Spinal cord injury occurs with an average annual incidence of 15 40 cases per million of population. The costs of treatment and rehabilitation in the living period of patients with spinal cord injury are very high. Prevention, therapy and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury have become a major subject in medical science. The aim of this article is to summarize the statistics of incidence, etiological factors, clinical characteristics and complications in patients with spinal cord injury.

Objective To study the effect of fetal transplants on the fu nctional recovery after spinal cord transection in new born and adult rats. Meth ods The spinal cord tissue at E14 of a rat fetal was transferred into the hemise ction cavity at lumbar spinal cord in the newborn and adult rats. 4, 8, 12 weeks after the operation, spinal cord tissue morphology, combined behavioral score ( CBS), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP), and motor evoked potentials (MEP) w ere examined. Results The transplanted tissue survived in the host spinal cord. There was a statistical difference in CBS between the newborn graft group and th e adult graft group. The peak latencies of early waves in SEPs and MEPs of the n ewborn graft group were superior to those of the adult graft group (P

Objective To investigate the protective effect of trichostatin-A (TSA) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signal pathway.Methods 36 male SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into 3 groups:shamoperated group,ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and TSA group.Rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO) was established using a modified filament method.No occlusion was applicated to the sham-operated group.TSA group was injected with TSA 0.05 mg/kg via penile vein,20 minutes before operation.Reperfusion was carried out 24 hours after modeling.Longa 5 score was used to assess the neurological function,and TTC staining was applied to calculate the percentage of cerebral infarction area,The expression of JAK2 and p-JAK2 proteins was detected by Elisa.Results The low expression of JAK2 was observed in each group,and there was no statistical difference between groups (P =0.266).Compared with I/R group,TSA group had lower score in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury assessment (P=0.019),smaller area of cerebral infarction (P ＜0.01),reduced expression of p-JAK2 (P =0.009),all of which were of significant difference.Condusions TSA can reduce the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via JAK/STAT signal pathway by down regulating p-JAK2 expression.

Allergic rhinitis is a common disease, which was released by the IgE-mediated atopic individuals exposed to allergens in the earlier researches. However, there are variety of immunocompetent cells and cytokines involved in the nasal mucosa immunologic mechanism in nowadays researches. The mechanism of AR is caused by the imbalance of the Th1/Th2, a kind of allergic inflammation who is characterized by the nasal Th2 immune response dominant. Th1 cells mainly produce of IFN-gamma (does not include IL-4 and IL-5), Th2 cells produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 (not including IFN-gamma). Recently it was found that regulatory T cells (T regulatory cells, Treg) and Th17 cell research played a crucial role in the occurrence of allergic inflammation.
Cytokines ; immunology ; Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; prevention & control

Pinellia ternata(Thunb)Breit.was one of the common herbs in clinic and pharmaceutical industry of traditional Chinese medicine.Because of being over excavated of wild Pinellia temata(Thunb)Breit.year by year,the supply was unable to meet the demand at domestic market.In order to keep the supply richly and utilization persistently,we have studied the planting of wild Pinellia ternata(Thunb)Breit.for years.This paper was focused on the reviews of technology about breeding,planting,field management,cropping,processing and store of Pinellia ternata(Thunb)Breit.

AIM: To explore the way and the feasible time of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplanting to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rats, and to investigate the migration of OECs after transplanted to EAE and the possible mechanism of inducing the protective effect. METHODS: The Lewis rats, which were divided into MOG group and GPSCH group according to the induction by MOG~Igd and GPSCH separately, were used to made EAE model. The animals in MOG group were divided into 3 subsets: OECs blank group (MOG0 group, 4 rats );OECs transplantation by vena caudalis (MOG1 group, 7 rats);OECs transplantation by lateral cerebral ventricle (MOG2 group, 4 rats). The animals in GPSCH group were also divided into 2 subsets: OECs blank group (GPSCH0 group, 4 rats);OECs transplanted by vena caudalis (GPSCH1 group, 4 rats). OECs transplanted through different ways in peak incidence, then the rats were measured to determine whether the symptom was ameliorated. Two weeks after transplantion, the rats were killed and the methods of histofluorescence and histopathology (HE staining and Luxol fast blue staining) were used to examine the distribution of the labeled OECs in EAE rats' bodies and to explore whether there was some amelioration in histology. RESULTS: After OECs transplantation by vena caudalis or lateral cerebral ventricle, the rats' symptom improved. Compared to OECs blank groups, there was significant difference in clinical scores (F=18.470, P<0.01;t=-7.147, P<0.01). No significant difference between MOG1 group and MOG2 group was observed (P>0.05). The labeled OECs entered into the brain through the broken blood-brain-barrier after transplantation by vena caud-alis, the labeled OECs near the subpial area and around the lesions were found. OECs transplantation by the way of lateral cerebral ventricle showed great migration potential, the cells moved towards to the lesions extensively. No significant difference between OECs transplantation group and OECs blank group in histopathology (HE staining and LFB staining) was observed (P>0.05), and the same thing also happened between MOG1 group and MOG2 group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The transplantation of adult rats' OECs improves the EAE rats' symptom at some degree by the ways of vena caudalis or lateral cerebral ventricle.

