Objective To investingate the iodine-nutritional status of the rural children form 8 to 10 years old after salt iodzation had been implemented in Qiannan State.Methods The size of thyroid gland waft measured by palpation in 421 rural children aged 8～10 years old in Qiannan State.Calorimetric eerie-arsenic assay and vitriolic ammonium assimilmion were used for testing urinary iodine,while Rsvens test was used to test the intelligent quotient (IQ).Results The rate of goiter was 5.0%(21/421).The median of urinary iodine Was 331.2μg/L The average IQ was 93.32±18.68 of the children aged 8～10.The IQ of children with different iodine-nutritional level was significantly different(P＜0.05).Conclusions The children's iodine nutrition in Qiannan State has been improved after the salt adds the iodine.Their intelligence level is quite normally.Iodine dificiency disease has been eliminated according to the national standard in terms of 8～10 year old child ufinaty iodine level and goiter rate.

Objective To evaluate the value of the short-segment nerve conduction studies (SSCSs, inching test) in the diagnosis and localization of cubital tunnel syndrome (CubTS).Methods The clinical and electrophysiologic data of 46 patients (92 limbs from 32 men and 14 women, aged from 19 to 59 years, with average age of 41.2 years) with CubTS were collected.The symptoms occurred in unilateral arm in 41 patients and bilateral arms in 5 patients, involving 35 left arms and 16 right arms.SSCSs were performed in both arms in all the 46 patients.Sixty ulnar nerves were studied in 30 healthy control subjects using SSCSs.Results The 51 symptomatic arms with CubTS were abnormal in long segment motor nerve conduction studies.There were 68 abnormal arms ( 51 symptomatic arms, 17 asymptomatic arms ) in SSCSs.The lesions were located 2 cm proximal to the elbow-the elbow segment ( AE2-E ) in 41 arms (44.6%),the elbow-2 cm distal to the elbow segment (E-BE2) in 23 arms (25%), 4 cm proximal to the elbow-2 cm proximal to the elbow segment (AE4-AE2) in 18 arms (19.6%), 6 cm proximal to the elbow-4 cm proximal to the elbow segment (AE6-AE4) in 9 arms (9.8%), 2 cm distal to the elbow-4 cm distal to the elbow segment (BE2-BE4) in 8 arms(8.6%) and 4 cm distal to the elbow-6 cm distal to the elbow segment (BE4-BE6) in 6 arms(6.5%),respectively.Conclusions SSCSs are more sensitive in detecting CubTS than the conventional long segment motor conduction studies.SSCSs could precisely localize the entrapment lesions in patients with CubTS ,might be a useful tool for the detection of ulnar mononeuropathy at the elbow, especially for diagnosing the patients with CubTS who have no clinical features or have a normal long segmental nerve conduction findings.

Objective To compare the pathological and serological difference of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) models in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice transplanted with synovial tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (SCID-HuRAg mice) established either by renal capsule or subcutaneous back heterotopic transplantation. Methods RA synovium and normal human cartilage were co-implanted subcutaneously into the backs or under the renal capsule of 15 SCID mice. Engrafted tissues and serum were taken at the 4th and 8th week after transplantation. Histopathology and ELISA were performed to compare their histological and serological differences with RA. Results The morbidity and taken rate were significantly increased in the subcutaneous back of the mice group than the renal capsule group. The degree of cartilage erosion as well as the titers of serum IgM type rheumatoid factor suggested no significant difference between the two groups of SCID-HuRAg model devel oped by different engraft methods. Conclusion Back subcutaneous transplantation SCID-HuRAg model can be an ideal and stable animal model for studies on the pathogenesis and biotherapy of RA.

Objective To investigate the safety and clinical response of dendritic cells (DC)vaccine loaded with HLA-A2-restricted peptides MAGE-3、 Tyr、 MART-1 and GP-100 against malignant melanoma. Methods Twenty three HLA-A2 positive patients with malignant melanoma were enrolled.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated into adherent cells for induction of DC loaded with four peptides. DC vaccine was administered subcutaneously once a week in inguinal region. The immunological responses and clinical responses were evaluated. Results Dendritic cell vaccination were well tolerated in all patients and there was no toxicity observed. Serum levels of IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-γincreased significantly after first vaccination and fourth vaccination. The positive rate of DTH test was 50% (5/10), and 2 fold increase of CD8+ IFN-γ+ cells were observed in 6 of 10 patients. Stable disease was observed in 11 of 23 patients, one patient had a complete metastasis regression, four patients had 50% regression of metastasis,four patients had a minor response, and disease progressed in three patients. Conclusion DC vaccines loaded with peptides MAGE-3、 Tyr、 MART-1 and GP-100 can elicit non-specific and specific immune responses, leading disease control. DC vaccine is considered one of safe and effective treatments for malignant melanoma.

