Objective To explore the association between ambient average temperature and hospital emergency room visits for cardiovascular diseases(International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Vision ICD-10:I00-I99) in Beijing,China.Methods Data was collected on daily hospital emergency room visits for cardiovascular diseases from Peking University Third Hospital,including meteorological data(daily average temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,and atmospheric pressure) from the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System,and on air pollution from the Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center.Time-stratified case-crossover design was used to analyze data on 4 seasolls.Results After adjusting data on air pollution,1 degree(℃) increase of ambient average temperature would associate with the emergency room visits of odds ratio(Ors)as 1.282(95%CI:1.250-1.315).1.027(95%CI:1.001-1.055),0.661(95%CI:0.637-0.687),and 0.960 (95%CI:0.937-0.984) in spring,summer,autumn,and winter respectively.After controlling the influence of relative humidity,wind speed,and atmospheric pressure,1℃ increase in the ambient average temperature would be associated with the emergency room visits on Ors value as 1.423 (95%CI:1.377-1.471).1.082(95%CI:1.041-1.124),0.633(95%CI:0.607-0.660)and 0.971(95%CI:0.944-1.000) in spring,summer,auttmm,and winter respectively.Conclusion These data on outcomes suggested that the elevated level of ambient temperature would increase the hospital emergeney room visits for cardiovascular diseases in spring and summer while the elevated level of ambient temperature would decrease the hospital emergency room visits for the cardiovascular diseases in autumn and winter,suggesting that patients with cardiovascular diseases should pay attention to the climate change.

OBJECTIVETo study the psychologic status and their influencing factors in congenital microtia patients and their families.

METHODSTotally one hundred and two congenital microtia patients (79 men, 23 women, mean age 13.62 +/- 7.2 years) were enrolled. The patients and their families answered the questionnaire written by ourselves to identify the psychosocial problems.

RESULTS(1) 23.5% patients were found to have severe psychosocial problems, such as lack of self-confidence, close and fear and so on. (2) With the growth of age, psychosocial problems of the patients were rated high (P < 0.05). (3) For patients who found their deformations early, psychosocial problems also were rated low. (4) For patients who found their deformations by themselves, psychosocial problems also were rated low. (5) The education and psychosocial impact for parents all affected patients deeply.

CONCLUSIONSTo prevent psychosocial problems, we should operate for patients as early as possible. And correct guidance is very important for youngsters.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Congenital Abnormalities ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Ear ; abnormalities ; Family ; psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Inpatients ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish the differential expression profiles for exploring new immune mechanism of hepatitis B virus infection.

METHODSDCs were separated from the bone marrow of healthy mouse and cultured in vitro. Then DCs were stimulated with HBsAg, LPS, TNF-alpha, respectively. Twenty-four hours later, the total RNA of cell was extracted. cDNA microarray was used to compare the differential expression of RNA. The significant differential expression of miRNA after the stimulation of HBsAg was chosen. Subsequently, target genes of the significant differential miRNA were forecasted by using computer software.

RESULTSThere were 30 miRNAs whose significant differential expressions were beyond two times after the stimulation of HBsAg. Among them, 16 miRNAs expressions were increased and 14 miRNAs expressions were decreased. There was significant difference in differential expression of miRNA among the 3 different stimulations. The selected target genes included relevant elements of signal pathway of DC.

CONCLUSIONThe alteration of expression profiles of miRNA was specific after DC was stimulated by HBsAg. The selected target genes further demonstrated that miRNA could play important roles in the immune mechanism of HBV infection.

Animals ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; MicroRNAs ; analysis ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology

·AIM: To investigate the effects of astragalus injection on the metabolic and pathological changes of the retinal free radical metabolism and pathology in high-altitude hypoxic rats. ·METHODS: Sixty healthy SD rats without any eye disease were selected,and the random grouping method was divided into two groups: astragalus injection group (intervention group) and physiological saline group (control group),each group of 30 rats. In each group,6 were randomly selected for injection of astragalus injection (15mL/kg) and physiological saline (15mL/kg) in the pre-simulated chamber. The rats were sacrificed immediately and removed the eyeballs after the rats were taken out of the simulated module. We observed the changes of retinal morphology with the HE staining method, and determine the retinal SOD and MDA content with colorimetry. · RESULTS: HE staining showed no morphological changes in the two groups of retinas at 2h, and as the time of hypoxia was prolonged, the retinal edema gradually increased,but the intervention group was less edema than the control group. The activity of SOD in both groups decreased with the increase of anoxia time of high altitude, and the comparison of different time points in the group was statistically significant(P<0.05). The content of MDA in both groups increased gradually, and the comparison between different time points in the group was statistically significant (P<0.05). The SOD in the two groups of retinas was significantly different at same time point(P<0. 05), except for at 2h without statistical significance. The MDA showed the same situation as SOD. ·CONCLUSION: Astragalus injection can reduce the damage degree of retinopathy in rats under the high altitude hypoxia environment, that the mechanism may be related to free radicals, enhance the activity of SOD, reduce the MDA content of lipid peroxides,and enhance antioxidant capacity.

