This review article compared the antiviral therapies recommended by major international and national guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)issued by American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver,Chinese Society of Hepatology & Chinese Society of Infectious Diseases,China Medical Association,and World Health Organization in 2015. The essentials and highlights of guidelines were compared,focusing on goals of therapy,indications of therapy,choices of drugs,endpoints and duration of therapy, management of treatment failure,treatment of CHB in pregnancy.

Animals ; Heparin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Ligands ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oligosaccharides ; metabolism ; Selectins ; metabolism ; physiology ; Signal Transduction

Adult ; Aged ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; therapeutic use ; Dysphonia ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged

Antipsychotic Agents ; poisoning ; Clozapine ; poisoning ; Drug Industry ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; statistics & numerical data

Data is the basis and soul of clinical trials. To obtain accurate data, strict and standard data management is essential, which can be effectively supported by quality control in statistical analysis. In this paper, we briefly introduce the concept of the quality control in clinical trials, and describe its contents and methods. We hope that this work will be helpful to the application of statistical quality control in data management of clinical trials.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; standards ; Data Collection ; standards ; Quality Control ; Statistics as Topic

Breast Neoplasms ; therapy ; Consensus ; Female ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy

Animals ; Evoked Potentials, Motor ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Spinal Cord ; physiology

Objective To investigate the relationship between interleukin-17 (IL-17) and vitiligo.Methods Totally,32 vitiligo patients and 30 healthy human controls were enrolled in this study.Blood samples were collected from all the subjects,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the plasma levels of IL-17.The relationship of plasma IL-17 levels with disease stage,clinical course and lesion area was assessed.Results The plasma levels of IL-17 were significantly higher in the patients with progressive and stable vitiligo than in the healthy controls (both P ＜ 0.05),and higher in the patients with progressive vitiligo than in those with stable vitiligo (P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,the plasma levels of IL-17 were positively correlated with the area of vitiligo lesions (r =0.456,P ＜ 0.05),but unrelated to the clinical course of vitiligo (r =0.239,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion IL-17 may play a certain role in the occurrence and development of vitiligo.

Objective To explore the risk factors affecting prognosis of invasive fungal infection .Methods The clinical data of 208 hospitalized patients diagnosed with invasive fungal infection in Sun Yat-sen memorial hospital from 2007 to 2011 were reviewed . The factors affecting prognosis were determined by univariate and logistic regression analysis .Results The fatality rate of adult inpa-tient with invasive fungal infection was 21%.The univariate analysis showed that difference of seven indicators was significant between the survive group and death group:advanced age (over 60 years old), hospitalization time,fasting plasma glucose level, hypoalbumin-emia, using more than two kinds of broad spectrum antibiotic for more than two weeks , kinds of invasive operations , and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ( MODS) .Binary logistic regression showed that the difference of five indicators was significant between the two groups:advanced age (over 60 years old), hypoalbuminemia, using more than two kinds of broad spectrum antibiotic for more than two weeks, kinds of invasive operations , and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome .Conclusions The indicators such as advanced age (over 60 years old), hypoalbuminemia, the use of more than two kinds of broad spectrum antibiotic for more than two weeks , kinds of invasive operations , and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome might be independent risk factors of death in patients with invasive fungal infection.Early medical intervention should be made in clinical work , in order to reduce fatality rate of patients with invasive fungal in-fection.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of preoperative nutritional treatment and perioperative nutrition support for the patients with esophageal cancer.Methods According to the digital table,90 patients with esophageal cancer were divided into the control group(15 cases),preoperative nutrition group(25 cases),postoperation nutrition group(25 cases)and preoperative nutrition + postoperation nutrition group(25 cases).The postoperative quality of life and the complications were compared.Results Postoperative quality of life in the preoperative nutrition group,postoperation nutrition group and preoperative nutrition + postoperation nutrition group were all better than that in the control group(t =14.76,15.13,17.87,all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative complications in patients received nutritional intervention significantly decreased than in the control group(x2 =9.17,12.13,19.18,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The preoperative nutrition and postoperation nutrition can improve the postoperative quality of life and reduce the incidence rate of the complications.