Objective To explore the relationship of dynamic changes between the iodine nutritional condition and growth of children born before and after the implementation of universal iodine.Methods By means of sampling investigation,urinary iodine and goiter,height,weight,intelligence quotient(IQ)were comprehensively evahated in children aged 7～14 years old born before and after the implementation of iodine in 10 counties and 2 cities of Qiannan.Results The median of urinary iodine of children Was 91.88μg/L in 1984,133.33μg/L in 1994,316.00μg/L in 2006;goiter rate was 21.40%(122/570)in 1984,12.86%(107/832)in 1994,5.28%(45/851)in 2006;the average IQ was 89.18±4.10 in 1994,94.26±0.94 in 2006;children in each age group in 2006 has a higher height and a heavier weight compared with those in 1984.Conclusion The physical development and intelligence of children in the areas of iodine deficiency have improved along with the correction of iodine deficiency.

Exosomes are a kind of endosomal vesicles that are secreted by most if not all living cells. Due to their capability of delivering a variety of cargos, such as tissue- or cell-specific proteins, lipids, and genetic materials, and their broad biological activities, exosomes have gained substantial attention as emerging therapeutics. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are two types of exosomes that are widely studied. Many preclinical and clinical studies have shown that they have a satisfactory treatment effect in lung diseases, liver diseases, nervous system diseases, tumors, and other diseases. In addition, exosomes from macrophages, tumor cells, plant cells, and many other cells are getting more attention due to their therapeutic potential. Besides natural exosomes, research on engineered exosomes has also made plenty of progress. There have been several engineering methods of exosomes, such as targeting modification and loading of active ingredients. In this review, we summarize the research progress of therapeutic exosomes from different sources, and further discusses the application prospects of exosomes and possible challenges in the future.

Objective: To study the biocompatibility of CFR/PEEK composite in bone tissue after implanted in lumbar intervertebral space and to evaluate its role in the interbody fusion compared to the allograft bone. Methods: Thirteen beagles were chosen among which 7 were implanted with the disk-like CFR/PEEK composite in the lumbar intervertebral space and the other 6 were implanted with allograft bone. X-ray, QCT and histological examination were employed at 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Results: The X-ray results of fusion segment were in conformity with the QCT's as well as that of histological results. All animals obtained a complete fusion at 24 months. Histological examination revealed that the anterior soft tissue to the implant exhibited a nonspecific foreign body reaction with connective tissue embed the biomaterials. Carbon fragment were seen in the surrounding tissue and some of the debric were phagocytosed by foreign body giant cell. Histological examination of bone and material revealed that new bone grew along the hole of CFR/PEEK implant. Conclusion: CFR/PEEK has an excellent biocompatibility to bone tissue.

Objective To evaluate the nucleated red blood cell (NRBC)count of Sysmex XN-9000 automatic hematology anal-ysis lines comparing with manual method,and verify the accuracy of the analyzer results.Methods 60 blood samples with more than 1% of NRBCs detected by XN-9000 were counted NRBCs by traditional manual microscopy in blood smears,and verified the analyzer results.Results According to the reliability analysis,the results of total 60 samples were all within the range of the reliability;correlation analysis showed that correlation coefficient (r)of group NRBC (%)1~10 and>10 were 0.972 1 and 0.996 2,respectively.There were no significant differences between them (P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with manual method,the results of NRBC count of XN-9000 were within the range of reliability,and showed good correla-tion.The analyzer test results of NRBC were accurate and reliable and could be applied to the detection of clinical samples.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of tumor metabolic indexes measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT in recurrence of stage Ⅰ NSCLC after surgery.Methods A total of 85 patients (44 males,41 females,age (62.46± 10.38) years) in Shanghai Renji Hospital with stage Ⅰ NSCLC,who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and subsequent surgical resection,were retrospectively enrolled from April 2006 to December 2011.Gender,age,tumor size,pathology,SUVmax,MTV and TLG of the primary tumor were selected as variables.ROC curve analysis was used to analyze the cut off value.The prognostic significance of parameters for recurrence-free survival (RFS) was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.Survival analysis was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method.Results During follow-up period,tumor recurrence occurred in 21 patients (24.7％,21/85) and 11 patients (12.9％,11/85) died.The median follow-up period was 44 months.The median values of SUVmax,MTV and TLG were 4.100,3.048 cm3 and 7.970,respectively.Cut off values of SUVmax,MTV and TLG were 7.115,4.701 cm3 and 12.015 according to ROC curve analysis.Univariate Cox analysis showed that SUVmax(x2 =22.091),MTV (x2 =4.941) and TLG(x2 =10.488) were associated with RFS(all P＜0.05).But gender,age,tumor size,and pathology were not independent risk factors of recurrence (x2=0.248-3.888,all P＞0.05).Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that SUVmax(=16.902,HR=15.426,P＜0.05) and TLG (x2=6.029,HR=4.054,P＜0.05) were independent prognostic factors for recurrence.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the period of RFS in high SUVmax (＞ 7.115) group (x2=32.545,P＜0.05) and in high TLG (＞12.015) group (x2=12.665,P＜0.05) were lower than those in low SUVmax group and low TLG group.Conclusion The SUVmax and TLG measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT have significant value for predicting the recurrence of stage Ⅰ NSCLC.