 0. The area with snails was decreased from 23.33 hm2 to 0. The awareness rate of schistosomiasis control knowledge and correct behavior rate of the resi? dents increased from 85.50%and 82.60%to 95.70%and 93.90%respectively. Conclusions The comprehensive schistosomia?sis control measures based on systematic ecological management are conform to the currently actual schistosomiasis prevention and control work in hilly endemic regions,and have good ecological economic benefit and schistosomiasis control effectiveness, which provide an effectively new model of prevention and control for advancing process,consolidating the effect,finally realiz?ing goal of interruption and elimination of schistosomiasis in hilly endemic regions.

Acute Disease ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Phylogeny ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Respirovirus ; genetics

Objective To investigate the mechanism of acute inflammatory response and tissue repair when rats accepted transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups which included the normal group (n=10),the model severe acute pancreatitis group (n=10),the transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group (n =10),and the combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) group (n=10).To cure the acute severe pancreatic injury caused by SAP,rats were injected with EDU-labeled MSCs and granulocyte colonystimulating factor (Gr-CSF).The conversion rate of MSCs to pancreatic cells or MSCs to endothelial cells was detected to assess the role of MSCs in tissue regeneration and repair.The expression of amylase,interleukin-6 (IL-6),and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in serum was detected to assess the role of MSCs in an acute inflammatory response.Results The concentrations of amylase and IL-6 were reduced and the concentration of IL-10 was increased in MSC and MSC+G-CSF groups after the onset of SAP.Flow cytometry showed a small amount of MSCs converting to endothelial or pancreatic cells,but the conversion rate was relatively low.Conclusions MSCs can play an important role in the antipre-release of inflammatory mediators,reducing acute immune response to control the acute inflammatory response in SAP.Moreover,MSCs can repair a damaged pancreas by converting into both pancreatic and endothelial cells.

Objective To establish an index system of the key factors of elimination of schistosomiasis. Methods A ques?tionnaire was designed based on the reference review,and 24 scientists working in the field of schistosomiasis control or re?search or management were investigated by using the Delphi method. The importance of each index reflecting the endemicity of schistosomiasis was scored by each scientist. The assessing system for key factors of eliminating schistosomiasis was established , and the normalized weight and combined weight were calculated. Results The assessing system included three indexes in the first grade,seven indexes in the second grade and thirteen indexes in the third grade. Among the indexes in the first grade,the normalized weights of endemicity,natural environment and social environment were 0.371 1,0.339 5,and 0.289 4,respective?ly. Among the indexes in the second grade,the economy showed the highest combined weight of 0.289 4 while the agriculture and sanitation both showed the lowest score of 0.112 7. Among the indexes in the third grade,the infection rate of animals showed the highest combined weight of 0.124 6 while the agriculture and plant structure both showed the lowest score of 0.053 0. Conclusion The indexes of the assessing system provide the scientific evidence for surveillance work when elimination of schis?tosomiasis.

The thermostability of the inulinase was studied in this resea rc h. Some alcoholic materials and thickening agent could enhance the thermostabli lity of the inulinase. Using glycerol、xanthic pastern and though orthogonal ex periments of three elements and three levels, a satisfying protective agent, whi ch included glycerin(6%), xanthan gum(0.6%) and CaCl_2 (100mmol/mL) and ha d a significant effect on the enhancement of the inulinase thermostability, was acquired.

The expressions of StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) mRNA in testes from 7,14,23 and 37 day-old piglets were studied by tissue in situ hybridization. The results indicated that in the testes of piglets, StARmRNA was expressed in Leydig cells of pig testes. The expression level of StARmRNA was lower in 7 days piglets but higher in 14,23,37 days. The results indicated that StAR gene played an important role in steroid biosynthesis.

The traditional fermentation engineering experiment requires a reform on the experimental con-tents and teaching pattern. According to the production process of industrial enzymes, we set up a two-week comprehensive experiment. The students designed and prepared the experiment by themselves. Moreover, the pattern of self-management was used in the process and the experiment scores included the self-assess-ment and objective assessment. It was proved that the new teaching pattern increased the study interesting of students, inspired their initiative and trained their spirits of team cooperation. The teaching effect was im-proved markedly and good ideas are also put forward to solve the possible problem.

Objective To evaluate the short term effect of bipolar arthroplasties in aged cases with intertrochanteric fractures.Methods There were 23 males and 15 females(at age of 70-93 years, average 76 years)with unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated with the third generation cementing techniques and bipolar arthroplasties that were followed up for average 2.4 years.The clinical effect was evaluate with Harris scale,X-ray films and complications.Results Of all,34 cases(89.5%)could walk freely.The average Harris scale was 84.2 points.The average period until walk with full-weight load was 5.6 weeks.The greater trochanters was united in 35 cases(92%)during average 4.2 months.No peri-prothetic ossteolysis and loosening or subsidence occurred.Conclusions Cemented bipolar arthro- plasty has good advantages of reduced laying up period and few complications.The short-term outcome is satisfactory hut the long-term outcome needs deeper observation.

Objective To observe the role of rosiglitazone in unclipped kidneys of two-kidney- one-clip hypertensive rats and examine its relationship to angiotensinⅡreceptors.Methods Two- kidney-one-clip hypertensive rats were divided randomly into 4 groups as follows:positive control group (CONT),traditional antihypertensive drugs group (TAHD,reserpine 50?g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1), dihydralazine 6.25 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) and hydrochlorothiazide 6.25 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),regular-dose rosiglitazone group (RRGL,rosiglitazone 5 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)),and high-dose rosiglitazone group (HRGL, rosiglitazone 20 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)).Sham operation rats were as negative controls.Each group had 8 rats. Animals were monitored and sacrificed at 10th week.Results Blood systolic pressure in TAHD group and HRGL group was significantly lower than that in CONT group [TAHD(137?27 ) mm Hg and HRGL (143?16) mm Hg vs CONT (191?25 ) mm Hg,P＜0.05],but no significant difference between the former two groups was found.Nor did the blood systolic pressure between RRGL group [(176?18) mm Hg] and CONT group.At 10th week,rats in SHAM group and treated groups had lower urinary urinary protein excretion rate,glomerular injury score and wall-to-lumen ratio of arteriole than those in CONT group [vs CONT urinary protein excretion rate (44.60?17.40) mg/24 h,P＜0.05; vs CONT glomerular injury score 60.85?33.05,P＜0.05;vs CONT wall-to-lumen ratio of arteriole 2.33?1.01,P＜0.01,except TAHD group].Though with the similar level of blood pressure,blood glucose and lipid,HRGL,compared with TAHD group showed lower urinary protein excretion rate [HRGL (16.78?3.50) mg/24 h vs TAHD (27.94?12.79) mg/24 h,P＜0.05],decreased glomerular injury score (HRGL 18.04?7.76 vs TAHD 27.92?6.39,P＜0.05) and wall-to-lumen ratio of arteriole (HRGL 1.75?0.38 vs TAHD 2.16?0.90,P＜0.05) in the cortexes of unclipped right kidneys.The expression of type 1 angiotensinⅡreceptor (AT1R) mRNA was no difference in HRGL group and TAHD group,but the expression of type 2 angiotensinⅡreceptor (AT2R) mRNA was more intensive in HRGL group.Conclusion Rosiglitazone can protect the kidneys from hypertensive injury,especially in high dose.The beneficial effects seem incompletely dependent on the metabolism modulating and reduction of blood pressure,but in relationship to the upregulation of AT2R mRNA.