Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Basigin ; analysis ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; analysis ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins ; analysis ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3 ; analysis ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; analysis ; genetics ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To compare the efficiency between mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for monotherapy of renal calculi in infants less than 3 years.Methods Forty-six infants were treated with either SWL (22 infants) or MPCNL monotherapy (24 infants).The mean age was (22.6 ± 8.7) months vs (23.5 ± 6.6) months and the stone size was (21.4 ± 3.5) mm vs (21.7 ± 1.7) mm,and there were no significant difference.Results For MPCNL,mean operating time was (76.2 ± 23.4) min and mean hospital stay was (14.13 ± 5.8) d.The stone-free rates were 84.0％ (21/25) after first session and 96.0％ (24/25) after second-look procedure.Postoperative fever happened in 4 (16.0％) cases.Hemoglobin drop was (8.5 ± 4.4) g/L and no one needed blood transfusion.For ESWL,the stone-free rate were 31.8％ (7/22) after first session and 86.3％ (19/22) after second session for 11 infants (50.0％).Mean hospital stay was (6.6 ± 2.3) d and 10 cases (45.5％)had complications.Hemoglobin drop was (10.6 ± 12.7) g/L.MPCNL was lower than ESWL in complications rate and re-treatment rate,and the stone-free rate was higher,but the hospital stay and operation time was longer (P ＜ 0.05).GFR revealed improve or stable after operation in both groups.Conclusions For a higher success rate,lower complication rate and re-treatment rate,MPCNL was an effective option for the management of relatively larger stones in children (even in infants).

OBJECTIVETo determine the recognition of healthy medical students on deqi after acupuncture, reveal the qualitative and quantitative rules of deqi and understand whether these rules are the factors of the clinical application of acupuncture therapy.

METHODSThe class questionnaires were used for the investigation study on the understanding of deqi after acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) or Zusanli (ST 36) in 86 healthy students in the clinical medicine class.

RESULTS(1) Deqi was a kind of complicated compound feelings, with many sensation qualities such as distending pain, distension and pain. (2) Deqi was a kind of mild and moderate sensations. In 10-score credit sys tem of Massachusetts General Hospital acupuncture sensation scale (MASS), the scores of distending pain (4.69 +/- 2.83), distension (4.39 +/- 2.91) and soreness and distension (3.93 +/- 2.93) were around 5 (moderate degree), the scores of stabbing pain (1.89 +/- 2.02) were around 2 (mild degree). (3) The differences in the quantitative scores were significant for stabbing pain, distending pain, distention, soreness and distention and the others before and after treatment (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONDeqi of acupuncture is the mild and moderate complicated sensations manifested as distension, soreness, pain and numbness. As the invasive therapy, the filiform needle puncture will bring a certain psychological impacts on the receptors. The subjective sensation is possibly the factor for the patients' selection of acupuncture treatment.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Needles ; Qi ; Schools, Medical ; Sensation ; Young Adult

The teaching methods were explored to improve the quality of medical genetic teaching for foreign students according to the common problems during the teaching process. The negative effects of communication barriers in medical genetic teaching could be reduced by interactive teaching or problem-based learning in groups,in which the ability to resolve problems by themselves could be improved. In order to improve the teaching systematicness and teaching quality,the teaching contents in class should be from simple to deep,covering genetic laws,pathogenesis,diagnosis and control measure of genetic diseases. From the perspective of practical application and combining with the construction of self-de-signed teaching textbook and cases, the quality of medical genetic teaching ultimately could be further improved.

Objective To study the correlations between bone fracture types and healing time in patients with osteofluorosis. Methods Thirty-seven patients with osteefluorosis and long tubular bone fracture were diagnosed in accordance with radiogram retrospectively. The fractures were divided into two groups: sclerotic and osteoporotic. Twenty four fractured patients with non osteofluorosis were included in the study as controls. All of the patients had operation(open reduction and nickelclad internal fixation). Fracture healing in patients with sclerotic and osteoporotic groups was compared with the control group after operation. Results There were notable differenees(F=4.30,P< 0.05) in term of fracture healing time among the three groups [sclerotic group:(18.4±5.3)weeks; osteoporotic group: (24.5±5.1)weeks; control group: (17.6±3.8)weeks]. Notably, there were significant differences between the osteoporotic and control groups(q=2.34,P<0.05), and between sclerotic and osteoporotic gronps(q=2.51, P<0.05). The healing time of the osteoporotic group was longer than that of sclerotic group. The constituent ratios of fracture healing in sclerotic, osteoporotic and control groups were 73.1% (19/26) ,54.5% (6/11),75.0% (18/24) respectively, and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant(X2=3.67,P<0.05). The healing rate of the osteoporotic group was lower than that of sclerotic and control groups(X2=3.12, 3.36, all P< 0.05). The constituent ratios of healing in the sclerotic, osteoporotic and control groups were 26.9% (7/26),45.5% (5/11),25.0%(6/24), respectively, and there differences among the three groups were statistically significant (X2=4.07 ,P<0.05). The delayed healing rate of the osteoperotic group was higher than those of the sclerotic and control groups(X2= 3.87,3.95, all P<0.05). Conclusions Fracture healing time of osteoporotic osteofluorosis after fracture is longer than normal, and the cause might be the loss of bone mass.