BACKGROUND:The study aimed to compare the therapeutic effect of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) on the onset of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) at different time points of the first 6 hours.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted in 74 patients who received rt-PA thrombolysis treatment within 4.5 hours after ACI and another 15 patients who received rt-PA thrombolysis treatment between 4.5-6 hours after ACI.RESULTS:National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were statistically decreased in both groups (P>0.05) at 24 hours and 7 days after ACI. There was no significant difference in modified ranking scores and mortality at 90 days after the treatment between the two groups (P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The therapeutic effect and mortality of rt-PA treatment in patients with ACI between 4.5-6 hours after the onset of the disease were similar to those in patients who received rt-PA within 4.5 hours after the onset of this disease. Therefore, intravenous thrombolytic therapy for ACI within 4.5-6 hours after ACI was effective and safe.

Objective To described the prevalence of school physical violence behaviors and to explore its associated factors among middle school students in Beijing. Methods In 2009, a randomly selected cross- sectional survey was conducted among 5718 students in grades 7 to 12 in Beijing. A self-report anonymous questionnaire involving physical violence at school and sociodemographic variables, such as sex, grades, family economic status and family structure, peer relationships, and communication with their parents etc. were completed by students themselves.Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between physical violence and sociodemographic variables. Results Among the students, 14.3% reported that they had had physical violence behavior in school during the past 12 months. Male students had been more likely to have physical violence behaviors than female students (Male 25.2%, Female 5.1% ). For both male and female students, poor school cohesion were the risk factors of physical violence behaviors (Male OR=1.060, Female OR=1.065). For male students, factors as father' s lower education level (OR=1.653 ), remarried/single-parent families ( OR = 1.834 ), low-grade ( grade 7 OR = 5.291; grade 11 OR =1.526) , poor school performance (OR=1.470) etc were the risk factors of physical violence behaviors; while better-off family economic status (OR=0.546), good peer relationships (OR=0.618) , and easy to communicate with the father (OR=0.756) were the protective factors of physical violence behaviors. For female students, easy to communicate with her mother (OR = 0.358)were the protective factors of physical violence behaviors. Conclusion For male and female students, the prevalence of school physical violence and its related factors were different. Actions on prevention against physical violence behaviors should be fully considered, including factors as gender, personal characteristics, family, school and peers etc.

Objective To predict the presence of impairment of right ventricular function in prediabetes using two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging. Methods From June 2012 to May 2016, a total of 110 patients from Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital of Taizhou Enze Medical Center (group) were recruited, including 40 controls, 33 prediabetes and 37 type 2 diabetes. The routine right ventricular parameters were measured. Longitudinal peak strain of right ventricular free wall (RVLPSF), ventricular septal (RVLPSS) and global longitudinal peak strain of right ventricle (RVLPSG) were measured with two-dimensional spekle tracking imaging, and global systolic strain rate (SRS), global early diastolic strain rate (SRE) and global late diastolic strain rate (SRL) of right ventricle were also measured. LVEDVI, LVESVI, LVEF, RVD, E/A, e/a, E/e, TAPSE, RVFAC, RVLPSF, RVLPSS, RVLPSG, SRS, SRE, and SRL in the above 3 groups were analyzed with LSD-t test. Results Compared with the controls: RVLPSF, RVLPSS, RVLPSG, SRS, and SRE were all statistically reduced in prediabetes[(-27.89±4.11)% vs(-21.78±3.62)%,(-20.08±4.11)% vs (-16.88±2.68)%, (-23.98±2.96)% vs (-19.33±2.13)%, -1.67±0.25 vs -1.18±0.24, and 1.84±0.23 vs 1.35±0.20,t=3.45,3.42,3.44,3.44,and 3.43,all P<0.01].RVLPSF,RVLPSS,RVLPSG,SRS,and SRE were all statistically reduced in diabetes[(-27.89±4.11)% vs(-20.97±3.88)%,(-20.08±4.11)% vs(-15.42±1.92)%, (-23.98±2.96)% vs(-18.19±2.29)%,-1.67±0.25 vs-1.08±0.23,and 1.84±0.23 vs 1.18±0.27,t=3.43,3.45,3.43, 3.42,and 3.42,all P<0.01].Compared the prediabetes:SRE was significantly reduced in diabetes(1.35±0.20 vs 1.18±0.27, t=3.45, P<0.01). Conclusions Diastolic and systolic function of right ventricle were already impaired in prediabetes, and speckle tracking imaging can quantitatively evaluate the impairment.

OBJECTIVETo provide reliable evidence of "J in three-needle therapy" for treatment of stroke.

