Liver transplantation is one of the most effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.And rapamycin is a new class of immunosuppressors already in use after liver transplantation.Recently.more and more studies find that rapamyein not only can exert immunosuppressive effects but also has antitumor properties.Therefore,the research about rapamycin in hepatocellular carcinoma has become a focus.Herein,we review the progress of rapamycin in the treatment of hepatocelhlar carcinoma together with current results and future developments.

Objective:To investigate the effects of iron sucrose combined with recombinant human erythropoietin(EPO)on perioperative anemia and early functional recovery in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.Methods:A retrospective comparative analysis was performed on 78 elderly patients who received PFNA treatment for intertrochanteric fractures in our hospital from July 2016 to December 2018.In the observation group, 40 cases were treated with iron sucrose combined with erythropoietin during the perioperative period.No perioperative intervention measures were taken for the control group.Hemoglobin(Hb)levels at 1, 3, 5, 7 days and before discharge and Harris scores of hip joints before surgery, 2 weeks and 3 months after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results:Hb levels were higher in the observation group than in the control group at 5 d[(98.8±8.6 g/L vs.92.2±8.5 g/L, t=3.389, P=0.001)]and 7 d[(105.4±8.9)g/L vs.(94.8±8.5)g/L, t=5.370, P=0.000]after surgery and before discharge[(115.4±8.6)g/L vs.(100.6±8.2)g/L, t=7.771, P=0.000]. Harris scores were higher in the observation group than in the control group 3 months after surgery(82.4±3.8 vs.75.8±2.5, t=8.933, P=0.000). Pearson' s correlation analysis showed that Hb levels at 5d and 7d after surgery were positively correlated with Harris scores at 3 months after surgery.Hb levels before discharge had an effect on Harris scores at 3 months after surgery. Conclusions:The combined administration of iron sucrose and EPO perioperatively can promote postoperative Hb recovery, reduce the incidence of anemia, accelerate early functional recovery and improve the quality of life in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

Objective To explore the level of Th2 type cytokines including IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13, and the immunoreg-ulation of cytokines in patients with neurocysticercosis. Methods Lymphocytes in patients with neurocysticercosis were separated from the blood sample with density gradient centrifugation and the total RNA was extracted by guanidine isothiocynate method. cDNA was synthesized by reversed transcription reaction. The target gene was then amplified by PCR. The PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis. Results Results of RT-PCR showed that cytokines mRNA in lymphocytes of peripheral blcod were detected in 27 patients with neurocysticercosis but not in the other 3 cases. Among the positive cases, mRNA of IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 was detected in 16, 17 and 14 cases respectively and mRNA of IL-4, IL-10 and/or IL-13 was detected in all the 27 cases. In the detection of lymphocytes in peripheral blcod of 10 healthy subjects, expression of IL-4 and IL-10 was found in only one case at low level. Conclusion The study revealed that Th2 associated cytokines were expressed at high level and the humoral immunocompetence was relatively strong in patients with neurocysticercosis.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus activator method chiropractic technique (AMCT) in treating lumbar facet joint disorders.Method A total of 40 patients with lumbar facet joint disorders were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 20 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture plus AMCT, while the control group was treated with AMCT alone. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) were observed in the two groups before and after 3 treatment sessions, and the clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups.Result The VAS score and JOA score were significantly changed right after the 1st treatment and after 3 treatment sessions in the two groups (P<0.05). Right after the 1st treatment and after 3 treatment sessions, there were statistically significant differences in the VAS score and JOA score between the two groups (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 90.0% in the treatment group versus 60.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The relapse rate was 22.2% in the treatment group versus 50.0% in the control group 3 months after the treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture plus AMCT is an effective approach in treating lumbar facet joint disorders.

