Objective To observe the effects of Jianpi Huoxue Prescription on the subcutaneous transplantation of tumor cell apoptosis and angiogenesis; To discuss its possible mechanism of action. Methods SMMC-7721 hepatoma mice models were established. 60 tumor bearing male mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, 5-Fu group, Jianpi Huoxue Prescription high-, medium- and low-dosage groups, with 10 rats in each group. Model group and Jianpi Huoxue Prescription high-, medium- and low-dosage groups were given medicine with relevant concentrations for gavage, once a day. 5-Fu group was given 5-Fu for intraperitoneal injection every other day. The weight, tumor weight and tumor inhibitory rate of each group were compared two weeks later. The protein expressions of VEGF and VEGFR-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry, microvessel density (MVD) were calculated, and the expressions of Survivin and Caspase-3 mRNA were detected by RT-qPCR. Results Compared with model group, protein expressions of VEGF and VEGFR-2, MVD, Caspase-3 and Survivin mRNA decreased in Jianpi Huoxue Prescription high-, medium- and low-dosage groups, and the most obvious differences were in 5-Fu group and Jianpi Huoxue Prescription high-dosage group (P<0.05). Conclusion Jianpi Huoxue Prescription can inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting angiogenesis and inducing apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the effects ofWenyujinessential oil on tau protein phosphorylation in mice with Alzheimer Disease (AD); To discuss the relevant mechanism of action.MethodsSixty Kunming mice were divided into six groups randomly: sham-operation group, model group,Wenyujin essential oil low- and high-dose group, donepezil group andShenzhiling group.β-Amyloid protein (Aβ25-35) was infused into the hippocampal of mice. Mice in each group were given relevant medicine for gavage for 15 d. After the last administration, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of tau protein phosphorylation points (Ser 404 and Thr 231). Western blot was used to detect tau protein phosphorylation points and the expression of PI3K/Akt protein. Results Compared with sham-operation group, tau protein phosphorylation points in the model group increased (P<0.05), but the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, tau protein phosphorylation (Thr231 and Ser404) inWenyujin essential oil high-dose group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt increased(P<0.01). ConclusionWenyujinessential oil can inhibit tau protein phosphorylation in mice. The possible mechanism may be related to the PI3K/Akt signal pathway.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of oxidative stress on the expression of endothelialleukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) in porcine trabecular meshwork cells and to elucidate the relationship between the expression of ELAM-1 and IL-1alpha.

METHODSPrimary cultured porcine trabecular meshwork cells were cultured without serum and treated with 1 mmol/L H2O2 with or without pretreatment of IL-1ralpha of different concentrations. The expression of ELAM-1 was tested by immunocytochemistry.

RESULTSELAM-1 immunocytochemistry staining was positive in the H2O2-treated porcine trabecular meshwork cells. It was negative in the porcine trabecular meshwork cells pretreated with IL-1alpha of high concentrations (180 microg/ml and 600 microg/ml).

CONCLUSIONSOxidative stress can induce the expression of ELAM-1 in porcine trabecular meshwork cells. In the in vitro cell system, IL-1ralpha of high concentration can inhibit the expression of ELAM-1 induced by oxidative stress.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; E-Selectin ; biosynthesis ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; pharmacology ; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; Swine ; Trabecular Meshwork ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the travel, divisions, and the lengths, diameters, branches, artery supplies of the main segments of maxillary nerve.

METHODSFifty formalin-preserved adult half-head specimens with intravascular injection of red color emulsion were used for the gross and microanatomical studies of maxillary nerve. The lengths, diameters, branches and artery supplies of four main segments of maxillary nerve were observed. SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.

RESULTSThe length and diameter of cranial middle fossa segment of maxillary nerve were (10.70 ± 1.31) mm and (4.01 ± 0.52) mm respectively, which was supplied by inferior-lateral cavernous sinus artery. The length and diameter of pterygopalatine fossa segment were (16.21 ± 1.80) mm and (3.27 ± 0.62) mm respectively, in which one zygomatic branch, one to three posterior superior alveolar nerves, two ganglion branches and tuberal descending branches; were given off, and the segment was supplied by foramen rotundum artery. The length and diameter of infraorbital segment were (25.73 ± 2.03) mm and (3.30 ± 0.52) mm and it gave off middle superior alveolar nerve (64%) and anterior superior alveolar nerve and was supplied by infraorbital artery. Facial segment gave off superior labial branches, internal and external nasal branches, inferior palpebral branches, buccal branch and zygomatic branch and these branches were supplied by infraorbital artery and superior labial and angular artery originating from facial artery.

CONCLUSIONSUnderstanding of travel and artery supply of maxillary nerve is helpful to regional anaesthesia and surgery for maxillary nerve. Foramen rotundum, sphenopalatine foramen and infraorbital nerve are important marks for endoscopic surgery in pterygopalatine fossa.

