Objective: To study the effects of tissue engineered bone in the repair of mandibular defect.Methods:The experiments were conducted in 12 dogs.Bone marrow stromal stem cells(BMSCs) of dog were cultured in DMEM containing 100 ml/L fetal bovine serum and induced to differentiate towards osteoblasts.Then the cells were seeded onto absorbable polylactic acid(PLA) compounded with rhBMP-2(0.16 mg for each implant), the composite was implanted into the oval-shaped mandibular bone defect in the size of 30 mm?12 mm on one side,another side was used as blank control.The dogs were divided into 4 grups with 3 in each group.PLA/rhBMP/BMSCs,PLA/rhBMP,PLA/BMSCs and PLA were used as the implants in group A,B,C and D respectively. 2, 4 and 8 weeks after implantation,the effectiveness of bone formation was evaluated by means of gross observation,histological and scanning electronic microscope ( SEM) examination. Results: In group A new bone formation in the implanted defects was observed 4 weeks after operation, the defects were replaced by muture bone tissue 8 weeks after operation. In group B a little new bone was found in the implanted area 4 weeks after operation and fibrous bone was observed 8 weeks after operation. In group C chondral ossification was found and in group D fibrous tissue was found in the bone defects 8 weeks after operation.Conclusion:PLA/rhBMP/BMSCs may be feasible in the repair of bone defect.

OBJECTIVETo explore the differentially expressed genes and related signaling pathways in MC3T3-E1 osteo- blasts in response to suitable fluid shear stress values and action time with cDNA microarrays.

METHODSMC3T3-E1 cells cultured on a cover slip were subjected to fluid shear stress using a parallel plate flow chamber. The harvested RNA was used for microarray hybridization comprising approximately 44 170 genes, as well as for the subsequent real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation of expression levels for selected genes. Microarray results were analyzed by using both GO and Pathway analysis.

RESULTSMicroarray analysis indicated that 884 differentially expressed genes were found. Among these genes, 444 were upregulated, whereas 440 were downregulated. The Notch signal and RIG- I -like receptor signaling pathways were involved in the Pathway analysis. GO analysis mainly involved different functional classifications, such as prostaglandin biosynthesis, nitric oxide-mediated signal transduction, calcium mediated signal, and cellular immune response, among others.

CONCLUSIONThe mechanism underlying the protective effect of fluid shear stress on MC3T3-E1 cells might be related to promoting cell survival- and inhibiting cell apoptosis-related signaling pathways and biological processes.

Objective To observe the effect of prostaglandin E1 on soluble interleukin-6 receptor(SIL-6R) and soluble interleukin-6 receptor β strands (sgp 130) in serum in patients with chronic severe hepatitis.Methods Sixteen patients with chronic severe hepatitis accepted therapy with prostaglandin E1.Serum levels of SIL-6R and sgp130 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method before and after therapy.Results The content of SIL-6R and sgp 130 in serum were increased significantly (P<0.001) in patients with chronic severe hepatitis compared with normal control group and decreased obviously (P<0.01) after therapy with prostaglandin E1 compared with before therapy,and the rate of delth were decreased obviously (P<0.01) in PGE1 therapy group.Conclusion The levels of SIL-6R and sgp130 in serum can reflect the degree of liver damage in patients with chronic severe hepatitis and guide the assessment of prognosis;PGE1 can correct the immune disorder,attenuating hepatocyte inflammation and necrosis.

Aim To evaluate the effect of 15d-PGJ2 on up-regulated expression of PPAR? and inducing HSC apoptosis and inhibiting HSC proliferation. Methods The rat liver stellate cell line (HSC-T6) was cultured in DMEM, and treated with PPAR? agonist 15d-PGJ2 of different concentrations. The expression of PPAR? mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. The protein expression of NF-?B was examined by Western blot. The cell proliferation rate of HSC-T6 was determined by MTT colorimetric assay. The cell cycle and apoptosis ratio were measured using flow cyto -metry analysis. Results The proliferation rate of the rat liver stellate cell line (HSC-T6) was significantly inhibited by 15d-PGJ2 (vs controls, P