Objective:To observe the effect of warm needling plus oral administration of rosuvastatin calcium tablets on blood lipids in cerebral infarction patients. Methods:A total of 125 eligible cases were randomly allocated into group A (n=42), group B (n=40) and group C (n=43). Cases in group A received warm needling plus oral administration of rosuvastatin calcium tablets, cases in group B received warm needling, whereas cases in group C received oral administration of rosuvastatin calcium tablets. Results:After treatment, the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) all dropped obviously in the three groups, with significant differences (allP<0.05), modified Barthel index (BI) scores all significantly rise (allP<0.05), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) remained unchanged (allP>0.05). After treatment, the changes of TC, TG and LDL-C in group A were significantly different from those in group B and group C (allP<0.05), while the changes showed no statistical significance between group B and group C (P>0.05). There were no between-group differences in HDL-C among the three groups (allP>0.05); the modified BI scores in groupA and groupB were significantly higher than that in group C (bothP<0.05), while there was no significant difference between group A and group B (P>0.05).After treatment, the total effective rate was significantly higher in group A than that in group B and group C (bothP<0.05), there was no significant difference between group B and group C (P>0.05). Conclusion:Warm needling and oral administration of rosuvastatin calcium tablets both can adjust blood lipids effectively in cerebral infarction patients with a similar therapeutic efficacy, while the effect gets better based upon combining both methods; acupuncture-moxibustion plays an important role in the recovery of nerve functions in cerebral infarction patients.

Objective To investigate the biological activity of cytokine-induced killer(CIK)cells in vitro.Methods Lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood in leukemic children were induced with interferon-?(IFN-?),anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody(CD3McAb)and interleukin-2(IL-2)and co-cultured with dendritic cells(DC)to generate DC-CIK cells.The morphology and immunophenotype of these cells were determined by electron microscopy and flow cytometry,respectively.Cytotoxicity of DC-CIK cells against leukemia cell lines was measured by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay.Interleukin-12(IL-12),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)levels released by DC-CIK cells were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results Induced DC-CIK cells were regular,round and transparent with variable cell volume and cellular aggregation.At the 0th-4th day,its amplification was very slow,and it increased quickly at the 5th-8th day,it reached its peak amplification at the 9th-10th day,at approximately 100-fold.The main effector cells in this population were CD3+CD8+ cells and CD3+CD56+ cells.DC-CIK cells were cytotoxic to B95 cells,K562 cells and HL-60 cells,with the highest cytotoxicity towards B95 cells.The expression levels of IL-12 and TNF-? in supernatant were very high.Conclusions DC-CIK cells induced with cytokines displayed powerful amplification and strongly killing activities in vitro.It suggested that DC-CIK cells induced with cytokines may play killing activities through Th1 pathway in vitro,as a result of high secretion of Th1 cytokines,such as IL-12 and TNF-?.

BACKGROUND:The micro-ecological environment has been broken when the ocular prosthesis was inset into the conjunctival sac. The recede of self cleaning function is more conducive to the microbial growth and colonization. The cleaning of plaque biofilm on ocular prosthesis surface affects the patient's wearing comfort and quality of life. It is necessary to seek an effective cleaning method. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clearance effect of five cleaning methods on the palque biofilm on ocular prosthesis surface. METHODS: The conjunctival secretions from 84 patients who were subjected to ocular prosthesis repair were taken for bacterial culture and identification. Fifty pieces of self-curing resin and thermosetting resin artificial eyes were produced. The artificial eyes in each group were randomly divided into five groups, and were cleaned respectively with clear water, volume fraction of 75% ethanol, Boston SIMPLUS, polident and toothpaste. After the completion of the cleaning, the test piece was conducted residual biofilm culture. The clearance effects of different processing modes were evaluated using colony counting method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Eighty-four specimens were submitted for inspection, of which 49 were positive. The Staphylococcusaureus separation rate was 14.29%.Staphylococcus epidermidis separation rate accounted for 13.10%. Maxwel Corynebacterium separation rate accounted for 7.14%. When water, Boston SIMPLUS and toothpaste were used for cleaning, theStaphylococcus aureus colony number in the self-curing resin group was higher than that in the thermosetting resin group (P< 0.05); when ethanol and polident were used for cleaning, there was no difference in the Staphylococcus aureus colony number between these two groups. In self-curing resin, the colony count in the clear water treatment group was higher than that in the other treatment groups (P < 0.05). The colony count in the ethanol treatment group was lower than that in the Boston SIMPLUS group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the colony count between other groups. In thermosetting resin, the colony count in the clear water treatment group was higher than that in the other treatment groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the colony count between other groups. These results demonstrate that ethanol, Boston SIMPLUS, polident and toothpaste have better cleaning effects onStaphylococcus aureusbiofilms on the surface of two kinds of ocular prostheses than the clear water rinse. Overal, it is encouraged to clean the artificial eyes using polident and Boston SIMPLUS, in order to avoid the occurrence of microbial infection in the conjunctival sac after wearing ocular prosthesis.

