[Objective]To investigate the best internal fixation methods of upper segment complicated femoral fractures(USCFF).[Method]Fifty-two cases(54 limbs) with USCFF were treated.In all patients open fracture reduction with use of internal fixation were done.Intramedullary interlocking nails(IIN) were used to treat 32 cases(34 limbs) of adult's USCFF and 130? plate were used to treat 20 cases of children's USCFF.Thirty-six limbs of them were closed fractures,and 18 limbs were opene.Measures of auto-ilium transplant(5 limbs),homolegous allograft bone transplant(10 limbs)were also taken.[Result]Fifty-two patients were followed-up from 9 to 40 months with an average of 16 months.Infection,fracture nonunions,malunion and femoral head necrosis complications were not found.The average period of union of adult and children fractures was respectively 6.8 months and 6.5 months.The long term effect was evaluated according to Ma Yuanzhang's evaluation standard,94.4 percent showed excellent function of joints and limbs.[Conclusion]Appropriate selection of internal fixation according to the age of patients and satisfactory fracture reduction are key points to improve outcome of USCFF.IIN in treating fiacture of adult and 130? plate in treating fracture of children are more ideal selections.

Prediabetes is an abnormal condition between normal glucose metabolism and diabetes mellitus. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is an indicator of high-risk state of prediabetes. Positive interventions of IGT, including life style changes and pharmacological intervention, can effectively postpone and reduce the development of prediabetes into type 2 diabetes mellitus, suggesting that IGT is a key point of diabetes prevention. Currently, pharmacological intervention for prediabetes is still at early stage. In this review, we summarizes recent clinical and preclinical studies on pharmacological intervention for prediabetes, and studies in the development of animal models with IGT and the application of new techniques. We also discuss the prospects of drugs for diabetes prevention, especially with the traditional Chinese medicine.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Glucose Intolerance ; Humans ; Prediabetic State ; drug therapy

Objective To investigate the rate of vaginal colonization of Candida species in patients with diabetes,and to discuss the relationship between prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC) and diabetes mellitus(DM).Methods Genital tract examination and fungal cultures of discharge taken among 144 patients with DM(DM group) and 150 healthy subjects(control group) were performed.Chrom Agar Candida mediums were used to study the isolates of 64 strains cultured in 144 participants.Results The isolated rates of Candida species were 44.4%(64/144) in subjects with DM and 18%(27/150)in healthy subjects,the isolated rate of Candida species in DM group was prominently higher than that in control group(P

To improve the quality of tea.ching,investigating the effect of practice-based in the teaching of human parasitology by department of parasitology in our school.We take medical laboratory science professional as an example,the parasite teaching is the traditional model of infusion teaching at present,besides the classical contents,it is difficult for some courses to meet the needs of social development at present,which has deficiency in attracting students' interest.Based on the optimization of teaching content,and teaching methods for the teaching process,part of contents were carryed out on the base of cultivating students' ability to practice.The objective of this teaching model is to solve practical problems as the goal,particularly focus on learning process of solving the problem.These results show that the teaching model based on culturing students' ability to practice could better embody the idea of studentcentered teaching,to some extent,it helps to stimulate students' independent thinking ability,and enhance students' learning achievement,and cultivate students' analysis and problem-solving ability,practical ability and teamwork spirit.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of nedaplatin combined with docetaxel in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer. METHODS:A total of 53 patients with advanced cervical cancer selected from our hospital during Apr. 2014-Apr. 2016 were divided into observation group(31 cases)and control group(22 cases)according to chemotherapy plan. Con-trol group was given Docetaxel injection 60 mg/m2,ivgtt,qw. Observation group was additionally given Nedaplatin for injection 35 mg/m2+0.9% Sodium chloride injection diluted into 500 mL,ivgtt (≥60 min),qw. A chemotherapy cycle lased for 21 d,and both groups received 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were evaluated 2 weeks after treatment,and the level of PCNA integal was detected before and 2 weeks after treatment. The occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:The total re-sponse rate of observation group (77.42%) was significantly higher than that of control group (63.64%),with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in PCNA integval between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treat-ment,PCNA integval of 2 groups were decreased significantly,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). ADR were concentrated in grade I,and there was no statistical significance in the in-cidence of ADR between 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Docetaxel combined with nedaplatin can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of patients with advanced cervical cancer,and does not increase the adverse reactions compared to docetaxel alone.

