OBJECTIVETo study therapeutic effects between hook plate fixation and modified Weaver-Dunn surgery for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

METHODSForty patients with fresh acromioclavicular joint dislocations of type III according to Rockwood classification were reviewed. All the patients were divided into two groups: hook plate fixation group and modified surgery group. There were 20 patients in hook plate fixation group, including 13 males and 7 females, with an average age of (37.45 +/- 14.29) years old; 12 patients had injuries in the left and 8 patients had injuries in the right; preoperative Constant-Murley score was 40.75 +/- 10.40. And there were 20 patients in modified surgery group,including 11 males and 9 females, with an average age of (41.65 +/- 14.83) years old; 11 patients had injuries in the left and 9 patients had injuries in the right; preoperative Constant-Murley score was 42.75 +/- 8.18. The Lazzcano standard, Constant-Murley score and imaging changes were used to evaluate shoulder joint function before and after surgery.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 7 to 32 months,with an average of 24 months. According to Lazzcano evaluation, 16 patients got an excellent result,3 good and 1 poor in modified surgery group with no re-dislocation, and 1 patient had pain more than middle degree; while in hook plate fixation group, 9 patients got an excellent result, 7 good and 4 poor, 1 patient had re-dislocation, and 3 patients got pain more than middle degree. The therapeutic effects of modified surgery group were better than those of hook plate fixation group. Constant-Murley scores:preoperative 42.75 +/- 8.18 vs 93.40 +/- 4.04 at the latest follow-up in modified surgery group; preoperative 40.75 +/- 10.40 vs postoperative 88.40 +/- 4.81 and 92.05 +/- 4.49 at the latest follow-up in hook plate fixation group. The postoperative scores all improved compared to preoperative scores in two groups. And there was no statistical difference of scores at the latest follow-up between two groups.

CONCLUSIONThe surgery of allograft tendon transplantation combined with anchor fixation to strengthen coracoclavicular ligament, as well as part transposition of acromiocoracoid ligament and resection at the distal part of clavicle may got safety fixation and less postoperative complications compared with hook plate internal fixation.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Clavicle ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orthopedic Procedures ; instrumentation ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cell, which derived from mononuclear myeloid hematopoietic stem cells with the function of bone absorption. Osteoclasts plays a key role in bone metabolism, therefore the body is very strict to regulation of osteoclastogenesis. Mobilization and differentiation of osteoclast maturation is a complex and sophisticated multi-level regulatory processes. In the relevant regulatory mechanisms, OPG/RANKL/RANK system plays a pivotal role in the process of osteoclast differentiation and maturation. Recent studies revealed that immune cells and osteoclasts were closely connect with each other in the field of bone metabolism, also provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of bone diseases. The apoptosis of osteoclasts in bone metabolism have been payed more attention,while its mechanism is still not clear, which need further research.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Osteoclasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Osteoprotegerin ; genetics ; metabolism ; RANK Ligand ; metabolism ; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism

ObjectiveBy analyzing the epidemiological characteristics and trends of brucellosis in Hebei province,provide a scientific basis for the formulation of strategies for effective prevention and control of the disease.MethodsUsing the descriptive epidemiological method,data of the “China information system for disease control and prevention” from 2006 to 2010 were statistically analyzed.ResultsThere were 13 632 reported cases from 2006 to 2010 in Hebei province,no death,the annual incidence rates reported were 3.4068/10 million,3.4851/10 million,4.5701/10 million,4.6045/10 million,and 3.5582/10 million,respectively.Eleven counties throughout the province had reported cases.The cases were found intensively in Zhangjiakou,Chengde,Baoding,Handan and Shijiazhuang,which accounting for 90.02％ (12 271/13 632) of the total cases.The disease was found each month throughout the year,and showed a seasonal cycle with peak period in spring and summer.The disease was most commonly found in 25 - 65 age people,which accounting for 84.57％(11 529/13 632).The incidence in male was higher than that of female,and male to female ratio was about 3.56:1.00.Vocational high risk population was farmers,accounting for 91.15％ of the total cases(12 425/13 632).ConclusionsBrucellosis epidemic in Hebei province is relatively serious,and the epidemic range has expand each year,even highly active in some particular areas.To control the outbreak of brucellosis,departments cooperation between health and animal husbandry should be strengthened; management of source of infection should be strengthened; health education and behavior intervention should be carried out thoroughly and deeply for high-risk groups.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) profile of cisatracurium in 0-2 years and 2-5 years old children patients with cheilopalatognathus, to find if there are some connections between the different muscle relaxation action and different PK procedure . METHODS 14 children patients were divided into two groups, ≤2 years and 2-5 years group, venous samples were taken before injection of a 0.15 mg·kg- 1 dose of cisatracurium and then at 2, 5, 10, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. Cisatracurium plasma concentrations were determined by ultra- performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer system (UPLC/MS/MS). The degree of neuromuscular block was measured by train of four (TOF) testing. An indirect PK-PD link model with a sigmoid Emax model was established using Win Nonlin software. The model were applied to PK and PD data analysis, respectively. RESULTS The TOF monitor parameters showed that cisatracurium works very quickly, the onset time were (2.64± 0.93) min and (2.59 ± 0.90) min for ≤2 years and 2- 5 years group respectively. Young children ≤2 years have longer muscle blocking duration time (62.5 ± 6.01 min vs 53.86 ± 12.18 min) and slower recovery index (32.14±7.10 min and 27.43±10.63 min) than those children in group of 2-5 years. More children ≤2 years have postoperative complication than that in 2-5 children. PK parameters showed that there were no statistical differences in blood concentration and pharmacokinetic parameters. While the concentration of cisatracurium in muscle site calculated by using PK/PD model were higher and longer for ≤2 year children than that of 2-5 year children. This means that cisatracurium could stay at high concentration for a longer time in younger children' muscle tissue. CONCLUSION As a result young children tend to have postoperative complications related to slower muscle recovery action and increased concentration in skeletal muscle. So more careful observation and monitor are needed for younger children, our study could be of use in clinical practice for the administration of cisatracurium to children patients.