Objective To analyze the composition principles of Chinese patent drugs containing Rehmanniae Radix;To provide reference for clinical application and new drug research and development.Methods Based on the software Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (V2.0), the authors built prescription database containing Rehmanniae Radix in National Standard for Chinese Patent Drugs (NSCPD). Then the authors adopted the statistical module by using data mining methods such as association rules and improved mutual information method, with a purpose to analyze the attending disease, combination rules and the core groups in prescriptions containing Rehmanniae Radix.Results In 357 prescriptions containing Rehmanniae Radix, 17 most commonly used drug combinations were mined. Meanwhile, two diseases, namely, insomnia and vertigo were chosen from the 22 diseases that Rehmanniae Radix was most frequently used to make deeper analysis, showing that Rehmanniae Radix can achieve different therapeutic effects through different compatibility.Conclusion Prescriptions containing Rehmanniae Radixin NSCPD mainly concentrate on clear heat and cool blood, and nourish Yin. The composition principles obtained from the research that Rehmanniae Radix used when curing different diseases can fully play the efficacy of RehmanniaeRadix and provide evidence for clinical scientific formulae.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in elderly patients with permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation due to bradyarrhythmias, and the relationship between pacing mode and patients' sleep apnea-hypopnea index.Methods Forty-four elderly patients (＞60 years) with cardiac pacemaker and their 44 controls matched for gender, age, body mass index and cardiovascular morbidity were studied using polysomnography or portable sleep monitoring device. Results Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (apnea-hypopnea index ≥5/h) was 44.7% and the mean apnea-hypopnea index was 8.2 ±4.1/h in the cardiac pacemaker group, which were significantly higher than those in control subjects (25% and 4.6±2.4/h, respectively, P＜0.01 and P＜0.05). The mean apnea-hypopnea index of patients with DDD or AAI pacemaker was significantly lower than that of patients with VVI pacemaker. Conclusions Sleep-disordered breathing was more common in patients who had their cardiac pacemaker implanted due to bradyarrhythmias than in their matched controls. Compared with VVI pacing, DDD or AAI pacing may be more beneficial to patients with bradyarrhythmias and sleep-disordered breathing.

Objective To observe the effect ofprostaglandin E1 intravenously in the improvement of the function of renal glomeruli and renal tubules in hypertensive patients complicated with microalbuminuria.Methods Totally 60 hypertensive patients complicated with microalbuminuria and nocturia who had received losartan for above 12 weeks,according to random number table method were divided into treatment group and control group,with 30 cases in each group.Original antihypertensive drugs were used continuously in treatment group and control group,and patients in treatment group received prostaglandin E1 intravenously for 3 courses of treatment,with losartan and other antihypertensive drugs routinely.Using self-contrast before and after treatment and contrast with control group,the change of urinary level of microalbumin (mALB),osmotic pressure,β2-microglodulin (β 2-MG) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were compared.Results The blood pressure after treatment in both groups were decreased,but there was no statistically significant difference compared with that before treatment (P ＞ 0.05).After treatment of 12 weeks,urinary levels of mALB,β 2-MG and NAG in treatment group were lower than those in control group [(88.6 ± 14.2)μg/min vs.(123.9 ± 14.8) μg/min,(0.84 ±0.41) mg/L vs.(1.61 ±0.49) mg/L,(30.2 ± 10.5) U/L vs.(75.7 ± 12.8) U/L],and osmotic pressure was higher than that in control group [(591 ± 71) mmol/L vs.(454 ± 67) mmol/L],the difference had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Prostaglandin E1can reduce the renal ischemic state in early stage of hypertensive renal damage and can improve renal function.