Adult ; Cavernous Sinus ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Maxillary Artery ; anatomy & histology ; Maxillary Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; blood supply

Objective To survey the highly risk iodine deficiency regions of Shandong Province and to provide reference basis for further executing urgent iodine supply. Methods The annual document of cretinism in Licheng District in Jinan City and Shouguang City, the two iodine deficiency regions, were referred. Forty children aged 8-10 years of 2 targeted schools from 3 towns out of every targeted region underwent palpation, ultrasonography and As3+-Ce4+catalyzing speetrophotometry for ultra iodine examination. Twenty women aged 18-40 years from 2 villages sampled from every targeted town received ultra iodine examination and edible salt examination of iodine with direct titration. Results No new cretinism and suspected cretinism was found since 1995 in the regions. The goiter rates of children of the two regions detected with palpation and ultrasonography were 7.5% (18/241),6.2% (15/241) and 5.0% (13/259), 1.2% (3/259), respectively. Two hundred forty and 249 urine samples were respectively collected in school children, in which the median urinary iodine was 226.3,282.7 μg/L. One hundred twenty urine samples were respectively collected from the two group of women, resulting a median urinary iodine of 187.2,321.7 μg/L. Eight and 2 salt samples were free of iodine in 120 salt samples collected each region, respectively. The rate of qualified iodized salt was 100%. Conclusions It is not necessary to urgently implement iodine supply in Shouguang City and Licheng District. However, reinforcement of supervise on salt industry and eliminating the hazard from non-iodized and disqualified iodized salt remains in need.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and safety of secreted interferon in treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

METHODSA multi-center randomized open-label controlled clinical trial was carried out. The patients of the study group were treated by secretory human interferon alpha-2a, and the patients of the control group were treated with an ordinary interferon.

RESULTSALT normalization rate in the secreted interferon group was 48.3% and it was higher at the end of treatment than that of the control group, but there was no difference between the two groups at the end of the follow-up. HBV DNA dropped more in the study drug group, but there was no difference in the normalization rate between the two groups. HBeAg seroconversions in secreted interferon group and in the control interferon group were 19.0% and 18.4% respectively. The safety of the two types of interferon was satisfactory.

CONCLUSIONSSecreted interferon was superior to ordinary interferon in ALT normalization and HBV DNA drop at the end of treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients, but there was no difference at the end of the follow-up. There was also no difference in HBeAg negative and HBeAg seroconversion between the two groups.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B virus ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Recombinant Proteins ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE To study the differentiation of PC12 cells induced by total salvianolic acid (Tsa) and the mechanism. METHODS MTT assay was used to detect the effect of Tsa 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 μg·L-1on proliferation of PC12 cells and on the cells damaged by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD).The number of projections of PC12 cells was statistically analyzed.Western blotting was applied to detect the levels of microtubule-associated protein2 (MAP-2), extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphorylated ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase1/2(MEK1/2) and p-MEK1/2 proteins.MEK inhibitor U0126 was examined for its effect on expressions of p-ERK1/2 and ERK1/2 protein in PC12 cells induced by Tsa 1.0 μg·L-1.RESULTS Compared with normal control group, Tsa 1.0 μg·L-1could promote PC12 cell proliferation, and the survival rate was increased by 90%, but the survival rate of PC12 cells was not affected by Tsa 0.01 or 0.1 μg·L-1. Compared with OGD injured group,PC12 cells injured by OGD could be repaired by Tsa 0.1 or 1.0 μg·L-1,and the survival rate was increased to (47.7±1.8)% and (63.2±13.0)%, respectively (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with normal control group,Tsa 0.01,0.1 and 1.0 μg·L-1could promote the growth of PC12 cell projections (P<0.01). Western blotting results showed that Tsa could promote the expressions of MAP-2, p-ERK1/2 and p-MEK1/2 proteins, and this effect could be blocked by U0126 inhibitor (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Tsa can induce the proliferation and differentiation of PC12 cells, the mechanism of which is possibly the activation of p-MEK and p-ERK1/2.