AIMTo manage male infertility with obstructive azoospermia by means of percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and intrauterine insemination (IUI).

METHODSNinety azoospermic patients with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (BAVD, n=58) or bilateral caudal epididymal obstruction (BCEO, n=32) requesting for fine needle aspiration (FNA), PESA and IUI were recruited. The obstruction was diagnosed by vasography and determination of the fructose, carnitine and alpha-glucosidase levels in the seminal fluid.

RESULTSThe mean sperm motility, density, abnormal sperm and total sperm count of the caput epdidymis were 16 %+/-22 %, (12+/-31) x 10(6)/mL, 55 %+/-36 % and (16+/-14) x 10(6), respectively. In the 90 couples, a total of 74 PESA procedures and 66 cycles of IUI were performed. Three pregnancies resulted, including one twin pregnancy giving birth to two healthy boys, one single pregnancy with a healthy girl and another single pregnancy aborted at week 6 of conception. The pregnancy rate per IUI cycle was 4.5 %.

CONCLUSIONThe birth of normal, healthy infants by IUI using PESA indicates that the caput epididymal sperm possess fertilization capacity. The PESA-IUI programme is a practical and economical procedure for the management of patients with obstructive azoospermia.

Adult ; Biopsy, Needle ; Epididymis ; cytology ; Female ; Humans ; Insemination, Artificial ; methods ; Male ; Oligospermia ; therapy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Spermatozoa ; cytology

Objective To observe the influence of circadian rhythm disruptions on exercise capability in rats. Methods A total of 30 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and age and weight matched homologous normal blood pressure WKY rats were randomly divided into normal circadian rhythm group (control group), twelve hours cir-cadian rhythm disruption group (observation group 1), six hours circadian rhythm disruption group (observation group 2). Each group included ten SHR rats and WKY rats, changing the light/dark time to construct circadian rhythm disruption model. Exercise endurance, blood pressure and heart rate after exhaustion were measured be-fore and one, two and three months after modeling. Results The interaction of time and circadian rhythm was significant on the exhaustion time of SHR rats (F=2.409, P=0.047). After three months of modeling, the exhaustion time of the control group was more than that of the obser-vation groups 1 and 2 (F=4.290, P=0.032). The interaction of time and circadian rhythm was not significant on the exhaustion time of WKY rats (F=0.717, P=0.638), there was no significant difference in the exhaustion time among groups (P>0.05). For SHR rats, after three months of modeling, the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and mean arterial pressure after exhaustion of the observation group 1 were higher than those of the control group and the observation group 2 (P<0.05), the heart rate of the observation groups 1 and 2 was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, average arterial pressure and heart rate of WKY rats among groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Circadian rhythm disruptions can reduce the exercise endurance of SHR rats, which may be related to the cardiovascular function impairment.

Objective - To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) Methods among painters in the manufacturing industry. A total of 639 painters from one shipbuilding enterprise, one automobile manufacturing enterprise and three wooden furniture manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects using typical sampling method. The Chinese version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was Results used to investigate the prevalence of WMSDs in the past one year, and the influencing factors were analyzed. The total prevalence rate of WMSDs among painters in the manufacturing industry was 37.4%. The prevalence of WMSDs in different vs vs P industries from high to low was shipbuilding, automobile and furniture manufacturing (50.0% 38.7% 29.0%, <0.01). The prevalence of WMSDs in different parts of the body from high to low was neck, ankle/foot, shoulder, low back, upper back, knee, vs vs vs vs vs vs vs vs P hand/wrist, hip/leg and elbow (20.7% 19.2% 17.4% 15.8% 14.1% 13.8% 13.5% 9.5% 6.6%, <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that working in uncomfortable postures was a risk factor for neck, ankle/ P P foot and shoulder WMSDs (all <0.01); long time head turning was a risk factor for neck and shoulder WMSDs (both <0.05); P overweight and obesity, and bending and turning frequently at the same time were risk factors for ankle/foot WMSDs (all <0.05); P adequate rest time was a protective factor for neck and ankle/foot WMSDs (both <0.01); participated in physical exercise more P than once a week was a protective factor of neck and shoulder WMSDs in painters (all <0.05), after excluding the influence of Conclusion confounding factors. The prevalence of WMSDs in manufacturing painters was high, and the main body parts E mail 4813545@qq.com E mail wangzhongxu2003@163.com· · 中国职业医学 年 月第 卷第 期 ， ， ， 482 2022 10 49 5 Chin Occup Med October 2022 Vol.49 No.5 involved were neck, ankle/foot and shoulder. The influencing factors include individual factors, poor ergonomics factors and unreasonable work organization.