Objective:To investigate the differences in efficacy, survival outcomes, and acute and late toxicities for patients with local/regional advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in combination with che-motherapy (CT) and by IMRT alone. Methods:A total of 72 newly diagnosed local/regional advanced NPC patients were randomly subjected to IMRT/RT+adjuvant CT (after radiotherapy, RT) (n=42) or IMRT+adjuvant CT (after RT) (n=30). The Kaplan-Meier meth-od was used to analyze the two-year local/regional control rates, distant metastasis-free survivals, and overall survivals. The acute and late radiation toxicities were evaluated based on the toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and European Organiza-tion for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Results:A median follow up period of 13.5 months was included in the study. The one-year and two-year local/regional control rates, distant metastasis-free survivals, and overall survival in the IMRT group were 95.0%, 80.0%, and 95.0%, and 80%, 60.0%, and 75.0%, respectively. For the IMRT+CT group, such rates were 100%, 96.4%, and 96.4%, and 100%, 92.9%, and 92.9%, respectively. The two-year local/regional control rate and distant metastasis-free survivals in the IMRT+CT group were higher than those in the IMRT group (P<0.05). Most patients had grade 1 to grade 2 acute radiation toxicities and grade 0 to grade 1 late radiation toxicities (P>0.05). No patient showed a grade 4 acute or late toxicity. The blood and gastrointestinal toxicity rates were high in the IMRT+CT group (P<0.05). Conclusion:The IMRT+CT treatment has potential advantages over the IMRT in the treatment of local/regional advanced NPC patients in terms of local/regional control and overall survival. The blood and gastrointestinal toxicity rates in the IMRT+CT group were higher than in the IMRT group but still within a tolerable range.

BACKGROUND:Differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels is induced by integrated factors.In vitro interaction of cytokine complex and certain cel mechanical stimulation is carried out to further improve the efficiency of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels differentiating into nucleus pulposus-like cels. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels into nucleus pulposus-like cels induced by transforming growth factor-β1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 under hydrostatic pressure. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from adult rats were separated, cultured and purified in vitro. Passage 3 cels were induced in vitrowith transforming growth factor-β1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 under hydrostatic pressure (hydrostatic pressure group), with transforming growth factor-β1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 under normal pressure (drug group), or with normal culture medium under normal pressure (blank control group). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At day 14 after culture, polygonal nucleus pulposus-like cels were observed in the hydrostatic pressure group, but irregular cels in the drug group. There was no obvious change in the blank control group. Levels of colagen type II and DNA were higher in the hydrostatic pressure group than the other two groups. These findings indicate that the combination of transforming growth factor-β1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 can successfuly induce the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels into nucleus pulposus-like cels under hydrostatic pressure, and the differentiation efficiency is higher under hydrostatic pressure than under normal pressure.

Objective:To analyze the status of ethical management of biobanks in Shanghai public hospitals. Methods :A questionnaire survey on ethical management of biobanks was conducted in 9 representative ethics com-mittees, which were established in public hospitals with biobanks in Shanghai. Results: The ethics committees in Shanghai public hospitals had paid relatively high attention to ethical review of protocols were related to biobanks. Nonetheless, the ethical supervision and training on biobanks in Shanghai public hospitals should be enhanced. Con-clusion:The unified ethical guideline on biobanks should be developed in Shanghai for strengthening the standard-ized ethical management and ethics training to promote the development and use of biological samples library re-sources.

Abstract Gram-negative ( G-) bacteria, such as denitrifying bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, are highly social organisms capable of sophisticated cooperative behavior mediated via quorum sensing. As signal molecules of the chemical communication, N-acyl-homoserine lactones ( AHLs ) can mediate the quorum sensing of the functional microbial population and regulate the population density. To understand the growth of functional microbial population and the mechanism for biological nitrogen removal in upflow microaerobic sludge reactors ( UMSRs ) treating organic wastewater with low ratio of chemical oxygen demand to total nitrogen, a method was established to simultaneously detect AHLs in the microaerobic processes. Water-sludge mixtures sampled from the UMSRs were pretreated in sequence by liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate, rotary evaporation, constant volume with methanol, separation by C18 column. Gradient elution was carried out using 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate ( containing 0 . 1% formic acid ) and methanol as mobile phases. On the base of multiple reaction monitoring analysis, a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization was introduced to detect the target compounds. Nine kinds of AHLs were used to evaluate the established method and the results showed that the detection limits were 0 . 01-0 . 5 μg/L and all of the AHLs presented excellent linearity with the concentration ranging from 0 . 5 to 100 μg/L. The recovery and relative standard deviation ranged from 62. 5% to 118. 1% and 2. 9% to 12. 1%, respectively. The analysis could be finished within 6. 5 min. The rapid, accurate and precise method for detecting AHLs provided a new insight into the growth and metabolic activity of functional microbial population in the activated sludge processes to understand the mechanism of biological nitrogen removal, suggesting a good application in regulation and operation of wastewater biological treatment processes.

