Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease and its involvement area in colon is influenced by a complex network of gene interactions.We analyzed the weighted gene co-expression networks in microarray dataset from colonic mucosa of patients with UC and identified one gene co-expression module that was highly associated with the progression of involved area in UC colon (Pearson coefficient=0.81,P＜0.0001).In total,523 hub genes in this module were found to be involved in immune system process after enrichment analysis in Gene Ontology.By the STRING and Cytoscape analysis,we observed that interleukin-8 (IL-8) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were centered in the network of hub genes.We then detected the expression of IL-8 and MMP-9 in mucosa from left-sided colon of patients using quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assay respectively.Both quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assay revealed the expression levels of IL-8 and MMP-9 were significantly different among the healthy controls,left-sided colitis group and pancolitis group (P＜0.05).IL-8 and MMP-9 were detected with an enhanced expression in pancolitis as compared with left-sided colitis and healthy controls,respectively (P＜0.05).This study demonstrates that immune system process is indispensable in the progression of disease in colon,and identifies that IL-8 and MMP-9 play potential critical roles for the progression.

To observe the effect and mechanism of Chinese herbs in the treatment of taeniasis.

Objective To observe the protective effects of Toll-like receptor(TLR)-4 siRNA against acute liver injury in mice induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and D-galactosamine(D-GalN).Methods One hundred and fifty C57BL/6 male mice were divided into 5 groups: phosphate buffered solution(PBS)pretreatment group,negative control plasmid pretreatment group,TS4 pretreatment group,TS6 pretreatment group and TS7 pretreatment group.Acute liver injury was induced in mice by intraperitoneal coinjection of LPS(10 ng/g)and D-GalN(1 mg/g).In vivo delivery of siRNA was performed via the tail vein by hydrodynamic injections(50 μg siRNA dissolved in 1 mL PBS)24 h and 48 h before coinjection of LPS and D-GalN. Expression of TLR-4 in liver tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry.The changes of TLR-4,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and macrophage nflammatory protein(MIP)-2 mRNA levels in liver tissues were determined by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)analysis.MIP-2 and TNF-α concentrations in the sera of mice were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase(AST) in serum were measured by standard autoanalyzer techniques. Liver pathological changes were observed by haematoxylin-eosin staining, while cell apoptosis levels in liver were determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl-mediated-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)assay. The difference of survival rates in 5 groups was analyzed by Fisher's exact probability test.ResultsPretreatment with TLR-4 siRNA down-regulated the TLR-4 mRNA and protein expressions,and significantly decreased the mortality and liver injury caused by coinjection of LPS and D-GalN in C57BL/6 mice.TLR-4 siRNA significantly down-regulated the TNF-α and MIP-2 mRNA expression and cytokine levels as determined by RT-PCR and ELISA,respectively. TLR-4 siRNA abrogated hepatocyte necrosis and inflammatory infiltration and also remarkably reduced serum concentrations of transaminases. The percentage of TUNEL-positive hepatocytes was significantly reduced in TLR-4 siRNA pretreatment group(TS4 pretreatment group: 0.065±0.015 vs PBS pretreatment group; 0.346±0.062,P＜0.05).ConclusionIt suggest that inhibition of TLR-4 expression by TLR-4 siRNA may provide potential application value for preventing liver injury.

Objective To understand the status of soil?transmitted nematode infections in Xiding Township,Menghai Coun?ty,Yunnan Province,so as to provide the reference for formulating the strategy of soil?transmitted nematodosis control. Meth?ods Soil?transmitted nematode eggs in feces were detected by the Kato?Katz method,and the eggs of Enterobius vermicularis were detected by the cellophane tape method in children. The soil samples were collected from vegetable ,fruit and other crop fields of 15 residents randomly to detect hookworm. Results The stool samples from 1 002 residents were examined and the soil?transmitted nematode infection rate was 20.06%(201/1 002). The infection rates of hookworm,Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichu?ris trichura were 18.96%(190 cases),1.70%(17 cases)and 0.90%(9 cases)respectively. The percentages of people with light infection of hookworm,A. lumbricoides and T. trichura were 97.37%(185/190),88.24%(15/17)and 100%(9/9)respec?tively. No infection of E. vermicularis was found. Fifteen soil samples were tested,and no hookworm was found in the soil. Con?clusion The infection rate of soil?transmitted nematode in Xiding Township,Menghai County is high,but the infectiosity is light. The control and monitoring of soil?transmitted nematodosis should be strengthened in this area.