Chemokine signal pathways are important for the regulation of tumour metastasis. Chemokine receptors CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4) and XCR1 (chemokine XC receptor 1) are involved in the metastasis of breast cancer, while the interaction between them remains unclear. Here we first identified the interaction between CXCR4 and XCR1 based on membrane protein yeast two-hybrid assays. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) showed that XCR1 could competitively bind to CXCR4 to form a heterodimer (P < 0.01). Results of wound healing assays via transient transfection of XCR1 and CXCR4 into HEK293 cells showed that 41.55% of the migration area rate in the co-transformation group was lower than 58.75% in the CXCR4-alone group after adding 30 nmol/L S D F-β. The co-expression of XCR1 inhibited the cellular motility, possibly mediated by the SDF-1β (stromal cell-derived factor 1)/CXCR4 signal pathway (P < 0.05). Furthermore, CXCR4 on the cell surface after co-expression of XCR1 in CXCR4-EGFP transgenic HEK293 cells was detected by flow cytometry. And the result suggested that XCR1 could accelerate the internalization of CXCR4 into the heterodimer induced by 30 nmol/L SDF-1β (P<0.05), which increased the internalization rate from 14.38% to 64.10%. Finally, the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, which were involved in cell proliferation and migration, respectively, were examined. After 10 minutes of SDF-1β stimulation, ERK phosphorylation in the CXCR4-alone group showed a 3.59-fold increase, whereas the increase of ERK phosphorylation in the co-transfected group was only 2.08-fold. Interestingly, heterodimer formation reduced the phosphorylation level of ERK and shortened the activation time, whereas the phosphorylation level of Akt remained unchanged. Collectively, our findings revealed the hetero-dimerization of CXCR4 and XCR1 and its effects on CXCR4-mediated cellular motility, receptor internalization, and ERK pathway phosphorylation. Therefore, XCR1-targeting drugs could be candidates for cross-desensitization of CXCR4 and might represent a possible option for inhibiting breast cancer metastasis.

By the time of primary 21st century, water hyacinth had become a serious environmental problem in China. Water hyacinth contributes to the major part of ecological hazards from the invasion of foreign plant species, which is estimated about USD 7 billion a year in values. In the past 10 years, herbicides glyphosate, 2,4-D and paraquat have been used in controlling water hyacinth in China. Although the herbicides provided effective control on the weed in some areas, they could not provide the sustainable inhibition on the weed population, while would lead to pollution of water at various levels. At present, the herbicide application on water hyacinth is forbidden in many areas of China such as Shanghai. In this situation, the asexual reproduction inhibitor, KWH02, was invented for controlling water hyacinth and it provided about 70% of growth inhibition without any risk of dead plant pollution. It has been about 10 years for bio-control of water hyacinth in China. Works focused on mainly the efficacy and safety of the utilization of foreign insects. Researches on microorganism herbicides to control water hyacinth were started and obtained primary achievements in recent years. Although there are different opinion on how to face the water hyacinth problem in China, it is accepted widely that the control methods should be high efficient and safe with low cost. Some practical measures for integrated management of water hyacinth are suggested.
Animals ; China ; Ecology ; Eichhornia ; growth & development ; Female ; Herbicides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Pest Control, Biological ; Rats ; Weevils

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism of APL cell resistance to ATRA.

METHODSThe ATRA sensitive and resistant APL cell lines, NB4 and NB4-R1, were used as in vitro models. The effects of specific inhibitors and activators of adenylate cyclase (AC) and phosphodiesterase (PDE) on ATRA-induced differentiation was evaluated by cell morphology, cell surface antigen expression and nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assays.

RESULTSSQ22536, a specific antagonist of AC, could dramatically block ATRA-induced NB4 cell differentiation. When ATRA + SQ22536 group compared with ATRA group, the positivity of CD11b decreased from (95.9 +/- 2.5)% to (60.3 +/- 7.1)%, while the A(540) in NBT reduction assay decreased from 0.585 +/- 0.092 to 0.170 +/- 0.028 (P < 0.05). Forskolin, an agonist of AC, could overcome the resistance of NB4-R1 cells to ATRA. When ATRA + forskolin group compared with ATRA group, the positivity of CD11b increased from (34.3 +/- 5.3)% to (94.6 +/- 2.4)%, while the A(540) in NBT reduction assay increased from 0.110 +/- 0.028 to 0.395 +/- 0.049 (P < 0.05). In contrast, the specific antagonist and agonist of PDE, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and calmodulin, exerted little impact on ATRA treatment.

CONCLUSIONSThe defaults in the initiation of AC activation may contribute to the resistance to ATRA in some APL cells.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors ; Adenylyl Cyclases ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; CD11b Antigen ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology