Mixed reality technology can achieve a 3D reconstruction of the patient's imaging data and organically combine the real scene. This allows to simulate a real medical operation in clinical teaching. Combined with large data analysis, mixed reality technology allows to build situational awareness data models, thus providing data support for teaching interaction and disease simulations. In the present work, the application of mixed reality technology and situational awareness in clinical teaching of cardiac macrovascular surgery is explored innovatively. These technologies open a new avenue for teaching, solving the issue that stymies traditional teaching approaches and improving the teaching efficiency. It is thus important to explore and promote the applications of this innovative teaching methodology particularly in clinical teaching.

Medical statistical methods and theory is an indispensable tool for the medical researchers in their study. Under the information condition,the traditional teaching in class has been difficult to meet the researchers’ requirement on a wide range of statistical knowledge. The department built a pluralism "Medical Statistics" teaching model which includes "Inquiry training model,Extension teaching window,Combination of inside and outside training". The result provides a new way of medical statistics teaching revolution.

Objective To explore the feasibility of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI to detect the chronic hepatitis b-induced early kidney injury. Methods Seventeen clinically diagnosed chronic hepatitis b patients with early kidney injury and 10 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this preliminary study. The 17 patients underwent dynamic nuclear renography and then subdivided into stage 1 kidney injury group (n=7) and stage 2 kidney injury group (n=10). All of the enrolled subjects underwent BOLD examination and T2* relaxation rates (R2*) of renal cortex and medulla of split kidney, and the ratio between them (R2*med/cor) were measured separately. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed on the control group and chronic hepatitis b patients group (kidney injury stage 1 and stage 2 group) to compare the difference of renal cortical and medullary R2*values and R2*med/cor ratio. ROC curves were used to evaluate the efficacy of renal cortical and medullary R2* values and R2*med/cor ratio to diagnose the chronic hepatitis b-induced kidney injury. Results The cortical R2*values of control group, stage 1 kidney injury group and stage 2 kidney injury group were(16.87 ± 0.74)/s,(17.88 ± 0.73)/s,(20.29 ± 2.87)/s, respectively;the medullar R2*values of control group, stage 1 kidney injury group and stage 2 kidney injury group were (28.07±1.03)/s,(31.14±2.49)/s,(32.81±3.28)/s, respectively;R2*med/cor of the of control group, stage 1 kidney injury group and stage 2 kidney injury group were 1.67 ± 0.09, 1.75 ± 0.16, 1.63 ± 0.13, respectively, and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant (F values were 17.779, 19.170 and 3.439 , all P<0.05). Furthermore, the renal cortical and medullary R2* values of chronic hepatitis b patients were significantly higher than the control group, and the the renal cortical R2* value of the patients in stage 2 kidney injury group was also higher than the stage 1 kidney injury group. The area under curve (AUC) of ROC of the renal cortical and medullary R2*values and R2*med/cor to diagnose chronic HBV hepatitis-induced early kidney injury were 0.903, 0.949 and 0.526, respectively. Conclusion It's feasible and has great value to use renal BOLD MRI for the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis b-induced early kidney injury, and the renal cortex is more sensitive than the medulla to the kidney injury.

Objective To explore the early diagnostic marker and mechanism of the injury of in- testinal mucosal barrier induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups:the sham operation group(SO),the ischemia 15 minutes group(A),the ischemia 45 minutes group(B),the ischemia 45 minutes plus reperfusion 2 hours group (C),the ischemia 45 minutes plus reperfusion 6 hours group(D),and the ischemia 45 minutes plus reperfusion 12 hours group(E).Using clamping and then releasing superior mesenteric artery the model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats was made.The sham operation group only underwent laparotomy. At different time points after ischemia and reperfusion the levels of serum CK,LDH,D-lactate and intes- tinal fatty acid binding protein(IFABP)in each group were examined.The morphological changes of in- testinal tissues were observed with light microscopy.Results Compared with group SO,the level of se- rum IFABP in group A was(374.74?48.85)pg/ml,significantly higher(P＜0.01),but the level of CK,LDH and D-lactate had no significant difference(all P＞0.05).In group B,the level of CK was (1090.40?187.51)u/L,peaking at 45 minutes after ischemia,meanwhile,D-lactate and IFABP levels were significantly increased(P＜0.01,respectively).In group C,D-lactate and IFABP were (2.51?0.19)?g/ml and (1601.42?286.81 )pg/ml,respectively,peaking at 2 hours after reperfusion (P＜0.01).At 6 hours after reperfusion,compared with ischemia 45 minutes,CK level was significantly de- creased(P＜0.01),LDH had no significant difference(P＞0.05),but the levels of D-lactate and IF- ABP were(2.03?0.24)?g/ml and(1443.76?174.52)pg/ml,respectively,all sustained a high lev- el(P＜0.01 ).At 12 hours after reperfusion,D-lactate and IFABP levels were gradually decreased(P＜0.01).At 45 minutes after ischemia the morphological changes of intestinal mucosa could be observed. At 6 hours after reperfusion part of the mucous layer appeared necrotic,some intestinal mucosal cells shed to enteric cavity,and submucous layer had hyperemia and edema obviously.Injury scores of intestinal mucosa were significantly correlated to the serum level of D-lactate and IFABP,correlation coefficients were 0.456,0.612(P＜0.01).Conclusion The monitoring of serum IFABP combined with D-lac- tate is a early,sensitive and specific biochemical marker in the diagnosis of intestinal mucosal barrier in- jury after ischemia-reperfusion.

