AlM:To research the reasonability of current criteria on distant vision anddiopter for recruiting civil aviators in China.
METHODS: The data about distant vision and diopter of 1901 aviators, including flight majors and aviators in active service participating in physical examination of Civil Aviation Flight University of China from 2006 to 2013, were collected. ANOVA and LSD were used to compare the differences between distant vision and diopter among different groups. The Spearman correlation coefficients of distant vision (≥0. 1 vs ≥0. 3) and diopter (0. 00 to -3. 00D) were calculated.
RESULTS: The diopter of civil aviators in China increased with distant vision decreased. The correlation between distant vision and diopter ( 0. 00 to -3. 00D ) among distant vision≥0. 3's population (0. 4 CONCLUSlON: The current eye standard of recruiting civil aviators in China is reasonable to consider both distant vision and diopter, but the standard for distant vision is higher. Further research is proposed to explore the proper standard of distant vision that matches the diopter standard.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms underlying neuroprotection of silent information regulation 2 homolog 3 ( SIRT3 ) against hypoxia via preconditioning.Methods PG12 cells were randomly divided into control,hypoxic preconditioning ( Hyp),Hyp with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and OGD.MTT assay and DAPI staining were used to evaluate cellular viability.MitoSOX Red was used to measure the production of mitochondrial superoxide.The protein expression of SIRT3,PGC-1α and MnSOD were assessed by Western blot.Recombinant SIRT3 was also given to further investigate its roles in hypoxic preconditioning.Results The preconditioned PC12 cells had a higher survival rate.When expressed as a percentage of the control group,MTT values following 6 h OGD were around 51.0% in the OGD group but around 74.7% in the Hyp + OGD group ( F = 56,P ＜ 0.01).Mitochondrial ROS after Hyp was less than the OGD group.Both Hyp + OGD and OGD increased the expression of SIRT3,PGC-1α and MnSOD proteins,and these increases were greater after Hyp + OGD.Similarly,the application of recombinant SIRT3 to OGD also further increased the expression of these proteins.Conclusions Hypoxic preconditioning can protect PC12 cells against hypoxic injury.One possible mechanism of hypoxic preconditioning is via SIRT3 to upregulate PGC-la and,in turn,MnSOD to reduce generation of ROS.

Objective To develop a portable pressure detector to facilitate the battlefield self and buddy aids training for dressing,hemostasis and fixation.Methods The changes of pressure were converted into the ones of electric current with the pneumatic cuff,catheter and membrane pressure sensor,and then transmitted to the panel display by Bluetooth.The efficacy for the training was determined based on the acquired data.Results The detector implemented quantifying of the pressures during dressing,hemostasis and fixation,and non-medical staff obtained the results of battlefield treatment training easily to execute rapid assessment of battlefield self and buddy aids training.Conclusion The device gains advantages in visualized data,portability,easy operation and accurate measurement,and contributes to battlefield self and buddy aids training.

OBJECTIVETo explore the risk factors and the main TCM syndrome types associated with the diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) patients complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver (FL).

METHODSAdopted controlled trial method, the age, stature, body weight, and body mass index (BMI) of 180 DM2 patients were compared with those complicated with or without FL. And some related laboratory indexes, including the age, stature, body weight, BMI, fasting blood glucose (FBG), C-peptide (CP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C), and 2 h post-prandial CP (2 h CP), were compared as well. Moreover, patients' TCM syndrome types were classified.

RESULTSNo significant differences were found between DM2 patients complicated with or without FL in aspects of FBG, HbA1c, TC, LDL-C and age, stature (P > 0.05), but significant difference did show between them in aspects of CP (4.09 +/- 2.40 microg/L vs 2.47 +/- 1.74 microg/L), 2h CP (6.38 +/- 5.46 microg/L vs 4.35 +/- 2.92 microg/L), TG (2.81 +/- 2.33 mmol/L vs 1.93 +/- 1.92 mmol/L), HDL-C (1.07 +/- 0.06 mmol/L vs 1.19 +/- 0.32 mmol/L) as well as in body weight (73.4 +/- 11.7 kg vs 61.4 +/- 10.1 kg) and BMI (26.0 +/- 3.67 vs 22.8 +/- 3.23), respectively (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Moreover, phlegm-dampness type was more liable to appear in DM2 patients complicated FL.