Objective To investigate the effect of reserpine,an efflux pumps inhibitor,on the activities of fluoroquinolones (FQNs) against Enterococci,and the distribution of efflux pump genes emeA and its correlation with the resistance of Enterococci.To elucidate the relationship between FQN resistance in Enterococci and active efflux.Methods One hundred isolates of enterococci were identified by VITEK microbe automatic system.The antibacterial agent susceptibility tests were performed by the disc diffusion method (K-B) in accordance with the CLSI standards.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each FQN was tested by the agar dilution method,and the MIC changes were detected after adding reserpine.The distribution of emeA in 100 isolates of Enterococci was determined by PCR.Thex2 test was used to compare the differences of statistical results.Results After reserpine was used,three-FQN resistance in Enterococci was reduced.Ciprofloxacin,gatifloxacin and levofloxacin resistance was reduced from 42％ (42/100) to 28％ (28/100),from 30％ (30/100) to 17％ (17/100),and from 33％ (33/100) to 23％ (23/100),respectively.The positive rate of emeA gene in 100 strains of Enterococci was 55％ (55/100).There were 45 positive strains(72.6％) in 62 E.faecalis and 10 positive strains (26.4％) in 38 E.faecium.The positive rate of emeA gene in the resistant strains against ciprofloxacin,gatifloxacin and levofloxacin was 73.8％ (31/42),76.7％ (23/30),75.8％ (25/33),respectively,and the positive rate of emeA gene in the susceptible strains against above 3 antibacterials were 41.4％ (24/58),45.7％ (32/70),44.8％ (30/67).Efflux pump genes emeA in resistant strains is higher than the sensitive strains,with the statistically significant difference(x2 =13.02,8.13 and 8.57,P ＜ 0.005).Conclusions Reserpine could inhibit the active efflux of in FON Enterococci and reduce the MIC for drug-resistant strains in vitro.Multidrug-resistant efflux pump gene emeA was relevant to antimicrobial drug resistance in Enterococci.

Embryo Transfer ; Endometrium ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine

Objective To compare the pharmacodynamic effects of Scutellaria baicalensis pith-nodecayed and S. baicalensis pith-decayed on pneumonia. Methods The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of S. baicalensis pith-nodecayed and S. baicalensis pith-decayed on Streptococcus pneumoniae was determined by in vitro experiments with double dilution method. In vivo experiments, taking pneumonia rat as model, body temperature and lung weight coefficient, blood test and pathological section of lung in rats were used as evaluation index to evaluate the pharmacodynamic difference of the effect of S. baicalensis pith-nodecayed and S. baicalensis pith-decayed on pneumonia rats. S. baicalensis pith-nodecayed and S. baicalensis pith-decayed antibacterial activity and pathological indicators were analyzed with PLS-DA. Results The MIC of S. baicalensis pith-nodecayed to Streptococcus pneumoniae was 0.5 g/mL, and the MIC of S. baicalensis pith-decayed to Streptococcus pneumoniae was 0.25 g/mL. Both S.baicalensis pith-nodecayed and S. baicalensis pith-decayed could significantly reduce the inhibitory concentration body temperature, lung weight coefficient, white blood cell count, neutrophil number, and lymphocyte number in whole blood. PLS-DA showed that there were significant differences in the pharmacological effects of S. baicalensis pith-nodecayed and S. baicalensis pith-decayed. Conclusion S. baicalensis pith-nodecayed and S. baicalensis pith-decayed have a certain effect on the treatment of pneumonia, the role of the strength of the two have significant differences, the role of S. baicalensis pith-decayed is better.

Objective To establish a three- dimensional hindlimb gait data toolkit (THGT) for healthy and spinal cord injured (SCI) non-human primate (rhesus monkey) based on Matlab to realize upload of original data, automatic gait division, calculation and drawing of multiple gait parameters, etc. Methods Vicon system was used to collect three-dimensional hindlimb gait data of healthy and SCI (after 6 weeks) rhesus monkey to obtain the kinematics data of both hindlimbs in continuous strides. It was analyzed with THGT to process the gait division, calculation and drawing of multiple gait parameters. Results THGT read the data, distinguished cycles of gait, calculated 140 kinds of gait parameters and drew graphs of the results. Conclusion THGT extends the universality of the Vicon data, realizes automatically gait division and friendly interactive interface, and puts out the visible results.

OBJECTIVE:To ensure the stability of electronic data capture(EDC)system in drug clinical trials and to improve the quality of drug clinical trials. METHODS:The quality control system for EDC system was established and introduced from the formulation of quality control process,establishment of data standard,trial project management,daily management,trial project design,system operation,system function,etc. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Data standard have been achieved through estab-lishing EDC quality control system by our hospital based on attributable,legible,contemporaneous,original and accurate principle. The management of trial project and daily management are conducted through data registration,staff training,the formulation of da-ta management plan,fault emergency treatment,database backup;multiple verification of support data,data lock and export,trial report autogeneration and other functions have been realized by formulating related standard operation instruction,program file,op-eration manual and quality record. Those aspects improve facticity,accuracy and integrality of data in clinical trials,and lay a foun-dation for further data mining.