The rodipicolinate synthase gene was cloned from Nicotiana tabacum L.cv,which encodes the key enzyme in the synthesis of lysine,and then a vitro molecular reform reliefing feedback suppression was made. Some resistant seedlings were acquired using the mutated gene as selectable marker and analog of lysine as selectable reagent,and the detection results were positive by means of PCR and Real-Time PCR,however the phenotype is somewhat abnormal.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)and glycated albumin(GA) in hyperglycemia patients with liver cirrhosis (LCH).Methods One hundred LCH patients were divided into anemia and no-anemia group by Hb 110 g/L The no-anemia group was further divided into low albumin (serum albumin ＜ 30 g/L),and high albumin group (serum albumin 30-＜40 g/L).One hundred type 2 diabetes without liver cirrhosis were included as control group (T2DM).HbA1c,GA,fasting plasma glucose (FPG),postprandial 2h plasma glucose (2hPG) were collected for statistical analysis.Results (1) The HbA1c level in LCH with anemia tended lower than that in T2DM subjects [(6.76 ±2.20)％ vs (7.34 ± 1.23)％,P =0.06];though the level of GA [(19.10 ±7.47)％vs (16.68 ±2.90)％,P＜0.01] and 2hPG [(12.09 ±3.39) mmol/L vs (10.84 ±2.95) mmol/L,P＜0.05] were significantly higher than that in T2DM group.(2) No-anemia subjects in LCH group with albumin ＜ 30 g/L had obviously higher GA levels than those with albumin 30-＜ 40 g/L and T2DM (albumin≥40 g/L) [(18.79 ±2.28)％ vs (16.71 ±2.42)％ and (16.73 ±2.96)％,P＜0.01];though the level of HbA1c of three groups above has no significant difference.(3) The level of HbA1c between LCH without anemia group and T2DM group had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05);and the level of GA between LCH without anemia group with albumin 30-＜ 40 g/L and T2DM group had no significant difference(P ＞0.05).(4) The HbA1c has a positive correlation with FPG and 2hPG in LCH (FPG∶r =0.45,P＜0.001;2hPG∶r =0.33,P=0.001) and T2DM subjects (FPG∶ r =0.76,P＜0.001;2hPG∶r =0.81,P ＜ 0.001).GA also has a positive correlation with FPG and 2hPG in LCH (FPG∶ r =0.48,P ＜0.001;2hPG:r=0.39,P ＜0.001) and T2DM subjects (FPG∶ r =0.74,P ＜0.001;2hPG∶ r =0.76,P ＜0.001).Conclusion It is unfavorable to use HbA1c to evaluate the blood glucose level in liver cirrhosis patients with Hb ＜ 110 g/L and to use GA in patients with serum albumin ＜ 30 g/L.

The sulfonylureas as insulin secretagogues,have formed a cornerstone of pharmacotherapy for type 2 diabetes over 50 years.Although sulfonylureas are effective antihyperglycemic agents,individual variability exists in drug response (i.e.,pharmacodynamics) and adverse effects which may be related to some genes.This article mainly reviews the advance of recent studies about drug metabolism and pharmacogenomics of sulfonylureas.

Pachydermoperiostosis is a rare genetic disease affecting both skin and bones. Excluding some secondary causes such as pulmonary or cardiac disease, young men with digital clubbing, pachydermia and periostosis should be considered to be suffering from pachydermoperiostosis.