Objective To examine the application value of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr)for diagnosing iron deficiency in premenopausal women.Methods The levels of CHr,hemoglobin (Hb), mean cellular volume(MCV),red cell distribution width (RDW) were measured on the ADVIA 120 (Bayer Diagnostics) automated hematology analyzer.Transferrin saturation (TS) and ferritin (SF) were measured on chemistry analyzer.Results CHr in iron deficiency without anemia group were significantly lower than that in the healthy control group (P＜0.01)and significantly higher than that in iron deficiency anemia group(P＜0.01).CHr in anemia of chronic disease group were significantly higher than that in iron deficiency anemia group(P＜0.01).Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis in diagnosis of iron dificiency without anemia demonstrated that the area under the curve for CHr,SF,RDW,MCV,Hb were 0.872,0.798,0.721,0.713,0.677,respectively (P＜0.01).So CHr has a better overall sensitivity than SF,Hb,MCV and RDW in the diagnosis of iron deficiency without anemia.ROC also showed that the area under the curve for Hb,RDW,CHr,SF and MCV was 1.000,0.969,0.958,0.953 and 0.926,respectively (P＜0.01) in iron deficiency anemia.Conclusion CHr is the early and sensitive predictor of iron deficiency in premenopausal women,especially for the diagnosis of iron deficiency without anemia.

Objective:To study the antiviral effect of ISG20 on HCV replicon.Methods:Wild type ISG20/mutated ISG20 cDNAs were obtained by RT-PCR/two step-PCR directed mutagenesis, and wild type ISG20 and dominant negative mutated ISG20 mammal expression vectors were consuructed. The constructed pISG20wt and pISG20m expressing vectors were transfected into Huh7 cells or Huh7 cells containing HCV replicon to investigate its effects on HCV replicon replication.Results:The ISG20wt/ISG20m expression vectors were constructed and the expressions of these two vectors were confirmed at both mRNA and protein levels. The effects of ISG20wt on HCV replicon replication were evaluated by Northern blot and Western blot. The results showed that expression of ISG20wt had significant inhibitory effect on HCV RNA replication.Conclusion:ISG20 participates in the anti-HCV action of IFN-? on HCV replicon system.

Objective:To investigate the cellular immunological regulation mechanism of Zhongjiling tablet on the myasthenia gravis(MG) patients.Methods:The myasthenia gravis patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, the curing group and the control group, 30 cases per group. Patients of curing group administered Zhongjiling tablet and prednisone placebo, patients of control group administered prednisone tablet and Zhongjiling tablet placebo. Course of treatment was 12 weeks. The distribution of T lymphocyte subgroup of myasthenia gravis patients was detected by flow cytometry. The content of IFN-?, IL-4 and TGF-? of the patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear in vitro were detected by ELISA kits.Results:After treatment, CD4+T cell percentage and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ decreased significantly(P0.05). The IFN-? and IL-4 of treating group depressed, compared with that of pre-treatment, significant difference exited(P