METHODSMulti-central randomized controlled trials were adopted, 180 hemiplegia patients of ischemic stroke were randomly divided into a fin three-needle group (90 cases) and a routine acupuncture group (90 cases). Two groups were both treated with basic neurology therapies, and J in three-needle group was treated with J in three-needle therapy, three acupoints of tempora, hand and foot etc. were selected; the routine acupuncture group was treated with traditional acupuncture, Quchi (LI 11), Huantiao (GB 30), Futu (ST 32) etc. were selected. Both groups were treated with acupuncture for 5 weeks. The cognitive function score of functional comprehensive assessment scale (FCA), the scores of mini-mental state examination scale (MMSE) and modified Barthel index (BI) were compared before and after treatment between two groups. Results After treatment, the scores of FCA, MMSE and BI in both groups were significantly improved compared to those before treatment (P < 0.01, P < 0.05); the improvement of FCA score, MMSE score and BI score in the J in three-needle group were superior to those of the routine acupuncture group after treatment (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The total effective rate of 85.4% in the J in three-needle group was superior to tohat of 70.0% in the routine acupuncture group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONJ in three-needle acupuncture treatment can obviously improve the cognitive function and activity ability of daily life of hemiplegia patients after stroke, and the therapeutic effect of J in three-needle therapy is superior to that of traditional acupuncture treatment.

Activities of Daily Living ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Cognition ; Female ; Hemiplegia ; etiology ; psychology ; rehabilitation ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; complications

OBJECTIVETo detect CCR5 protein expression in different human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells and observe the effect of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β) on the proliferation and apoptosis of CAL-27 cells.

METHODSWestern blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression of the CCR5, the receptor of MIP-1β, in 3 human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells UM-1, CAL-27, and Tca-8113. CCK-8 assay was used to assess the proliferation of CAL-27 cells stimulated with 10, 20, and 40 ng/mL MIP-1β for 12, 24, or 48 h. The apoptosis of the cells stimulated with MIP-1β (10, 20, and 40 ng/mL) for 24 h was analyzed using flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double staining.

RESULTSCCR5 expression was detected both on the membrane and in the cytoplasm in all the 3 tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. At the concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 ng/mL, MIP-1β stimulation for 12 and 24 h significantly promoted the proliferation of CAL-27 cells (P<0.05); MIP-1β stimulation for 48 h at the concentrations 10 and 20 ng/mL, but not at 40 ng/mL, promoted the proliferation of CAL-27 cells (P<0.05). MIP-1β stimulation at 40 ng/mL for 24 produced the most obvious apoptosis-inducing effect in CAL -27 cells (P<0.05), while MIP-1β at 10 or 20 ng/mL did not induce obvious apoptosis in the cells (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONCCR5 is expressed in all the 3 human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. MIP-1β can promote the proliferation of CAL-27 cells but high concentrations of MIP-1β also induced cell apoptosis. Prolonged stimulation of the cells with a high concentration of MIP-1β shows attenuated effect in promoting cell proliferation probably as a result of cell apoptosis induced by MIP-1β.

OBJECTIVETo analyze epidemiological characteristics of burn inpatients in Hainan province over 8 years.

METHODSSix thousand and ninety-nine burn patients admitted to 6 hospitals of Hainan province from January 2002 to December 2009 were enrolled in the study. The clinical data of these patients were analyzed retrospectively, including age, gender, injury cause, wound position, burn area, ailment prior to admission, admission time, medical insurance, length of hospital stay, and mortality rate, relationship among inpatient distribution, admission time, and ambient temperature at the time of admission. Data were processed with SPSS 13.0 software.

RESULTSThere were more burn male patients than female, with ratio of 2.1: 1.0. Most patients were younger than 13 years (57.2%, 3488/6099). The most common burn area was smaller than or equal to 10% TBSA (67.4%, 4108/6099), and the fewest patients had burn areas of over 50% TBSA (2.0%, 121/6099). The main causative agents were hot liquid and flame, accounting for 71.5% (4358/6099), 17.9% (1092/6099), respectively. Most patients had injuries of more than two body areas (60.7%, 3705/6099), and lower extremity injury (17.1%, 1042/6099) was predominant in wound of single body area. Among 703 cases who had other ailments prior to admission (11.5%), the highest rate of prior ailments was found in patients older than 60 years (18.5%, 48/260), it was lowest in children younger than 1 year (8.0%, 32/398). The length of hospital stay was 1 to 375 day, and the admission time was 10 minutes to 90 days after burn. Total mortality rate was 0.4% (26 cases). The number of inpatients aged from 19 to 59 was obviously higher in months with high ambient temperature (from June to August), and for inpatients younger than 13 years the incidence of burn injury showed no obvious seasonal change. The inpatients who had medical insurance accounted for 10.9% (66/603) to 19.5% (121/619) from 2002 to 2005, which increased to 46.0% (372/808) in 2007 and 79.1% (869/1098) in 2009.

CONCLUSIONSFor burn inpatients in Hainan province, the main injury cause of burn injury is hot liquid, the number of burn adults aged from 19 to 59 seems to increase in months with high ambient temperature, while the incidence of burn in children showed no obvious seasonal change. The number of inpatients and those with medical insurance showed a tendency of increase from 2005 to 2009 in Hainan province.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Burns ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Inpatients ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult