Adult ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Psoriasis ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) on oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).

METHODSThirty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, diabetes group and treatment group( n = 10). Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was utilized to establish a rat model of DCM. The rats with DCM in treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with NaHS solution. After treated for 12 weeks, the hearts isolated from rats were perfused on a langendorff apparatus. The ventricular hemodynamic parameters were measured. The ultrastructures of myocardium were observed using electron microscopy. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in myocardial tissue were determined by spectrophotometry. The expressions of C/EBP homologous protein( CHOP), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and Caspase 12 at mRNA level in myocardium were detected using RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with control group, the cardiac function and myocardial ultrastructure were damaged obviously in diabetic rats. In myocardial tissue, the content of MDA was increased, while the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased. CHOP, GRP78 and Caspase 12 mRNA expressions were increased significantly. Compared with diabetes group, cardiac function and myocardial ultrastructure damage were improved in treatment group. The content of MDA was decreased, while the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were increased significantly. The mRNA levels of CHOP, GRP78 and Caspase 12 were increased.

CONCLUSIONH2S can protect myocardium in diabetic rats, maybe it is related to reduce oxidative stress damage and inhibition of the ERS-induced apoptosis pathway.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 12 ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies ; drug therapy ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; pharmacology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; ultrastructure ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Streptozocin ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor CHOP ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in kidneys of Type 1 diabetic rats.Methods:Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:A normal control (NC) group,a diabetes mellitus (DM) group,a NaHS (NaHS+DM) group,and a NaHS control (NaHS) group (n=8 per group).Type 1 diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg).After successful establishment of models,the rats in NaHS+DM and NaHS groups were injected with NaHS solution (56 μmol/kg) intraperitoneally.Eight weeks later,the activities of total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS) and iNOS,as well as the level of nitric oxide (NO) were detected in serum and renal tissues,respectively,The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was determined in renal tissues,The ultrastructures of renal tissues were observed by transmission electron microscope,The protein expression ofiNOS in renal tissues was detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with the NC group,there was no significant difference in the various indexes in the NaHS group (P＞0.05).However,in the DM group,the activities of T-NOS and iNOS,and the level of NO were all increased significantly in serum and renal tissues,while the activity of GSH-Px was decreased in renal tissues.Under the electronic microscope,the thickening of the glomerular capillary basement membrane,the proliferation of mesangial matrix,and the foot fusion were observed.The protein expression ofiNOS was increased obviously in renal tissues in the DM group (P＜0.01).Compared with the DM group,the activities of T-NOS and iNOS and the level of NO were all decreased in serum and renal tissues,while the activity of GSH-Px was increased in renal tissues in the NaHS+DM group (P＜0.01).The renal ultrastructural damages were ameliorated obviously.The protein expression ofiNOS was decreased significantly (P＜0.01).Conclusion:H2S exerts a protective effect on kidney injury in type 1 diabetic rats.The mechanism might be related to inhibition of iNOS activity and protein expression,in turn leading to reduction of NO content in renal tissues.

A biosurfactant-producing strain(S_6)was isolated from oil-containing wastewater in oxidation ditch and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on physiological and biochemical experiments and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.Infrared spectrum analysis revealed that S_6 produced glucolipid in the process of metabolism.It was observed that S_6 decreased the surface tension of water from 72 mN/m to 33.9 mN/m with the critical micelle concentration(CMC)of 50mg/L.The measurement of oil displacement and surface tension demonstrated that the fermented liquid had stable surface activity at varying range of salinity,pH,amount of dissolved oxygen.The optimal culture condition was obtained through orthogonal experiment:glucose 10g/L,urea 5g/L,KH_2PO_4 1g/L,liquor of microelement 2mL,pH 8.0,water 1000mL;and the biosurfactant production under optimal culture condition was 0.173g/L.