CONCLUSIONSObesity, insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorder are the chief risk factors in DM2 patients complicated with FL and phlegm-dampness is the chief pathogenesis.

Adult ; Aged ; C-Peptide ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Fatty Liver ; blood ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides ; blood

Kidney injury and decreased chemosensitivity of tumor cells are obstacles with cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy. Down-regulation of the organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) is a key means to alleviate CDDP-induced kidney injury and increase chemosensitivity. Astragaloside IV (AS IV) is obtained from the well-known traditional Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus. This study explored the role of AS IV in preventing kidney injury and enhancing the antitumor effect of CDDP by suppressing OCT2 expression in kidney and MRP2 in tumors. This project was reviewed and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Hospital of Jilin University. The effects of AS IV on CDDP inhibition of tumor growth and promotion of apoptosis were assessed in Lewis lung tumor (LLC)-bearing mice by H&E and TUNEL staining. Kidney injury was assessed by serum biochemical parameters and H&E staining. We used Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays to detect OCT2 and MRP2 expression in kidney and tumor. The concentration of CDDP in kidney and tumor was measured by HPLC-MS/MS. AS IV enhanced CDDP chemosensitivity by increasing tumor cell apoptosis and slowing tumor growth, and decreased kidney injury as evidenced by lower blood creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Co-administration of AS IV suppressed MRP2 overexpression induced by CDDP in tumor tissues and may be an important mechanism for enhancing CDDP chemosensitivity. Moreover, AS IV reduced CDDP-induced kidney injury in mice along with suppression of OCT2 expression in kidney. The concentration of CDDP was increased in tumor but decreased in kidney. In total, AS IV not only enhanced the antitumor effect of CDDP by suppressing MRP2 expression in tumor cells, but also decreased kidney injury induced by CDDP. The results provide new insight into the combined use of a chemotherapy drug and natural ingredients to treat cancer.

OBJECTIVETo investigate and analyze a case of acute norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak in a hospital.

METHODSData were collected through the on-the-spot investigation and faecal specimens were tested by polymerase chain reaction-reverse transcription (RT-PCR). Serum specimens were tested by Western blot.

RESULTSThe outbreak lasted 26 days. A total of 87 cases were reported, including 65 inpatients, 15 healthcare workers, 6 accompanies, and 1 pantryman. Twelve (60%) of 20 stool specimens were norovirus-positive by RT-PCR and 19 of 24 blood samples were norovirus-positive by Western blot. The outbreak was effectively controlled by isolating and treating the patients, extensive disinfection, and health education.

CONCLUSIONThe gastroenteritis outbreak was caused by norovirus with unkown infection source.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Caliciviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; virology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norovirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Young Adult

Rational nutritional support shall be based on nutritional screening and nutritional assessment.This study is aimed to explore nutritional risk screening and its influencing factors of hospitalized patients in central urban area.It is helpful for the early detection of problems in nutritional supports,nutrition management and the implementation of intervention measures,which will contribute a lot to improving the patient's poor clinical outcome.A total of three tertiary medical institutions were enrolled in this study.From October 2015 to June 2016,1202 hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled in Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) for nutritional risk screening,including 8 cases who refused to participate,5 cases of same-day surgery and 5 cases of coma.A single-factor chi-square test was performed on 312 patients with nutritional risk and 872 hospitalized patients without nutritional risk.Logistic regression analysis was performed with univariate analysis (P＜0.05),to investigate the incidence of nutritional risk and influencing factors.The incidence of nutritional risk was 26.35％ in the inpatients,25.90％ in male and 26.84％ in female,respectively.The single-factor analysis showed that the age ≥60,sleeping disorder,fasting,intraoperative bleeding,the surgery in recent month,digestive diseases,metabolic diseases and endocrine system diseases had significant effects on nutritional risk (P＜0.05).Having considered the above-mentioned factors as independent variables and nutritional risk (Y=1,N=0)as dependent variable,logistic regression analysis revealed that the age ≥60,fasting,sleeping disorders,the surgery in recent month and digestive diseases are hazardous factors for nutritional risk.Nutritional risk exists in hospitalized patients in central urban areas.Nutritional risk screening should be conducted for inpatients.Nutritional intervention programs should be formulated in consideration of those influencing factors,which enable to reduce the nutritional risk and to promote the rehabilitation of inpatients.

