Objective To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Propolis alcohol-extract (PAE) against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute hepatic damage in mice and to explore the possible mechanism.Methods Sixty-three C57BL/6 MT(-/-)mice were equally randomized into 9 groups.The normal control group and the model group received gastric gavage of normal saline (20 mL?kg-1),four PAE groups were given PAE in the dose of 12.5,25,50 and 100 mg?kg-1 respectively,alcohol +APAP group and alcohol control group received 20 %alcohol 20 mL?kg-1 and PAE control group was given PAE in the dose of 100 mg?kg-1 qd,for 4 consective days.Thirty miniutes after last administration,the mice in the normal control group,PAE control group and alcohol control group received saline 10 mL?kg-1,and the mice in other groups received APAP 380 mg?kg-1 to induce acute hepatic injury.The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined,and the liver tissues were collected for histopathological assessment by HE staining under light microscope.The ratio of glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG),and the content of GSH,GSSG and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenate were also measured.Results Compared with the model group,PAE could markedly decrease serum ALT,AST and LDH activity,reduce the MDA level in liver homogenate,and increase hepatic GSH content and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in the liver homogenate.The hepatic histopathological changes in liver were also significantly ameliorated.In PAE control group,GSH content and the ratio of GSH/GSSG were also increased.However,the above indexes remained unchanged in alcohol control group.Conclusion The propolis alcohol-extract can prevent the liver from PAP-induced acute hepatic injury.

Bilirubin ; blood ; Child Development ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neuropsychological Tests

BACKGROUND:Knee society score of Peking Union Medical Col ege has been promoted and used in the 306th Hospital of PLA for 2 years and we have accumulated some clinical data.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the stability and feasibility for suitable clinical medical practice of knee society score of Peking Union Medical Col ege.
METHODS:Fifty-five patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were included, and the patients were divided into
three groups:the preoperative group;3 months postoperative fol ow-up group;6 months postoperative fol ow-up group. The measurement results obtained by the application of the scale were compared to those of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universityies Ostroarthritis Index, visual analog scale, and hospital for special surgery
score, and then knee society score goodness-of-fit analysis was performed based on the structural equation model.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Knee society score performance assessment of the signs and symptoms of
osteoarthritis of the knee patients was positively correlated with the pain severity of visual analog scale score;the overal knee society score of the patients after 6-month fol ow-up was significantly improved compared with that before treatment. The knee society score after 3-and 6-month fol ow-up was significantly higher than that before treatment, and the score was quite with the hospital for special surgery score. The overal assessment of the knee society score after treated for 3 and 6 months was improved for more than grade Ⅰ, the visual analog scale
score was decreased for more than 30%. The pain assessment items and physiological functional assessment items of Western Ontario and McMaster Universityies Ostroarthritis Index after 6-month fol ow-up were
significantly better than those before treatment (P<0.05);the visual analog scale score was poor after 3-month fol ow-up, and there was significant difference in visual analog scale score before and after treatment which was related with the pain level;the score accompanied by function and joint stiffness was significantly improved. The knee society score of Peking Union Medical Col ege obtained four dimensions of 22 assessment projects, and the
goodness-of-fit analysis showed that the scale had good goodness which had scientific nature and application value.

Objective To summarize the characteristics of fetal hand deformity in prenatal two-and three-dimensional u1trasonography. To analyze the causes of missed diagnosis of prenatal u1trasonography in detecting fetal hand deformity. Methods Systematic continuous sequence approach was performed with two-and three-dimensional u1trasonography in 11 854 cases to detect the fetal hand development, deformity and accompanied malformations. Prenatal sonographic features of fetal hand deformities (59 cases) were correlated with the morphology and X-ray characteristics of the delivered fetuses. Results Fifty-nine cases of fetal hand deformity were diagnosed out of 11 854 fetuses by prenatal u1trasonography:44 cases of abnormal wrist posture,1 case of full-ifnger absence, 2 cases of metacarpal and phalanx absence, 3 cases of clinodactyly, 2 cases of forearm and hand absence, 1 case of syndacty, 1 case of polydacty, 5 cases of lethal bone dysplasia. The detection rate was 0.50%(59/11 854). Eight cases were missed:3 cases of partial ifnger absence, 2 cases of clinodactyly, 1 case of syndacty, and 2 cases of polydacty. The rate of missed diagnosis is 11.90%(8/67). Abnormal wrist posture showed a hook-shaped hand in the wrist. Full-finger absence showed that one or multiple ifngers were absent. Metacarpal and phalanx absence showed no fetal hands. Clinodactyly showed that four ifngers were not in the same plane. Forearm and hand missing showed that ulna, metacarpal and phalangeal were absent. Syndacty showed a beak-like hand. Multi-ifnger indicated six ifngers in one hand. Lethal bone dysplasia showed very short limbs. Conclusions Prenatal u1trasonography played an important role in detecting and diagnosing severe type of fetal hand deformity. The detection rate of fetal hand deformities can be greatly improved by appropriate use of the scan-time, fetal position, systematic continuous sequence approach and real three-dimensional u1trasonography.

Yinchenzhufu decoction (YCZFD) is a classic formula for treating Yin Huang syndrome, which can improve liver injury caused by cholestasis. However, the mechanism of action of YCZFD still remains unclear. This article used network pharmacology, molecular docking, animal experiments, and molecular biology methods to explore the mechanism of YCZFD in treating liver injury caused by cholestasis. A mouse model of acute cholestasis induced by lithocholic acid was used to investigate the effects of YCZFD on liver injury. The experimental procedures described in this paper were reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee at the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval NO. PZSHUTCM190823002). The results showed that YCZFD could reduce the levels of blood biochemical indicators and improve hepatocyte damage of cholestatic mice. Then, multiple databases were used to predict the corresponding targets of YCZFD active components on cholestatic liver injury. An intersection target protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks based on String database and Cytoscape software was used to demonstrate the possible core targets of YCZFD against cholestatic liver injury. The results indicated that core targets of YCZFD include tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1β, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src, interleukin-6, etc. GO (gene ontology) and KEGG (kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) enrichment analysis indicated that YCZFD may regulate the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, bile secretion, and other related factors to ameliorate the cholestatic liver injury. AutoDockTools software was used to perform molecular docking verification on the core targets and components of YCZFD. To verify the results of network pharmacology, UPLC-MS/MS method was used to determine the effect of YCZFD on levels of bile acid profiles in mouse liver tissues. It was found that treatment with YCZFD significantly reduced the content of free bile acids, taurine bound bile acids, and total bile acids in the liver tissues of cholestatic mice. Then, results from real time PCR and Western blot also found that YCZFD can upregulate the expression of hepatic nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor, metabolizing enzyme (UDP glucuronidase transferase 1a1), and efflux transporters (bile salt export pump, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2, multidrug resistance-associated protein 3, etc) in cholestasis mice, promote bile acid metabolism and excretion, and improve bile acid homeostasis. Moreover, YCZFD can also inhibit pyroptosis and inflammation by regulating NOD-like receptors 3 pathway, thereby inhibiting cholestatic liver injury.

OBJECTIVETo construct of tissue engineering skin including active composite dermal matrix.

METHODSThe human fibroblasts and bovine collagen with type I were inoculated on the surface of porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) for construction of active dermal substitute, then epidermal cells were inoculated on the dermal matrix for gas-liquid interface culture. The tissue-engineering skin was observed by histological examinations.

RESULTSThe structure of fibroblasts in collagen was intact, which was used to construct composite dermal matrix with PADM. The epithelial structure of tissue-engineering skin was similar to that of normal skin with good cell differentiation. Some phenomena were showed in epidermis: basic layer, stratum spinosum, granular layer and stratum corneum, desmosomes.

CONCLUSIONFibroblasts-Collagen-PADM can be an optimal dermal matrix for construction of tissue-engineering skin.

Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Collagen Type I ; Dermis ; transplantation ; Epidermis ; cytology ; Extracellular Matrix ; transplantation ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Skin ; cytology ; Skin, Artificial ; Swine ; Tissue Engineering

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Xiaolong Tongbi (XLTB), a Chinese herbal preparation, on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) containing nerve and epithelial cell apoptosis.

METHODSNOS containing nerve level of various groups prostate was determined by NADPH histochemical staining and morphological quantitative analysis, and the cell apoptosis rate in rats prostatic epithelium was tested immunohistochemically with TUNEL method.