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and biological features of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist Ⅱ (PIVKA-Ⅱ) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Serum samples of 72 patients with HCC (HCC group), 54 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis (cirrhosis group) and 30 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) without cirrhosis (CHB group) were tested with the PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP detection kits.Diagnostic efficacies of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC).The cut-off value of PIVKA-Ⅱ for diagnose HCC was also determined.Sensitivities and specificities of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were compared.Results The medians of PIVKA-Ⅱ levels in HCC group, cirrhosis group and CHB group were 14.36, 11.21, and 329.88 mAU/mL, respectively.The serum PIVKA-Ⅱ level in the HCC group was significantly higher than that in cirrhosis group (U=342.50, P<0.01).And serum PIVKA-Ⅱ level in cirrhosis group was also higher than that in CHB group (U=481.50,P>0.05).The serum PIVKA-Ⅱ levels in patients with BCLC stage A, B, C in HCC group were 22.13, 345.46, and 13 057.72 mAU/mL, respectively.After comparison of stage A and C with stage B, the differences were both statistically significant (stage A to B: U=119.0, P<0.01;stage B to C: U=158.0, P<0.01).The sensitivity and specificity of PIVKA-Ⅱ with a cut-off value of 30.01 mAU/mL by means of Youden index were 0.750 and 1.000, respectively.When combined PIVKA-Ⅱ with AFP, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.800 and 0.964, respectively.The area under the curve (AUC) was highest (AUC=0.930, 95%CI: 0.852-0.974), and significantly higher than that using PIVKA-Ⅱ alone (AUC=0.892, 95%CI: 0.834-0.950,x2=21.43,P<0.01).Conclusions The diagnostic value of serum PIVKA-Ⅱ is superior to AFP.Combined with AFP, serum PIVKA-Ⅱ can improve the detection rate of HCC, and has advantages during the development of HCC and can be used to monitor the condition of HCC patients.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil made in China for treating hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B patients.Methods This was a multicenter,double-blinded,randomized controlled trial.Two hundred and thirty-eight patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B were assigned to receive either adefovir dipivoxil(10 mg/d,120 patients)or placebo(118 patients)for 12 weeks in 5 medical centers in China.Then,both groups of patients entered 36 weeks open-labeled adefovir dipivoxil treatment phase(10 mg/d),The rates of serum HBV DNA clearances,alanine aminotransferase levels(ALT)normalization,HBeAg loss and anti-HBe seroconversion were evaluated respectively during and post the 48-week treatment.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,the rates of serum HBV DNA clearance(real-time fluorescent quanti- tative polymerase chain reaction,the detection limit was 1?10~4 copy per milliliter),ALT normaliza- tion,HBeAg loss and anti-HBe seroconversion of adefovir dipivoxil group were all significantly higher than those of placebo group(50.0% vs 5.1%,35.0% vs 8.5%,12.5% vs 2.5% and 5.8% vs 0, respectively,x~2=59.89,24.52,P0.05).The safety profile of adefovir dipivoxil was similar to that of placebo. Conclusions The safety profile and efficacy of domestic adefovir dipivoxil for treating HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients are similar to its counterparts that have been licensed aboard.

Objective To investigate the virological response in hepatitis C virus (HCV)genotype 1b relapsers after 48 weeks of peginterferon/ribavirin (peg-IFN/RBV)combination retreatment,and to explore the predictive value of interleukin (IL )-28B rs12978960 genetic polymorphismon virological response.Methods From 2012 to 2014,genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C (CHC)relapsers in He′nan Provincial People′s Hospital were retreated with combined peg-IFN/RBV for 48 weeks and followed up for 24 weeks off-treatment.Host IL-28B genetic polymorphism was detected.Predictive factors associated with virological response and sustained virological response (SVR)were analyzed.Independent-samples t test was conducted in continuous variables,whileχ2 test or Fisher exact probability test was conducted in counts data.Results A total of 61 patients finished 48 weeks of peg-IFN/RBV combination therapy and were further followed up for 24 weeks off-treatment.Mean age was (46.7 ±12.4)years.Thirty-seven patients (60.7%)were male and 49 were rs12978960 CC genotype.After 48 weeks of retreatment with peg-IFN/RBV and 24 weeks of off-treatment follow-up,40 patients (65 .6%)achieved SVR.Rapid virological response (RVR)and SVR of younger patients were both significantly higher than those of older patients (100.0% vs 67.4% and 85 .0% vs 47.6%,respectively;both P =0.006).IL-28B rs12978960 genotype was predictive to RVR and SVR.Patients with RVR and SVR had higher carriage rates of IL-28B rs12978960 CC genotype compared with those without RVR and SVR (both P <0.05 ).Patients with CC genotype had higher rates of RVR (34.1 % vs 0;χ2 = 10.625 ,P =0.006 ),end-of-treatment virological response (84.1 % vs 70.6%;χ2 =5 .563,P =0.039 )and SVR (77.3% vs 35 .3%;χ2 =9.572,P =0.007)than those with CT/TT genotype.However,there were no statistical differences of extended RVR (34.1 % vs 29.4%;χ2 =0.122,P =0.809)and early virological response (79.5 % vs 82.3%;χ2 =0.612,P =0.964).Conclusions Retreatment with antiviral therapy is necessary in CHC patients with genotype 1b. IL-28B rs12978960 genetic polymorphism is predictive to the SVR of retreatment,especially for patients without RVR,which will provide individualized treatment and optimize the treatment strategy.

Objective To examine the changes of histological parameters of radial artery in uremia,and to explore their effects on arterial stiffness.Methods Sixty uremic patients underwent arteriovenous fistula surgery for hemodialysis and 20 healthy subjects received healthy examination were collected as uremia group and control group, respectively.Segments of radial arteries were obtained from all of uremic subjects and were evaluated by HE, Masson, van Kossa staining and electron microscopy.The expressions of osteopontin (OPN), α-SMA and elastin in arterial wall were detected by immunostaining, and apoptotic cells were determined by TUNEL assay.All of the subjects in the two groups received brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) examination and the results were compared.The associations among histological parameters and baPWV were analyzed.Results More than one half (34/60) of artery samples presented uniformly thickening intima, in which most of cells expressed α-SMA and a few cells underwent apoptosis.The subendothelial matrix was abundant in collagen fibers, and no calcium deposition was found.The media thickened obviously, with increased collagen fibers, reduced elastin, unchanged α-SMA expression, and a few apoptotic smooth muscle cells.Two thirds uremic arteries expressed OPN, of which only one half had significant calcium deposition.The adventitia thickened and no calcium deposition was found.The baPWV level in uremic subjects was ( 18.5 ± 3.2 ) m/s, far greater than that in control subjects ( P ＜ 0.001 ).Statistical analysis showed that baPWV value was correlated with media thickness, calcification degree, and collagen content positively, and with elastin expression negatively.For diabetic uremic subjects, the OR values of vascular calcium deposition and remarkably-elevated baPWV value were 3.1, 2.3, respectively.Conclusions Radial arterial intima often presents hyperplasia which is not related with baPWV increment in uremia.Arterial media calcification and collagen content incremental are the most two protuberant characteristics in uremia, especially in ones accompanied with diabetes.Medical calcification, collagen accumulation, and e]astin reduction may contribute to the increased arterial stiffness in uremia.

Objective To investigate the expression of inflammatory mediators in renal tubular epithelial cells in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to explore the possible clinicopathological significance. Methods Twenty-three patients with DN diagnosed by renal biopsy and 10 patients with renal cell carcinoma undergone nephrectomy were allocated into DN group and control group, respectively. The renal expression of NF-κB p50, NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65 mRNA, MCP-1, OPN, α-SMA, and FN was detected by immunohistochemical or in situ hybridization assay. Serum creatinine, urinary N-acetylglucosaminedase (NAG), urinary albumin and 24-hour urinary protein were detected. The correlation between these inflmmnatory markers and clinicopathological data were analyzed. Results (1)Among all the 23 DN patients, granular degeneration of the renal tubular epithelium, focal tubular atrophy, infiltration of inflammatory cells and interstitial fibrosis were apparent, and none of these were found in control group. (2) Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization assay showed that, compared with control group, expression of these factors increased significantly in renal tubular cells or interstitium in DN patients, and expression of α-SMA or FN was not found in tubular epithelial cells. (3)Statistics assay showed the tubular NF-κB p65 protein expression was correlated with all of the following factors: NF-κB p50 protein (r=0.792) and NF-κB p65 mRNA (r=0.763), tubular MCP-1 (r=0.825) and OPN (r=0.869) expression, interstitial α-SMA (r=0.327) and FN (r=0.432) expression, proteinuria(r=0.710), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r=-0.728), and urinary NAG (r= 0.930), P<0.01 respectively. Conclusion Tubular inflammation may play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of DN.

Objective To investigate the incidence of pancreatic cancer-related depression in Guangzhou,China.Methods A multicenter,prospective survey was conducted,50 patients with pancreatic cancer,60 with liver cancer,50 with esophageal cancer,50 with gastric cancer,52 with colorectal cancer were enrolled from 4 hospitals in Guangzhou between June 2007 and June 2009.Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-24 (HAMD-24) questionnaire was used to assess the degree of depression.Results The incidence of depression in pancreatic cancer patients was 78% (39/50),which was significantly higher than that among liver cancer patients (60% ,36/60),gastric cancer patients (36%,18/50),esophageal cancer patients(24%,12/50),and colorectal cancer patients(19.2%,10/52,P＜0.05 ).Twelve of 50 patients in pancreatic cancer were reported to have severe depression (24%),which was significantly more than that in liver cancer (10%,6/60),gastric cancer (4%,2/50),esophageal and colorectal cancer (0,P ＜0.05).In pancreatic cancer patients,the incidence of depression was significantly higher in patients with advanced stage (94.3%) than that in early stage (46.7%,P＜0.05).Patients who underwent chemotherapy had high incidence of depression(92.3%)than that of patients who underwent operation (62.5%,P＜0.05 ).Conclusions Compared with other cancers of digestive tract,the incidence of pancreatic cancer-related depression was higher,and its degree was more severe than that of other cancers.