Objective:To study the influence of vitamin C ( VC) on dendritic cells ( DC) ,and detect DC maturation,to provide a feasible method and thought for quickly preparating DC vaccines.Methods:Collected the peripheral blood (about 50 ml) from healthy volunteers,and isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells with lymphocyte separation medium and obtain DC.With stimulating with different concentrations of VC for (24 h),then washed with PBS,and set up blank control group (V0).The expression of DC surface co-stimulating molecules CD80/86 and HLA-DR, CD40 was detected by flow cytometry.By setting the concentration gradient and time gradient, exciting optimal concentration and stimulating time of VC on DC, and analyzed the reasons of VC promoting DC maturation.Results:VC could effectively stimulate DC,CD80/86 expression had significantly increased contrast to the blank control group (V0).And the experiments show that VC’s best stimulating concentration was 1 mmol/L,and on the third day,the CD80/86 expression rate of VC group was (78.6±4.6) %,and blank control group V0 was (34.1±5.7) %.DC surface HLA-DR expression:VC (56.8± 4.4) %,blank control group V0 (25.4 ±4.7) %,the difference between two groups was statistically significant,P<0.05.CD40 and CD40L expression and results show that VC 2.5 mmol/L group of CD40 expression rate up to (59.3±3.7) %,while V0 group was only (11.1 ±2.4) %,that illustrate VC could significantly regulate CD40 expression on DC surface,but CD40L not reflect.Fluorescence mi-croscope results showed that DC’ s antigen catching ability was also significantly promoted.Conclusion:VC can significantly regulate DC maturity,and may up regulate CD40,thus promoting the express of CD80/86 and HLA-DR.When the concentration is 1 mmol/L,VC expresses the strongest regulation function on DC.

Aged ; Fasciitis, Necrotizing ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Mediastinitis ; complications ; Neck ; pathology

Objective To explore the pattern of lymph node metastasis in patitsen with squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus and its significance in lymphadenectomy.Methods The clinical data of 230 patients who received radical esophagectomy with three-field lymphadenectomy was analyzed.The metastatic sites of lymph nodes were correlated with tumor location by chi-square test.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between clinic pathoingical factors and lymph node metastasis.Results Lymph node metastases were found in 133 of the 230 patients(57.8%).The average number of resected lymph nodes was 25.3? 11.4 per patient(range 11～71).The rates of lymph node metastasis were 41.6%,19.44%and 8.3%in the neck,thoracic medi- astinum and abdominal cavity for patients with upper thoracic esophageal carcinoma,33.3%,34.7%and 14%for patients with mid- die thoracic esophageal carcinoma and 36.4 %,34.1%and 43.2 %for patients with lower thoracic esophageal carcinoma.No signifi- cant difference in cervical or thoracic metastatic rate was observed among upper,middle and lower thoracic carcinoma.The difference in lymph node metastatic rate for nodes in the abdominal cavity was significant among upper,middle and lower thoracic carcinoma. The lower thoracic esophageal cancers were more likely to metastasize to the abdominal cavity.Logistic-regression showed depth of tu- mor invasion and angiolymphatic invasion were factors influencing lymph node metastasis.Conclusion Cervical and mediastinal node dissection should be performed independently from tumor location.Abdominal node dissection should be conducted more vigorously for lower thoracic esophageal cancer than of other locations.Patients with greater tumor grade,depth of tumor invasion and angiolymphatic invasion were more prone to develop lymph node metastasis.

Objective To study the inner diameter and hemodynamics of ophthalmic artery(OA)and central retinal artery(CRA)in hyperuricemia by Enhance-flow(eFlow)imaging and spectral Doppler.Methods One hundred and one patients with hyperuricemia and 30 volunteers were selected,the inner diameter in eFlow imaging and the peak systolic velocities(PSV),the end diastolic velocities(EDV),the resistive index(RI)were measured,and pulsatility index(PI)of OA and CRA were measured by spectral Doppler.The 101 patients were divided into two groups according to the time of diagnosing hyperuricemia,one group had a diagnosis of hyperuricemia for more than five years and the other had such a diagnosis for less than five years.The data were compared by t-test.Then,the patients were further divided into a group of hyperuricemia combined with hypertension and the other without hypertension.The differences between the experimental group and the group of volunteers were carried out by One-way ANOVA,the comparison between two groups were analyzed with SNK.Results The RI(0.68±0.09)and PI(1.3±0.4)of OA in patients who were diagnosed as hyperuricemia for more than 5 years was higher[RI:0.63±0.09,PI:1.1±0.3(t=3.504,P=0.001 ;t=3.164,P=0.002)],the EDV[(6±3)cm/s]of OA was lower than those patients with a diagnosis of hyperuricemia for less than 5 years[(8±5)cm/s,t=1.988,P=0.049].The PSV[(11.5±3.5)cm/s]and EDV[(3.7±1.1)cm/s]of CRA in hyperuricemia combination hypertension group was lower,and the RI (0.88±1.40)was higher than hyperuricemia without hypertension group[PSV:(13.5±4.0)cm/s,EDV:(4.1±1.2)cm/s,RI:0.67±0.08].Conclusion By eFlow and spectral Doppler,we have found that hyperu-ricemia could accelerate OA and CRA atherosclerosis.The eFlow and spectral Doppler are valuable methods to study the hemodynamics in ophthalmic artery of patients with hyperuricemia.

One hundred and fifty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ infants scheduled to undergo surgery on unilateral inguinal region,were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 50 in each group.In groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ puncture was performed at traversus abdominis plane under ultrasound-guidance,0.4 or 0.5/kg of 0.25％ ropivacaine was injected respectively.In group Ⅲ the triangle of Petit was positioned through palpating and then 0.5 ml/kg of 0.25％ ropivacaine was injected.HR,RR,SpO2,PETCO2,expired sevoflurane concentration and BIS value at the time of entering the operation room (T1),incision of skin (T2),pulling hernia sac (T3),ending the surgery (T4),waking (T5),the number of pressing the analgesia pump after operation were recorded.The results showed that HR at T2 and T3 of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was lower than group Ⅲ (P ＜ 0.05).The were significant differences in case numbers of insufficient intraoperative analgesia among 3 groups(x2 =10.500,P =0.005).The CHEOPS scores and the number of pressing analgesia pump after operation in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were lower than those in group Ⅲ (x2 =7.230,P =0.027).Results indicate that ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block is safer and more effective than conventional method for operations of inguinal region in infants; it may reduce dose of local anesthetics and postoperative use of analgesics.

BACKGROUND:Hydrothermal condition of oral environment has an effect on the mechanical properties of dental core materials.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate effect of water storage on the weight change rates and flexural properties of three dual-cure core buildup composite resins.
METHODS: Rectangular specimens (25 mm×2 mm×2 mm) were prepared from three dual-cure core buildup composite resins (LuxaCore Smartmix Dual, Para core and Clearfil DC Core). Specimens were stored in distiled water at 37℃ for 0, 1 day, 1, 2, 3 weeks and 1 month, respectively, weighted and then subjected to three-point bending test in a universal testing machine.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Weight change rates of the three composite resins increased with immersion time; at the same immersion time, weight change rates of three composite resins ranked as the folowing order: LuxaCore Smartmix Dual > ParaCore > Clearfil DC Core. The flexural strength of LuxaCore Smartmix Dual decreased with immersion time. The flexural strength of ParaCore showed no significant change during 3 weeks immersion (P > 0.05), while it showed a significant decreasing after 1 month immersion (P < 0.05). There was no significant change on the flexural strength of Clearfil DC Core in the whole immersion process(P > 0.05). The flexural modulus of LuxaCore Smartmix Dual showed a decreased trend in the whole immersion process, but it showed that there was no significant change during the first 2 weeks(P > 0.05), while a significant decrease occurred after 3 weeks and 1 month (P < 0.05). Compared with original specimens, the flexural modulus of ParaCore and Clearfil DC Core showed a decreased trend, but this change was not significant (P > 0.05); the flexural properties of three composite resins showed a fluctuant decreased trend along with weight changes increased. To sum up, Clearfil DC Core showed the best water resistance among three composite resins.