Objective To investigate the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of mineral and bone disorder in patients with moderate or advanced stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of mineral and bone disorder were evaluated based on a questionnaire and related laboratory examinations in 503 CKD stage 3 to 5 patients. Results The awareness rate of mineral and bone disorder in patients with moderate or advanced stage CKD was highest in hemodialysis patients,moderate in peritoneal dialysis patients and lowest in non-dialyzed patients (all P ＜0.01).The total scores of the questionnaire were lowest in non-dialyzed patients [6 (5,8)] and were significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis [11 (9,12)] and hemodialysis patients [13 (11,15)] (P＜0.01).The extent of awareness was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.11,P＜0.05),and positively correlated with educational background (r=0.226,P＜0.01),duration of CKD (r=0.597,P＜0.01) and duration of dialysis (r=0.366,P＜0.01).The source of knowledge was mainly from publicity and education made by medical staff,which accounted for 94.0％,79.5％ and 69.4％ respectively in nondialyzed,peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients.The treatment rate was significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis (88.6％) and hemodialysis patients (96.9％) than that in non-dialyzed patients (58.2％) (all P＜0.01).According to K/DOQI guideline,the control rate of serum calcium,phosphorus,calcium and phosphorus product and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were much better in non-dialyzed patients as compared to dialyzed ones.The percentage of number of lab indicators meeting the standard was significantly higher in non-dialyzed patients as compared to dialyzed ones (P＜0.01).According to KDIGO guideline,the control rate of serum phosphorus was significantly lower in hemodialysis patients (23.6％) than that in peritoneal dialysis (36.9％) and non-dialyzed patients (46.7％) (P＜0.01). Conclusions In non-dialyzed patients with moderate or advanced stage CKD,the awareness rate and treatment rate of mineral and bone disorder are relatively low,and the control rate is relatively high.Whereas in dialyzed patients,the awareness rate and treatment rate are relatively high,and the control rate is relatively low.

Objective To investigate if the positive postnatal environment could modify the schizo-phrenia-related behaviors caused by early maternal immune activation,and the interaction of this two pre-and postnatal factors.Methods The pregnant mice were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.The experimental groups were injected with polynosinic-polycytidylic acid(Poly I : C)(5mg/kg),via intra-venous route,at gestational day 9.The control groups were injected with the same volume of normal saline (NS)at the same gestational day.All offspring were housed in groups of littermates until postnatal day (PND)21 when they were weaned.Between PND22-PND60,offspring were divided into dull or enriched en-vironment(DE or EE)groups by sex and treatment.Different toys were put into the cages of enriched envi-ronment group every week,such as running wheels,climbing materials,swings and rollers.The dull environ-ment(DE)groups were kept the normal housing environment only with sawdust.At PND60,behavioral tests were conducted,such as prepulse inhibition(PPI),open field test,novel object/location recognition,social interaction test,as well as water maze test,were conducted to evaluate the performance of all offspring.After behavioral tests,all offspring were killed and the hippocampus were dissected.The western blot was used to analyze the expression of myelin basic protein in the hippocampus.Results (1)The percentage of PPI with early maternal immune activation of Poly I : C were significantly reduced when compared with control groups (female offspring:F=28.12,P<0.001;male offspring:F=14.76,P<0.01),suggesting the schizophrenia-like behavioral deficit in the offspring induced by early prenatal Poly I : C challenge.(2)In open field test,early maternal immune activation increased the moved distance and speed of the offspring compared with the con-trol groups(female offspring:distances,F=5.10,P<0.05,speed:F=5.19,P<0.05;male offspring:distances:F=6.76,P<0.05,velocity:F=6.85,P<0.05,vs each corresponding control).(3)Enriched environment in-creased the social interaction time of offspring with strange mouse in the social interaction test(female off-spring:EE group(101.30±6.83)s,DE group(76.50±5.59)s,F=9.41,P<0.01;male offspring:EE group(98. 52±6.82)s,DE group(75.82±3.95)s,F=7.95,P<0.01).(4)Enriched environment decreased the time for offspring to find the platform in water maze test(P<0.05).(5)The expression of myelin basic protein in hip-pocampus in offspring which received early maternal immune activation by Poly I : C was lower than that in the control groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The postnatal enriched environment increased the social interac-tion and the learning abilities of the offspring with early maternal immune activation by Poly I : C in water maze,and even more improved the perseveration behavior of the offspring induced by the early maternal im-mune activation.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of balance-impact tuina therapy for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH).Methods:A total of 118 eligible LIDH patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method,with 59 cases in each group.The observation group was intervened by balance-impact tuina therapy,while the control group was intervened by conventional tuina therapy,both for consecutive two weeks.The scores of visual analog scale (VAS),Oswestry disability index (ODI),quality of life questionnaire-core 30 (QOL-C30) were observed before and after treatment;the relapse rate was estimated at the sixth month and twelfth month following the treatment.The data were statistically analyzed.Results:After intervention,the total effective rate was 96.6％ in the observation group versus 91.5％ in the control group,and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The VAS and ODI scores declined significantly after treatment in both groups (all P＜0.05),and the observation group was markedly lower than the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The QOL-C30 score increased significantly after treatment in both groups (both P＜0.05),and the observation group was markedly higher than the control group (P＜0.05).The relapse rates at the post-treatment sixth month and twelfth month in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion:Compared with the conventional tuina therapy,the balance-impact tuina therapy shows advantage in lessening pain,improving the function and enhancing the quality of life in the treatment of LIDH,and it has a lower relapse rate.Thus,this therapy is worth promoting in clinic.