Objective To study the protective immune responses induced by recombinant Bifidobacterium (Bb)-TSO45W-4B-TSOL18 vaccine of Taenia solium (T.solium) in domestic pigs challenged with T.solium eggs.Methods Twenty healthy 40 days old domestic pigs were divided into five groups by random number table according to body weight (15 kg):rBb-TSO45W-4B-TSOL18 vaccine group,rBb-TSO45W-4B vaccine group,rBb-TSOL18 vaccine group,blank vector control group and MRS control group.The content of vaccine in each vaccine group was 1 × 1011 CFU.A total of two immunization times was conducted,once every two weeks.Pigs were challenged with T.solium eggs 4 weeks after the last immunization and killed 3 months after infection.The cysticercus was counted and the reduction of the cysticercus was calculated.Blood was collected to separate sera and prepare peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBMC).The levels of IgG,IgG1 and IgG2a in sera were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The level of PBMC proliferation was tested using methyltetrazolium (MTT) assay.The levels of interleukin (IL)-2,interferon (IFN)-γ,IL-4 and IL-10 in PBMC culture supernatant were detected using ELISA.Results The reduction of cysticercus was 83.09％,71.36％ and 74.85％ in rBb-TSO45W-4B-TSOL18,rBb-TSO45W-4B and rBb-TSOL18 vaccine groups,respectively.The differences of IgG,IgG1,IgG2a levels in sera between groups were statistically significant (F =132.348,106.336,596.091,all P ＜0.05).The levels of IgG and IgG2a in rBb-TSO45W-4B-TSOL18,rBb-TSO45W-4B and rBb-TSOL18 vaccine groups [(366.81 ± 3.84),(334.94 ± 11.65),(333.52 ± 11.09),(87.74 ± 0.95),(84.48 ± 0.80),(84.30 ± 1.09)mg/L] were higher than those of the MRS control group [(245.94 ± 8.81),(62.61 ± 0.84)mg/L,all P ＜0.05].The levels of IgG1 in rBb-TSO45W-4B-TSOL18,rBb-TSO45W-4B and rBb-TSOL18 vaccine groups [(26.55 ± 1.06),(33.24 ± 1.92),(32.60 ± 1.94)mg/L] were lower than those of the MRS control group [(42.78 ± 0.87)mg/L,all P ＜0.05].The differences of IL-2,IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-10 levels in PBMC original culture supernatant between groups were statistically significant (F =139.522,1 053.102,769.097,962.298,all P ＜0.05).The levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in rBb-TSO45W-4B-TSOL18,rBb-TSO45W-4B and rBb-TSOL18 vaccine groups [(212.24 ± 3.12),(205.91 ± 3.18),(205.85 ± 4.35),(28.42 ± 0.28),(25.56 ± 0.28),(25.71 ± 0.35)ng/L] were higher than those of the MRS control group [(174.19 ± 2.14),(17.69 ± 0.28)ng/L,all P ＜0.05],while the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 [(40.45 ± 0.36),(41.38 ± 0.70),(41.52 ± 0.19),(71.45 ± 0.83),(73.38 ± 0.70),(74.77 ± 0.41)rig/L] were lower than those of the MRS control group [(52.57 ± 0.29),(94.82 ± 0.45)ng/L,all P ＜0.05].The differences of PBMC proliferation levels between groups were statistically significant (F =56.318,P ＜0.05).The PBMC proliferation levels in rBb-TSO45W-4B-TSOL18,rBb-TSO45W-4B and rBb-TSOL18 vaccine groups (0.543 ± 0.074,0.481 ± 0.028,0.530 ± 0.053) were higher than those of the MRS control group (0.242 ± 0.053,all P ＜0.05).Conclusions Recombinant Bb-TSO45W-4B-TSOL18 vaccine of T.solium could induce certain protection in domestic pigs.Type Th1 immune response may play an important role in induction of protective immunity.