Objective: To provide the experimental basis for the coherence of the indirect bond position by comparing the position of the bracket on the digital occlusal model and the position of the transfer to the initial plaster model. Methods: Fifteen digitized models were selected for the brackets on the dental denture model, the brackets were transferred to the initial plaster model by indirect bond transfer trays, The line distance between each bracket position in digital dental model and initial plaster model was measured with OrthoRx software. Results : The difference between the position of the orthodontic brackets and the position of the initial plaster model was less than 0.20 mm, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The position of the bracket on the digital occlusal model is consistent with that of the original plaster model, which provides a theoretical basis for digital indirect bonding.

Objectives: This study aimed to observe the change of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation rate (AA-Ag) and short-term adverse reactions after taking 50 or 100 mg/d aspirin(enteric-coated sustained-release formulation) or 100 mg/d aspirin (enteric-coated aspirin tablet)in the elderly Chinese population (aged 60 years or older). Methods: A total of 1 194 participants aged 60 or older, who should be recommended to take aspirin therapy due to medical reasons, were recruited and randomly assigned into three groups to receive enteric-coated sustained-release aspirin tablet (50 mg, once daily, group A), or 100 mg, once daily (group B) or enteric-coated aspirin tablet 100 mg once daily (group C), respectively. AA-Ag was measured after (14±3)days of aspirin treatment. Adverse events and bleeding events were recorded during the (28±3)days of follow-up. Results: The AA-Ag in group A (n=347), B (n=338) and C (n=332) post 14-day aspirin therapy were 6.65 (4.03,10.84)%, 5.89(3.22,10.03) % and 6.00(3.68,10.09) %, respectively (P>0.05). During the 28 days follow-up, the adverse events rate of group A (n=388), B (n=387) and C (n=385) was 3.87%,3.36%, and 7.95%, and the mild bleeding events rate was 3.09%, 2.33%, and 6.23%, respectively. Adverse events rate and mild bleeding events rate were significantly higher in group C than in group A and B (P<0.05). Conclusions: Compared with 100 mg-dose aspirin, 50 mg-dose aspirin achieves similar anti-platelet aggregation effect in this elderly Chinese population. The short-term adverse events and mild bleeding risk of aspirin with enteric-coated sustained-release formulation were fewer than that of enteric-coated formulation.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), and preliminarily explore the role of an improved post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) based conditioning regimen in PNH patients receiving transplantation. METHODS: Clinical related data of PNH sufferers receiving allo-HSCT in Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology were collected, and hematopoietic reconstitution, chimerism, PNH cloning, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), infection, and survival were analyzed. RESULTS: Totally five PNH patients receiving allo-HSCT were enrolled, including 1 case with classic PNH, 3 cases with aplastic anemia-PNH syndrome, 1 case with myelodysplastic syndrome, three of them (case 1-3) received the improved PTCy based conditioning regimen before HSCT. All sufferers engrafted successfully within 28 days, the median time of neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 11 days and 12 days, respectively, no patient occurred acute or chronic GVHD, after a median follow-up of 16 months, all recipients survived and completely eliminated PNH cloning. CONCLUSION Allo-HSCT can completely clear PNH cloning and restore hematopoietic function with controllable complications, and the improved PTCy based conditioning regimen is proved to be effective in PNH transplantation.
Anemia, Aplastic/therapy* ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal/therapy* ; Humans ; Transplantation Conditioning