Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that there are several markers that can be used to recognize cancer stem cell, such as cell surface marker, enzymatic marker,gene expression marker and some functional markers. Cancer stem cell is characterized by multidrug resistance, enhanced DNA repair and antiapoptotic ability ,and some in vivo niche features that may make cancer cells resistant to conventional therapy.The increasing understanding of aberrantly expressed molecules and signaling pathways in TSC may provide the theoretical foundation for designing of target therapeutic strategies for TSC.

With the development of cardiothoracic surgery, anesthesia, myocardial protection and in vitro technique, the management of congenital heart disease has gradually become younger and lower, and the nursing management of the postoperative system plays an important role. The purpose of this study was to analyze the causes of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease<6 kg, the significance of postoperative enteral nutrition support, nutritional assessment, oral feeding and tube feeding. Postoperative enteral nutrition support in children with congenital heart disease provides the most appropriate and accurate care, reduce the incidence of complications, optimize their quality of life and postoperative outcome.

Ginseng and its effective components are famous for their influence to enhance human immunity, regulate endocrine and antioxidant action. However, the different effects of different components are not clear. In this study, Wistar rats were used to study the effects of main components of ginseng, including total ginsenoside, panaxadiol saponins, panaxtrol saponin and ginseng polysaccharide. The results showed that the effects of panaxadiol saponins and ginseng polysaccharide on improving animal immune organ weight, plasma interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), plasma gamma-interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were better than that of the other groups. Total ginsenoside and panaxtrol saponin can effectively increase the concentration of spleen NK cells (NKC) while panaxadiol saponins and ginseng polysaccharide can significantly increase the concentrations of rat plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). As for the effect of increasing organization nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), total ginsenoside is better than that of other groups. In brief, different components in ginseng possess different effects on enhancing immunity, regulating endocrine and resisting oxidation. Panaxadiol saponins and ginseng polysaccharide are better in enhancing immune, and total ginsenoside shows advantages in resisting oxidation and stress.
Adrenal Glands ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; blood ; Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Corticosterone ; blood ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Glutathione ; metabolism ; Immune System ; drug effects ; physiology ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Organ Size ; drug effects ; Panax ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats, Wistar ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Spleen ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Thymus Gland ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Thyrotropin ; blood

Hepatocelular carcinoma ( HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide. Although surgical resection offers a better curative option than nonsurgical treatments, it is not an option for the majority of patients with poor hepatic function or at an advanced stage when diagnosed.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an alternative and effective nonsurgical treatment for HCC. Evaluation of the effect of TACE is important to develop a best therapeutic strategy. From January 2009 to December 2010, 28 patients with HCC received TACE at the PLA General Hospital, and the results of magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) were analyzed. Fifty-one lesions were detected and the maximum diameter of the lesions was 14.7 cm. Twenty-eight lesions in 16 patients which showed variable signal intensity on T1- and T2 -weighted images and iso- or hypointensity on diffusion-weighted image ( DWI) had no enhancement. Five lesions of 10 tumors in four patients had focal enhancement in the first MRI after TACE that displayed hyperintensity on DWI. Eight patients had been found with tumor recurrence or metastasis when they received MRI for the second time. The recurrent, residual and intrahepatic metastatic tumors enhanced rapidly at dynamic early phase scanning and demonstrated hyperintensity on T2 -weighted images.

This article was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture and flunarizine for migraine treatment. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in migraine treatment by acupuncture andflunarizine were searched in the Pubmed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and W anfang database. The quality of inclusion criteria were assessedaccording to the CochraneCollaboration's recommended methodand the effective data was extracted. Then, the RevMan5.2 software was used in thesummary and analysis of the effective literatures. The results showed thatthe total sample size was893 cases, with 10 studies according to the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed that the short-term efficacy of the treatment group was higher than the control group [RR = 1.27, 95%CI (1.11, 1.45), P<0.000 4];the long-term efficacy of the treatment group was higher than the control group [RR = 1.76, 95%CI (1.05, 2.94), P=0.03]; headache degree of improvement was better than thecontrol group [MD = -2.00, 95%CI (-3.01, -0.99), P=0.000 1]. It was concluded that acupuncture was more effective than flunarizinein migraine treatment. However, the whole study sample size was relatively small, thequality assessment was not high, and the funnel plot analysis was left-right asymmetry, which indicated the presence of publication bias. It was concluded that more high-quality clinical cases should be confirmed in the future.