In this study, we cloned the NS3 gene from bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) VEDEVAC strain. The result showed that the average P-distance of Pestivirus NS3 amino acid sequence was 0.07 and the VEDEVAC strain was classified to BVDV type 1. Using pET-30a(+) as vector and Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3) as host, we obtained purified recombinant NS3 protein by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that both BVDV positive serum and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) positive serum were able to recognize the recombinant NS3 protein. Indirect-ELISA assay indicated that the protein could be used as detection antigen.
Animals ; Cattle ; Cloning, Molecular ; Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Peptide Hydrolases ; genetics ; immunology ; Phylogeny ; RNA Helicases ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Sequence Analysis, Protein ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of peer-assisted learning (PAL) in the clinical probation teaching of orthopaedics in excellent doctors classes. Methods Forty students in the 2014 excellent doctors class in Inner Mongolia Medical University were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group adopted the PAL teaching mode, and the control group received the ordinary teaching mode . At the end of the internship , theoretical knowledge and practical skills tests were conducted, and self-evaluation and course evaluation were completed in the form of questionnaires. Results The scores of the experimental group in theoretical knowledge and practical skills were higher than those of the control group, and the differences are statistically significant [theoretical scores (97.2±0.7) vs. (90.2±1.3); practical operation scores (98.5±2.4) vs. (89.2±1.5); case analysis (98.1 ±0.8) vs. (92.3 ±2.8), P<0.05]. Students in the experimental group were generally satisfied with their mastering of the basic theoretical knowledges and clinical practice skills of orthopaedics. Conclusion The application of the PAL model in clinical probation teaching not only stimulates students' enthusiasm for learning, but also enhances their eagerness in self-learning;it helps students master the basic theoretical knowledge and clinical skills better in clinical probation.

Objective To investigate the role of overexpression of Smad7,the inhibitory factor of TGF-?/Smads signaling,in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells.Methods Peritoneal fibrosis rat model was built by daily intraperitoneal injection with 4.25% Dineal (100 ml/kg) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) (0.6 mg/kg) at day 8,10,12,22,24,26. Smad7 or control empty vectors was transferred at day 0,14 and was induced by doxycline in the daily drinking water (200 mg/L).Rats were sacrificed on day 28 and the expression of TGF-beta/ Smads,?-SMA and E-cadherin was examined.Results Compared with normal rats,empty vector rats showed higher expression of phosphorylated Smad2/3.?-SMA expression was elevated but E-cadherin was reduced.Under electron microscope,the mesothelial cells removed to submesothelial zone and showed large bundles of actin microfilaments and dense bodies within the cytoplasm. Basement membrane was broken.After induction of Smad7 in peritoneal fibrosis rats,the morphology of mesothelial ceils normalized partly,phosphorylated Smad2/3 was reduced.Moreover,expression of E-cadherin was increased,expression of?-SMA was dramatically reduced.Conclusion Inhibition of TGF-?/Smad signaling by Smad7 overexpression may inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of mesothelial cell,which may provide a new therapeutic method for peritoneal fibrosis by overexpression of Smad7.