OBJECTIVE To understand the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus epidermidis causing urinary tract infection. METHODS Thirty five isolates were collected in the patients with urinary tract infection during 2003-2004 to test the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) to erythromycin,ampicillin,cefoxitin,ceftriaxone,teicoplanin,ciprofloxacin,tetracycline,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin.The genes of ermA,ermB,ermC,msrA,mecA,and icaA were amplified by PCR.The biofilm producing of the isolates was determined by the quantitative method.The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) was used to discriminate the homology among the isolates. RESULTS Among the isolates,MRSE accounted for 71.4%.The antibiotic susceptibility to erythromycin,ampicillin,ceftriaxone,ciprofloxacin,tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were 22.8%,6.34%,34.9%,26.9%,44.4% and 62.2%,respectively,whereas to teicoplanin and vancomycin were 99.2% and 100%.All the isolates resistant to cefoxitin carried mecA.ermC Was the predominant determinant among the erythromycin resistant isolates.Among the 14 icaA positive isolates,10 isolates were biofilm producing.All the isolates were classified into 18 types by PFGE. CONCLUSIONS The high and multiple antibiotic resistance of S.epidermidis isolates causing urinary tract infection were shown.The detection of icaA gene in clinical S.epidermidis isolates was a signal of their pathogenicity.

Objective To investigate the effects of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) overexpression on the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8),martix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and invasion of human cervical cancer SiHa cells.Methods Chemical synthesis MIF eDNA gene,designed primer sequence including XhoI and BamHI enzyme sites,MIF gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),constructed eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1/MIF and transfected into SiHa cells using Lipofectamine and won over-expression of MIF.The expression of MIF in supernatant fluid was detected by ELISA,the expression of MIF,IL-8,MMP-9 in both mRNA and protein levels were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative-PCR and immunocytochemistry respectively.The effect of over-expressed MIF on migration was detected by Boyden small chamber.Results The expression of protein in supernatant fluid transfected with pEGFP-N1/MIF was significantly increased (Fgroup =8267.564,P ＜ 0.01),the expression of MIF,IL-8,MMP-9 in both mRNA and protein in SiHa cells transfected with pEGFP-N1/MIF were significantly increased (F values were 7019.619,2148.094,3303.540,1565.114,2807.300,523.466,P ＜ 0.01),and there was a positive correlation among MIF,IL-8,MMP-9 expression in both mRNA and protein (r values were 0.865,0.895,0.934,0.908,P ＜ 0.01).Invasion ability in SiHa cells transfected with pEGFP-N1/MIF was obviously increased (F=3430.898,P＜ 0.01).Conclusion The over-expression MIF gene in SiHa cells can promote cervical cancer cell invasion and metastasis of ability,which could be associated with the upregulation of IL-8 and MMP-9 expression.

Abstract: Objective - - To establish a pre column derivatization high performance liquid chromatography method for detecting Methods dimethyl sulfate (DMS) in workplace air. DMS in workplace air was collected with mercaptopyridine impregnated （ silicone tube. The derivative of DMS and mercaptopyridine was eluted by mobile phase phase A: water, phase B: acetonitrile, ∶ the volume ratio was 40 60) , and separated with a C18 column, then detected with diode array detector and quantitated by a Results - standard curve. The linear range of DMS was 0.17 40.00 mg/L, with the correlation coefficient of 0.999 95. The detection limit and the lower limit of quantitation were 0.05 and 0.17 mg/L respectively. The minimum detection concentration and minimum quantitation concentration were 0.02 and 0.04 mg/m³, respectively (air sample volume of 4.5 L, 1.0 mL sample - - - solution). The average desorption efficiency was 98.40% 102.00%. The within run and between run relative standard deviations - - were 0.61% 3.92% and 1.71% 6.00%, respectively. The samples could be stored at room temperature for at least 14 days. Conclusion This method can be used to detect DMS in workplace air.

Abstract: Nitrobenzene compounds (NBCs) are widely used in the world. It has 40 isomers such as nitrobenzene, dinitrobenzene and nitrotoluene, that are highly toxic and difficult to degrade and can cause harm to human health in different degrees. At pres⁃ ent, there is no unified standard method and occupational exposure limit for the detection of NBCs in the air. In terms of sampling medium, solid adsorption tube is mostly used for trapping vapor state NBCs, and filter membrane and solid adsorption tube are mostly used in series for sampling coexist NBCs in vapor state and aerosol state. In the detection methods, gas chromatography and liquid chromatography are common, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry, Raman spectroscopy, ion migration spectrometry and some other rapid response methods and technologies are also used in the detection of NBCs. In the detection of NBCs by gas chro⁃ matography, capillary column separation is commonly used, and the main detectors are flame ionization detector, electron capture detector and mass spectrometry detector. It is of practical significance to establish a method with high sensitivity, strong practica⁃ bility, convenient operation, and can simultaneously collect and detect a variety of NBCs in different states.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Chronic Disease ; Daunorubicin ; adverse effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heart Failure ; chemically induced ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adult ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; diagnosis ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; diagnosis ; Humans