Objective To discuss the treatment of intraoperative periprosthetic fractures on the femoral side,and to evaluate the results of functional recovery after treatment.Methods Fifty-four cases of intraoperative periprosthetic fractures on the femoral side encountered from July 2002 to December 2006 were retrospectively studied.Fractures on the femoral side were classified by Mallory classification system.X-ray films were taken to evaluate the healing patterns of the fractures.Results Cerclage wires were adequate for stable type I and type Ⅱ fractures,while it could be treated expectantly when the fracture did not involve proximal femur in stable type Ⅱ.Unstable type Ⅱ fractures were taken care of with a long-stem uncementoid component.Type Ⅲ fractures were taken care of with a long-stem uncementoid component or LCP plate.Additional cortical strut allografts were used for the management of unstable fractures and the fractures with poor host bone stock.The average follow-up time was 23.5 months(5-52 months).All fractures were healed as shown by radiography except one case of type I fracture.There was no evidence of loosening or periprosthetic osteolysis on follow up radiograph.The mean postoperative Harris Hip Score was 94.5.Conclusion The treatment of intraoperative periprosthetic fracture around the femoral implant can successfully restore the function of the hip joint in most patients.Cerclage wires,long-stem uncementoid component and additional cortical strut allograft were effective treatment methods for different types of intraoperative periprosthetic fractures on the femoral side.Expectant treatment can achieve satisfactory result in stable type II fractures when the fracture did not destroy proximal femur.

Objective To study the contribution of cortical strut allografts for periprosthetic femoral fractures in total hip arthroplasty. Methods A retrospective study was performed with the data of 22 patients who were admitted from Oct. 2002 to Jul. 2006 and had used strut allografts in the treatment for periprosthetic femoral fracture. Fractures occurred intraoperatively in 18 patients and postoperatively in 4 patients. Of the 22 patients, 4 cases were classified as type A, 13 as type B and 5 as type C fractures according to the Vancouver Classification System. All the fractures were treated with non-cemented stem and supported by cortical strut. The allografts were fixed to the femur by cerclage wire and/or cables. Functional outcome was measured by the Harris hip score. Results All patients were followed-up for a mean of 27.5 months (range of 8-45 months). Fracture union was achieved in 6-14 weeks (range of 16.5 weeks) in 21 patients. The strut fractured at 17 weeks postoperatively in another one patient. The integration of allograft and host bone was confirmed by X-ray examination in all patients at the final follow-up. One patient experienced pain in the affected limb, and stiffness in the ipsilateral knee occurred postoperatively in 3 patients. Conclusions Cortical strut allograft can provide both mechanical and biological stability as biological bone plates. Fixation of cortical strut allograft is a useful technique for the management of periprosthetic femoral fractures, and can lead to a high rate of fracture union and increase the host bone mass during the period of a short-term follow-up. It suggests that the cortical strut allograft should be used routinely to strengthen fixation in periprosthetic femoral fractures.

Objective Hepatic stimulator substance(HSS)is newly defined as a growth mitogen to hepatocytes.This sutdy is aiming to investigate the effect of recombinant human hepatic stimulator substance(rhHSS) on growth of liver oval cells(OVCs). Methods OVCs were prepared from intoxicated rats with 3'-methyl-dimethylaminoazobenzene.After confirmation of OVC morphologically and histochemically,the cell cultures of OVC were exposed to various dosages of rhHSS for 12 and 24?h,respectively.The cellular proliferation was analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry. Results Administration of rhHSS(160-400 mg/L)inhibited the proliferation of OVC,as indicated by MTT and cell cycle analysis,the effect appeared non-dose dependent pattern.The peak of inhibition occurred at 240?mg/L.After incubation with 240?mg/L of HSS for 12 and 24?h,the percentages of S-phase were reduced 47.8% and 35.8% to those of the untreated cells.respectively.Conclusion rhHSS exhibits the inhibitory effect on growth of OVC.

Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Tooth Diseases ; Tooth Injuries

Objective To analyze the new primary mutation in Chinese people with Leber′s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Methods Genomic DNA was collected from 260 suspected LHON patients and 100 normal healthy persons. The mitochondria DNA mutation at nucleotide position (NP) 15257 and the hot spot (14452-14601 bp) of ND6 gene which include the mutations at NP (14482, 14498, 14568, 14596, 14495, and 14459) were screened by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), heteroduplex-single strand conformation polymorphism (HA-SSCP) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and sequencing. Primary mutation spectrum of Chinese race was analyzed. Results Eight kinds of polymorphism of mitochondria DNA were found in 260 suspected LHON patients and 100 normal healthy persons, including NP 14488C, 14518G, and 14617G which hadn't been reported (http://www.mitomap.org/). No mutation at NP 15257, 14482, 14498, 14568, 14596, 14495, and 14459 was found. Conclusion The NP 15257A may not be the primary mutation in Chinese. Because of the race difference, 14452-14601 bp in ND6 gene may not be the hot spot in Chinese patients with LHON, and other hot spots may exist.