Objective To survey avian influenza A viruses (AlVs) in the environment and explore the reasons for the surge in human H7N9 cases.Methods A total of 1,045 samples were collected from routine surveillance on poultry-related environments and 307 samples from human H7N9 cases-exposed environments in Henan from 2016 to 2017.The nucleic acids of influenza A (Flu A),H5,H7,and H9 subtypes were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results A total of 27 H7N9 cases were confirmed in Henan from 2016 to 2017,24 had a history of live poultry exposure,and 15 had H7N9 virus detected in the related live poultry markets (LPMs).About 96％ (264/275) Flu A positive-environmental samples were from LPMs.H9 was the main AIV subtype (10.05％) from routine surveillance sites with only 1 H7-positive sample,whereas 21.17％ samples were H7-positive in H7N9 cases-exposed environments.Samples from H7N9 cases-exposed LPMs (47.56％)had much higher AIVs positive rates than those from routine surveillance sites (12.34％).The H7+H9 combination of mixed infection was 78.18％ (43/55) of H7-positive samples and 41.34％ (43/104) of H9-positive samples.Conclusion The contamination status of AIVs in poultry-related environments is closely associated with the incidence of human infection caused by AlVs.Therefore,systematic surveillance of AlVs in LPMs in China is essential for the detection of novel reassortant viruses and their potential for interspecies transmission.

The comparative efficacy of 2 anthelmintics (ivermectin and levamisole) against Baylisascaris transfuga migrating and encapsulated larvae was studied in mice. A total of 60 BALB/c mice inoculated each with about 1,000 embryonated B. transfuga eggs were equally divided into 6 groups (A-F) randomly. Mice of groups A and B were treated with ivermectin and levamisole, respectively, on day 3 post-infection (PI). Mice of groups A-C were killed on day 13 PI. Similarly, groups D and E were treated with ivermectin and levamisole, respectively, on day 14 PI, and all mice of groups D-F were treated on day 24 PI. The groups C and F were controls. Microexamination was conducted to count the larvae recovering from each mouse. The percentages of reduction in the number of migrating larvae recovered from group A (ivermectin) and B (levamisole) were 88.3% and 81.1%, respectively. In addition, the reduction in encapsulated larvae counts achieved by ivermectin (group D) and levamisole (group E) was 75.0% and 49.2%, respectively. The results suggested that, to a certain extent, both anthelmintics appeared to be more effective against migrating larvae than encapsulated larvae. However, in the incipient stage of infection, ivermectin may be more competent than levamisole as a larvicidal drug for B. transfuga.
Animals ; Anthelmintics/*administration & dosage ; Ascaridida Infections/*drug therapy/parasitology ; Ascaridoidea/*drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Ivermectin/*administration & dosage ; Larva/drug effects ; Levamisole/*administration & dosage ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rodent Diseases/drug therapy/parasitology ; Treatment Outcome

This study was to explore the expression of two subtype molecules of CD133 and its relationship with clinical prognostic factors in childhood with B linage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) at initial diagnosis and the 33rd day of induction chemotherapy. Expression of CD133-1 and CD133-2 in 48 cases of B-ALL and 25 cases at initial diagnosis and the 33rd day of treatment was detected by flow cytometry. Minimal residual disease (MRD) of B-ALL at 33rd day was evaluated by flow cytometry. The results indicated that the expression of CD133-1 was positive in 18 cases (37.5%), and expression of CD133-2 in 30 cases (62.5%) was positive from 48 cases with newly diagnosed ALL (P < 0.05). At 33rd day of treatment, expression of CD133-1 in 2 cases (8.0%) from 25 cases was positive, and expression of CD133-2 in 23 cases (92.0%) was positive (P < 0.05). After induction chemotherapy in B-ALL, the expression of CD133-1 decreased significantly, but still higher than that in the normal control group. Compared to expression of CD133-1, expression of CD133-2 decreased slowly. It is concluded that there is no relations among expression of CD133 and sex, age, white blood cell count, percentage of bone marrow blast cells, FAB subtype, cytogenetics, leukemia fusion gene, risk stratification and complete remission rate in childhood B-ALL. The positive expression rates and levels of CD133-2 are higher than those of CD133-1 in B-ALL. There is no statistical correlation between expression of CD133 and CD34 in B-ALL. The expression of CD133-2 is significantly related to the level of MRD.
AC133 Antigen ; Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Antigens, CD ; immunology ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Glycoproteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, B-Cell ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Peptides ; immunology ; metabolism