Multiple etiological factors are integrally involved in the development of hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection.Interleukin-10 (IL-10)is an essential cytokine of immune regulation,and IL-10 gene promoter polymorphism affects its mRNA transcription and serum level. IL-10 is related to the prognosis of HBV infection.This review briefly discusses the association of IL-10 gene polymorphism and its serum level with the prognosis of HBV infection,and summarizes the role of IL-10,as an anti-inflammatory cytokine,in host immune function, the prognosis and progression of HBV infection,and HBV-related complications.IL-10 gene polymorphism and its serum level are closely associated with inflammatory response after HBV infection,influence HBV clearance,and are related to the severity of HBV-related liver injury,liver cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma.The determination of IL-10 gene and serum levels may provide a predictive marker for the prognosis of HBV infection.

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of death globally .Apart from the suc-cessful phase Ⅲclinical trial of trastuzumab and Ramucirumab , other targeted therapies in gastric cancer ( GC) have fallen short or still in early clinical development .In this review, we will summarize the most up to date information on many of the potential actionabledriver genesin gastric cancer and the importance of using the optimal diagnostic test to select for these molecularly defined patients . We focus on the following aspects:HER-2, EGFR, FGFR, MET, IGF-1R and VEGF.

Lymphoma is a malignancy of mature lymphocytes. Signalling through the B cell receptor ( BCR ) is central to the development and maintenance of B cells. In light of the numer-ous proliferative and survival pathways activated downstream of the BCR, it comes as no surprise that malignant B cells would co-opt this receptor to promote their own growth and survival. Compounds that inhibit various components of this pathway, in-cluding spleen tyrosine kinase(Syk), Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk), and phosphoinositol-3 kinase(PI3K), have been devel-oped. In this paper,the B-cell receptor signaling and its targeted inhibitors of lymphoid malignancies are reviewed.

Breast Neoplasms ; therapy ; Consensus ; Female ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy

AIM:To investigate the myocardial protective effect of endometrial stem cell ( EnSC)-derived cyto-kine cocktail ( EdCC) on myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury and the MEK-ERK signaling pathway.METHODS: A mouse model of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury was established.Infarct area, cell apoptosis, and expression of cleaved caspase-3 and phosphorylatied ERK1/2 were determined by TTC/Evans blue staining, TUNEL assay and Western blot, respectively.RESULTS:The mesenchymal characteristics were observed in the EnSCs with expressing CD90 and in absence of CD34 and CD45.EdCC contained (6 811 ±312) ng/g epidermal growth factor (EGF) protein.The phospho-rylation of ERK1/2 markedly increased after injection of EdCC, but was abolished by MEK1 inhibitor PD98059 ( 5 mg/kg) .EdCC decreased the infarct area and apoptotic cell number in the border zone and inhibited caspase-3 activation. However, the effects were abolished by MEK1 specific inhibitor PD98059.EGF did not decrease the infarct area, but the EGF receptor antagonist AG-1487 (6 mg/kg) partly abolished the myocardial protective effect of EdCC.CONCLUSION:EdCC protects the myocardium from ischemic reperfusion injury via activating MEK1-ERK signaling pathway, indicating an essential role in the transmission of stem cell therapy from the cell transplantation to cytokine based strategy.

Objective To examine the application value of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr)for diagnosing iron deficiency in premenopausal women.Methods The levels of CHr,hemoglobin (Hb), mean cellular volume(MCV),red cell distribution width (RDW) were measured on the ADVIA 120 (Bayer Diagnostics) automated hematology analyzer.Transferrin saturation (TS) and ferritin (SF) were measured on chemistry analyzer.Results CHr in iron deficiency without anemia group were significantly lower than that in the healthy control group (P＜0.01)and significantly higher than that in iron deficiency anemia group(P＜0.01).CHr in anemia of chronic disease group were significantly higher than that in iron deficiency anemia group(P＜0.01).Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis in diagnosis of iron dificiency without anemia demonstrated that the area under the curve for CHr,SF,RDW,MCV,Hb were 0.872,0.798,0.721,0.713,0.677,respectively (P＜0.01).So CHr has a better overall sensitivity than SF,Hb,MCV and RDW in the diagnosis of iron deficiency without anemia.ROC also showed that the area under the curve for Hb,RDW,CHr,SF and MCV was 1.000,0.969,0.958,0.953 and 0.926,respectively (P＜0.01) in iron deficiency anemia.Conclusion CHr is the early and sensitive predictor of iron deficiency in premenopausal women,especially for the diagnosis of iron deficiency without anemia.

Objective To test thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppress GLUT4 expression and translocation by stimulating TNF-α secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via a cAMP-PKA pathway.Methods 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were induced to differentiate into adipocytes.The adipocytes were treated with bovine TSH,Forskolin,H89 and Rapamycin,respectively.The concentration of TNF-α in the cell culture medium was measured by ELISA.The level of GLUT4 mRNA in adipocytes was assessed by real time polymerase chain reaction.Protein levels of GLUT4 in total cell lysates and plasma membrane lysates were quantified by Western blotting.Results Incubating 3T3-L1 adipocytes with TSH markedly increased the concentration of TNF-α in medium in a time-and dosedependent manner (P ＜ 0.05); meanwhile,the levels of GLUT4 mRNA and total and plasma membrane GLUT4 protein were decreased in a dose-dependent manner (P＜0.05 or ＜0.01).H89 and rapamycin could block the above effects respectively (326.7±43.2 vs.341.9±12.0,P＞0.05).However,there was no statistical difference in the TNF-α levels between stimulation with 1 μmmol/L forskolin versus 0.04 μmmol/L bovine TSH (481.9± 28.4 vs.522.7± 36.2,P＞0.05).Conclusions TSH can down-regulate GLUT4 expression and translocation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by stimulating TNF-α secretion through a cAMP-PKA pathway.

AIM:To construct nine novel L-asparaginase mutants and study their enzyme-activity.METHODS:The mutants were constructed using overlap extension PCR according to the principle of alanine-scanning mutagenesis. The enzyme-activity was detected by Nessler's method. RESULTS:The DNA sequencing showed that the mutagenesis was consistent with the theoretical prediction. The enzyme-activity assay demonstrated that each mutant possessed enzyme activity equal to the original enzyme. CONCLUSION:Through gene modification,epitop of L-asparaginase was changed without activity loss.These results provide foundation for further study of the structure-function relationship of L-asparaginase.

Chemical disinfectants are generally used for virus inactivation and environment disinfection in biosafety laboratory, and the efficacy and evaluation of the disinfection are critical to ensure the laboratory biosafety.However, there is a current lack of applied standard to evaluate the virucidal efficacy of chemical disinfectants in our country.In this paper, a European Union standard“Method and Requirements of Virucidal Quantitative Suspension Test Method for Chemical Disinfectants Used in Human Medicine” was analyzed and a standard transformation scheme has been proposed.It is suggested that the model viruses should be increased from 3 to 6, including the surrogate viruses to substitute highly pathogenic viruses, and that the method to remove the residual chemical disinfectant and the calculation of 95%confidence interval should be incorporated into the standard.The suggestion will improve the scientific and operational standards related to disinfection and sterilization in biosafety laboratory in China.

Objective To investigate the intakes of dietary nutrients and the growth and development status among children with autism,to propose scientific basis for developing further interventions.Methods Dietary intakes of nutrients were obtained with the method of 24-hour dietary review for 3 days.Meanwhile,the height and weight were detected among the subjects;Z-score was also adopted to evaluate nutritional status.Results 1.About 31.5% of the 111 cases with autism were overweight or obesity and 8.1% of the children were acute or chronic malnutrition.2.The intakes of 11 nutrients were insufficient,especially VA,VC,VB6,folate,calcium and zinc,had a serious shortage that less than 60% of the recommended intakes.3.The crowd was widespread lack of nutrients,39.6% of the cases with nutritional deficiency in varying degrees,the incidences of calcium and zinc deficiency were reach up to 88%.Conclusions The nutritional deficiency and overnutrition were simultaneous among the children with autism,their dietary nutritional supplement were generally inadequate.More sufficient measures and rational diet are necessary to improve the nutritional status for the autistic children.