This paper is to study the feasibility of Chinese female pilot to fly fighterplane considering their physiological and biochemical tolerability to altitude anoxia. The altitude anorexia was simulated on the ground in female pilot and their electrocardiograph, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, blood uric acid(BUA), blood lactic acid(BLA), creatine kinase(CK) and aspantic aminotransferase(AST) were measured before and after flying, and the results were compared with that in the male pilots. There was no difference in electrocardiograph, heart rate, blood saturation, blood pressure, Cr, CK, BUA and AST in both sexes, but the Hb level was higher in female pilots than that in male ones( P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of kappa-Opioid receptors in the cardioprotection elicited by ischemic postconditioning and the underlying mechanism.

METHODSThe isolated perfused hearts of male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. formazan content of myocardium was measured spectrophotometrically, and the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the coronary effluent was also measured. In isolated ventricular myocytes hypoxia postconditioning was achieved by 3 cycles of 5 min reoxygenation/5 min hypoxia starting at the beginning of reoxygenation, and cell viability was measured.

RESULTIn the Langendorff perfused rat heart model, ischemic postconditioning (6 cycles of 10 s reperfusion/10 s global ischemia starting at the beginning of reperfusion) increased formazan content, reduced LDH release, improved the recovery of the left ventricular developed pressure, maximal rise/fall rate of left ventricular pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and rate pressure product (left ventricular developed pressure multiplied by heart rate), attenuated the decrease of coronary flow during reperfusion and increased the isolated cell viability. Pretreatment with nor-BNI, an antagonist of kappa-Opioid receptors and mitoK(ATP) blocker 5-HD attenuated the effect of ischemic/hypoxic postconditioning.

CONCLUSIONPostconditioning may protect myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion injury via activating kappa-Opioid receptors and mitoK(KATP).

Animals ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; methods ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Opioid, kappa ; metabolism ; physiology

Objective To investigate the effect of p53 protein on the nerve function of rats with acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by electro-acupuncture pretreatment. Methods A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group(n=24),model group(n=24) and electroacupuncture pretreatment group(n=24).Each group was equally divided into two hours and 72 hours subgroups. The neurological behavior was assessed with modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS). HE staining and TUNEL assay were used to observe the injury and cell apoptosis in ischemic brain,and Western blot-ting was used to detect the expression of p-p53(ser392),p53 and microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)II in ischemic area. Results Compared with the model group,the mNSS scores,the injury of brain tissue,the number of TUNEL-positive cells, and the level of p-p53 and LC3II decreased (P<0.05) in the electroacupuncture pretreatment group.Two hours after reperfusion,there was no significant difference in the level of p53 between the model group and the electroacupuncture pretreatment group(P>0.05),however,72 hours after reperfusion,the level of p53 decreased in the electroacupuncture pretreatment group(P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture pretreatment can improve neurological deficit in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats,which may be related to the involvement of p53 protein in autophagy and apoptosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect on synthesis of nitric oxide in myocardium by local cryoablation and to investigate its mechanism.

METHODSMyocardium was cryoablated locally by a probe cooled to -60 degrees C and rewarmed by normal salt solution, nitric oxide and its synthesis enzyme were measured before and after cryoablation. L-arginine or methylene blue was added before and during cryoablation and the effect of these drugs on synthesis of nitric oxide was studied.

RESULTSNitric oxide and its synthesis enzyme decreased after cryoablation; L-arginine preserved the synthesis of nitric oxide and methylene blue inhibited the synthesis of nitric oxide. However, nitric oxide in serum did not change.

CONCLUSIONNitric oxide and its synthesis enzyme in myocardium decrease after cryoablation.

Animals ; Cryosurgery ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nitric Oxide ; biosynthesis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Rabbits

Bifidobacterium BB-12 belongs to the 12th strain of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis BB-12, commonly used in infant formula powder, food additives and yogurt, and is the most documented Bifidobacterium.In this review, we describe the effect of BB-12 on gut microbiota, and investigate the effects of BB-12 on regulating immune function, reducing infection and improving resistance in infants, children and adults.