Objective To observe and evaluate clinical therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on malignant tumor. Methods 20 patients of malignant tumors of different nature and different stages were subjected to PDT or PDT-predominant comprehensive therapy. All the patients were followed-up, and the clinical results were analyzed. Results Among these patients, 3 tumors at early stage showed complete remission (CR), and no relapse was found in the follow-up period. Among the 17 cases with tumors in advanced stage, CR was seen in 9 cases, PR in 8, and 3 patients died of causes other than PDT after 1-6 months of follow-up. Conclusion PDT shows a curative effect on malignant tumors in early stage, and fairly good therapeutic effect on those in advanced stage. It is one of the optional treatments for malignant tumors.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of the combination of tocetaxel and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Thirty patients were treated with the combination for two courses. Every three weeks, tocetaxel was administrated on day 1 in a dose of 75mg/m~2 and cisplatin in dose of 30mg/m~2 from day 1 to day 3. Results Complete remission was found in two patients, partial remission in fourteen patients, in seven patients there was no change, and in seven patients there was an advance of the disease. The overall remission rate was 53.3%. The main side effects were suppression of myelopoiesis, gastrointestinal disturbance, alopecia, myalgia and arthralgia. Conclusion The combination of tocetaxel and cisplatin is effective and well-tolerated in the treatment of NSCLC.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and clinical outcomes of the novel simplified no-flip surgical approach to Shang Ring male circumcision in adults.

METHODSA total of 528 adult males, aged 18 - 58 (mean 35) years, 63 with phimosis and 465 with redundant prepuce, underwent no-flip Shang Ring circumcision with or without removal of the outer ring. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded and observations were made on such complications as postoperative bleeding, infection, edema, and wound dehiscence.

RESULTSThe operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and 2-hour postoperative pain score were (3.8 +/- 0.3) min, (0.6 +/- 0.1) ml, and 7.3 +/-0.3, respectively. Spontaneous ring detachment occurred at 21.6 +/- 2.1 days postoperatively in 12.7% of the patients (67/528) who had chosen not to remove the rings. Of those who preferred removal of the outer ring (87.3% [461/528]), none experienced any pain at the ring removal 7 days after the operation. Postoperative complications included infection in 3 cases (0.56%) and mild edema in 9 (1.70%), but no bleeding and wound dehiscence. Totally, 518 (98.1%) of the patients felt satisfied with the postoperative penile appearance.

CONCLUSIONNo-flip Shang Ring circumcision, with no need for removal of the inner ring, is a safe and simple approach for adult males, which is superior to conventional Shang Ring circumcision for requirement of fewer surgical instruments, shorter operation time, lower incidence of complications, and better satisfaction with the penile appearance. However, these advantages are to be further demonstrated by more randomized controlled trials.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Circumcision, Male ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Young Adult

Sperm ultrastructural abnormalities are often associated with sperm motility, the integrity of genetic material, and the fertilization potential. The investigation of sperm ultrastructural abnormalities is based on the evolution of microscopy techniques. In his paper, we review the improvement of the microscopy techniques and the ultrastructure of several specific morphological defects and he apoptotic spermatogenic cells in order to expound the significance of sperm ultrastructural observation in clinical practice. We deem it necessary to analyze the sperm ultrastructure before exploring the pathology and adopting assisted reproductive technology for some special patients with teratozoospermia.
Humans ; Male ; Microscopy ; Spermatozoa ; abnormalities ; ultrastructure

Objective To assess the efficacy of ganciclovir to prevent and cure cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after renal transplantation. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SCI, China Academic Journals Full-text Databases, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journals Databases and Chinese Medical Association Journals to collect randomized controlled trials of ganciclovir to prevent and cure CMV infection after renal transplantation (up to June, 2009). Two reviewers extracted data independently using a designed extraction form. The quality of included trials was evaluated according to the Cochrane Handbook. RevMan 5.0 software was used for data analysis. Results Twelve randomized controlled trials were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: ①Compared with no receive antiviral agents, ganciclovir couldn't lower CMV infection rate and disease rate in 3 months and 6 months after renal transplantation, but could lower CMV disease rate in 12 months. The delay between transplantation and CMV infection was significantly longer. ②Either valaciclovir or ganciclovir could lower CMV infection rate and disease rate after renal transplantation, without statistical difference. ③Compared with acyclovir, ganciclovir could lower CMV disease rate in 6 months after renal transplantation. ④Compared with CMV-IgG and valganciclovir, ganciclovir didn't have statistical difference in decreasing CMV disease rate (P=0.93;P=0.14). Conclusions Longer prophylaxis by ganciclovior may prevent CMV infection after renal transplantation. Its curative effect is similar to valaciclovir, CMV-IgG and valganciclovir, but better than acyclovir.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the regularity and characteristics of anaphylactoid reactions induced by Magnesium iso-glycyrrhizinate injection,and provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:27 ADR reports induced by Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection from Hunan Center for ADR Monitoring from Jan. 2014 to Mar. 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. RE-SULTS:In the 27 cases,15 were male (55.56%) and 12 were female (44.44%),with percentage of 1.25∶1;ADR mainly oc-curred in patients with 41-60 years old(51.85%);involved organ/system were mainly skin and its appendages(35.85%)and sys-temic damage(26.42%),the main clinical manifestations were rash,itching,fever,chills,vomiting and dizziness;there were 7 severe ADR reports(25.92%),mainly showed chills,fever and other systemic symptoms;most ADR can be cured(40.74%)or relieved(55.56%)by related processing. CONCLUSIONS:There are no risk tips for severe allergic reactions in instruction,it is necessary to strengthen post-marketing surveillance and further improve the drug instructions to reduce the risk of severe ADR in-duced by Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection.

Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of the gap junctional influence on the change in permeability of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)after reperfusion subsequent to cerebral ischemia.Methods In the test laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM)was used to investigate the change of Cx43 levels and distribution.The MCAO/R model was induced using intraluminal suture technique first described by Longa with a little modification.A total of 60 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups:the sham-operation group,control group,octanol-treatment group and DMSO vehicle control group. Control group were further divided into seven subgroups at different time points of reperfusion after middle cerebral artery occlusion.To observe the change in permeability of BBB,Evans blue(EB)in the brain tissue was surveyed by the means of EB fluorescent quantitation.Octanol-treatment group and DMSO vehicle control group were done at the point of the peak of permeability of BBB.Octanol,the specific blocker for gap junctions(GJ)was used in an intervention study.To compare the amount of EB with the same point of groups,the influence of octanol on BBB permeability was investigated.Results At 3 h of reperfusion after cerebral ischemia for 2 h,the permeability of BBB began to increase,reached the peak at 24 h of reperfusion and was still elevated at 72 h.The Cx43 expression formed into bigger plague and remained linear disposition in the penumbra after reperfusion subsequent to cerebral ischemia.Octanol group was done at 24 h of reperfusion after cerebral ischemia.The amount of EB of octanol group((4.924?0.296)?g/g)was significantly lower than that of corresponding operation control group(5.543?0.506)?g/g.Conclusions (1)Cx43 expression is concentrated around vessels in brain.The Cx43 forms into bigger plague and the function maybe strengthens after reperfusion.Gap junction might aggravate the disruption of BBB.(2) Octanol,the specific blocker of gap junctions,could effectively prevent the permeability of BBB from increasing and has a protective effect on BBB.

Objective To analyze the composition principles of Chinese patent drugs containing Rehmanniae Radix;To provide reference for clinical application and new drug research and development.Methods Based on the software Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (V2.0), the authors built prescription database containing Rehmanniae Radix in National Standard for Chinese Patent Drugs (NSCPD). Then the authors adopted the statistical module by using data mining methods such as association rules and improved mutual information method, with a purpose to analyze the attending disease, combination rules and the core groups in prescriptions containing Rehmanniae Radix.Results In 357 prescriptions containing Rehmanniae Radix, 17 most commonly used drug combinations were mined. Meanwhile, two diseases, namely, insomnia and vertigo were chosen from the 22 diseases that Rehmanniae Radix was most frequently used to make deeper analysis, showing that Rehmanniae Radix can achieve different therapeutic effects through different compatibility.Conclusion Prescriptions containing Rehmanniae Radixin NSCPD mainly concentrate on clear heat and cool blood, and nourish Yin. The composition principles obtained from the research that Rehmanniae Radix used when curing different diseases can fully play the efficacy of RehmanniaeRadix and provide evidence for clinical scientific formulae.

Objective To explore the initial effects of the treatment of proximal femoral nail-helical blade (PFNA) in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture of the incomplete lateral wall type. Methods A total of 25 patients were enrolled in this study including 8 cases of type A2, 17 cases of type A3 according to AO classification. All patients under-went three-dimensional CT scan. In all patients with type A2 fracture, there were 6 cases with coronal plane fracture on the greater trochanter, and PFNA was used instead of DHS when an iatrogenic fracture occurred in 2 patients. All other patients were treated with closed reduction and fixed with PFNA. Results All patients healed and the average healing time was 11 weeks, one patient fell down once again and the fracture occurred on the shaft, when a long PFNA was used, both of the frac-tures healed 14 weeks after surgery. In all of the 25 patients,1 patient died due to cerebral hemorrhage 13 months after sur-gery;2 patients needed walking aids due to the presence of osteoarthritis of the knee and calf muscular venous thrombosis was diagnosed in 3 cases. No complications were found in the other patients, such as infection, nonunion and fixation failure. According to the Harris hip score system, there were 14 cases of“excellent”,8 cases of“good”,2 cases of“fair”and1 pa-tient of“poor”.Conclusion The PFNA treatment can provide a good fixation for intertrochanteric fractures of incomplete lateral wall type, which allow patients to do exercise early and achieve an excellent initial outcome.