RESULTSAfter 3 weeks treatment with high dose XLTB, the length density of NOS contained nerves in prostate tissue of rats was 0.113 +/- 0.023, which was significantly different to that in the other 3 groups (low dose XLTB, Finasteride and testosterone) respectively (P < 0.01). Cell apoptosis reached its peak at the day 7 of experiment in XLTB treated groups (9.27%), and Finasteride treated group (5.65%), which lowered slightly at day 14 and got some recovery at day 21. Castration induced cell apoptosis began at day 7 and reached its peak at day 14, which was significantly different from that in the other groups.

CONCLUSIONXLTB could increase the NOS contained nerve level and accelerate the apoptosis of epithelial cell in prostate tissue of simulating benign prostatic hyperplasia rats.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; enzymology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Prostate ; enzymology ; pathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effect and complications of subfascial breast augmentation and submammary breast augmentation.

METHODFrom Sept. 2009 to May 2012 , 25 patients with subfascial breast augmentation and 31 patients with submammary breast augmentation were observed. The postoperative results including visible implant edge or ripple, upper pole of the implant and long-term implant ptosis were compared respectively. The complications including hematoma, infection and capsular contraction were also recorded.

RESULTS56 cases were followed up for 2 months to 26 months. The incidence rate of visible implant edge or ripple was 4.0% (1/25 ) in the subfascial group and 29.0% (9/31) in the submammary group, showing a significant difference between them ( PC 0.05). The incidence rate of convex upper pole of the implant was 8.0% (2/25) in the subfascial group and 35.5% (11/31) in the submammary group, showing a significant difference between them ( P < 0.05). Long-term implant ptosis was not found in the two groups. The incidence rate of hematoma was 4.0% (1/25) in the subfascial group and 6.5% (2/31) in the submammary group, infection was not found. The incidence rate of capsular contraction was 8.0% (2/25) in the subfascial group and 12.9% (4/31) in the submammary group, showing no statistical difference between them ( P > 0.05 ).

CONCLUSIONSSubfascial breast augmentation has more clinical advantages compared with submammary breast augmentation, but no evident difference was found in the common complication rate, such as capsular contraction.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; adverse effects ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanism of refractoriness of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by studying the changes of gene mRNA expression from primary diagnosis to relapsed disease in AML.

METHODSDifferences in gene expression profile of bone marrow mononuclear cells were compared between primary diagnosis and relapsed/refractory disease in 3 patients with M(2a) subtype of AML using Agilent human 1B 60mer oligonucleotide microarray.

RESULTSCommon alterations were found in 10 genes among the 20173 genes tested at relapsed/refractory disease as compared with that at primary diagnosis in 3 patients. Of these 10 genes, 7 were up-regulated while 3 down-regulated at relapse in all the 3 patients.

CONCLUSIONDevelopment of relapsed/refractory disease in AML-M(2a) might be associated with the mRNA expression changes in the 10 genes tested including DAPK1. The alteration of these genes may be indications for the early diagnosis of refractoriness of AML, and these genes might provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of refractory AML.

Adult ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis

Objective To detect mutations of the RET proto-oncogene in a family with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A). Methods Nineteen family members were recruited in the study. The phenotype of the members with MEN2A were observed. PCR was performed to amplify exans 10 and 11 of the RET proto-oncogene. The PCR products were purified and a direct DNA sequence analysis was performed. Results The Cys (TGC)634Arg(CGC) missense mutation and Gly( GGT)691Ser(AGT) in exon 11 of the RET proto-oncogene were both detected in four members of the family. Only the pelymorphism Gly691Ser in exon 11 of the RET proto-oncogene was detected in one member. The results of the ultrasound examination were shown as follows: two members with bilateral thyroid, one side of parathyroid and adrenal solid lesions; one member with bilateral thyroid and one side of adrenal solid lesions; one member with bilateral thyroid and adrenal and one side of parathyroid solid lesions; and one member with multiple thyroid small nodules. Additionally, another three members with abnormal findings on ultrasound examinations had no gene mutation. Conclusion Analysis of RET gene identifies a TGC to CGC mutation at codan 634 and the polymorphism Gly691 Set in exon 11 in this family with MEN2A. Direct DNA sequencing analysis is useful in diagnosis of MEN2A at gene level.