Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) is a common condition that primarily occurs in preterm infants who with low birth weight,which closely related to several co-morbidities(intracranial hemorrhage,necrotizing enterocolitis,pulmonary edema/hemorrhage,bron chopulmonary dysplasia,and retinopathy).Although the color Doppler ultrasound assessment can be used as the gold standard to determine the present of PDA,it is still very hard to fully reflect the hemodynamic change occured in PDA case.In recent years,B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP),two kind of biological markers,were used in the premature infants to assess the present,shunt volume,progress and durg or surgical intervention indication of PDA.In this paper,the corrections of PDA between BNP and NT-proBNP were reviewed briefly.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; Plastics ; Trimethyltin Compounds ; poisoning ; Waste Management

To explore the feasibility of stable expression of Hantavirus H8205 strain G1 segment and human IL-2 fusion gene in Vero cells, and to examine the immune protection effects on mice vaccinated with this recombinant eukaryotic expression vector containing Hantavirus G1 gene and IL-2 gene. With the help of lipofectamine, the Vero cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1/HisB-IL-2-G1 and the positive cells were selected by G418. IFAT and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis were used to determine the stable transfection and expression of recombinant protein. Each mouse was inoculated with plasmids intramuscularly (i.m.) three times, 2 boosts were given at 2-week intervals, serum anti-hantavirus antibodies were detected by ELISA and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) were detected by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test. The fusion protein expressed in Vero cells was 78 kD, corresponding to the estimated molecular size. The neutralizing antibody titers of mice with pcDNA3.1/HisB-IL-2-G1 were 1:20-1:80. IL-2/G1 fusion gene could be transferred in Vero cells and stably express the fusion protein. Specific humeral immune responses in mice can be induced with the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector containing the fusion gene, which lays the foundation for further development of therapeutic HTNV vaccine.

With the aging of population, cerebral small vessel disease has attracted more and more attention. A growing body of literature has confirmed that retinal vascular changes can be used as a potential marker for the prediction of cerebral small vessel disease. The retina is recognized as a window into cerebrovascular and systemic vascular conditions. Combining traditional fundus photograph and fundus fluorescein angiography with optical coherence tomography angiography, the retinal vascular system of patients with cerebral small vessel disease can be comprehensively analyzed. This paper summarizes and analyzes the application of retinal angiography technology in different image types of cerebral small vessel disease and makes a review, in order to provide reference for the early diagnosis and prevention of cerebral small vessel disease.

To investigate the effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) on the plasma concentrations of valproic acid (VPA) and its toxic metabolite 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid (4-ene VPA) in epileptic patients, the plasma concentrations of VPA and 4-ene VPA were determined, and the effect of CBZ on pharmacokinetics of VPA was evaluated. All patients had been divided into two groups (VPA group, n = 87; and VPA+CBZ group, n = 19). As compared to VPA group, the combination of CBZ significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the trough concentration of VPA [VPA group, (69.5 +/- 28.8) microg x mL(-1); VPA+CBZ group, (46.3 +/- 25.6) microg x mL(-1)] and does-adjusted VPA trough concentration [VPA group, (4.89 +/- 2.21) microg x mL(-1) x mg(-1) x kg(-1); VPA+CBZ group, (3.14 +/- 1.74) microg x mL(-1) x mg(-1) x kg(-1)]. However, the addition of CBZ did not influence the concentration of 4-ene VPA. The present study revealed that coadministration of CBZ can reduce VPA plasma concentration and may impact VPA clinical effect, therefore therapeutic drug mornitoring of VPA should be used when combined use of CBZ and VPA.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Anticonvulsants ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Carbamazepine ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Epilepsy ; blood ; drug therapy ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Valproic Acid ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the characteristic of ?-amyloid precursor protein (A?) processing in activated platelet in AD.Methods Thirty-six sporadic AD patients and 30 control subjects were included in this study.Blood was collected from the subjects to separate platelets.After treated by thrombin,the soluble amyloid precursor protein (APP) level in the snpernatants of platelets from 36 were analyzed by means of western blot with a specific antibody recognizing soluble APP.Meanwhile A? level was measured by radioimmunoassay.Results After treated with thrombin,the level of soluble APP in the supernatants of platelets in patients with AD decreased by 31.0% (P

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of children with demyelinating disease.Methods Age of onset,presymptoms,clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations of 51 children diagnosed as demyelinating disease were analyzed retrospectively.Results The onset age was from 3 months to 14 years,and the number of school age children was 38.Before illness,32 cases were relevant to infection,3 cases to vaccine inoculation.Most of children had acute courses.In the initial stage,32 cases with peripheral nervous demyelinating disease presented to paralysis of limbs;18 cases with central nervous demyelinating disease presented to visual disorder,somatasthenia,fever,convulsion and headache.The EMGs of children with peripheral nervous demyelinating disease showed nervous lesion.Among 18 children with central nervous demyelinating disease,17 cases showed abnomal signal on MRI or CT.Conclusions Children with demyelinating disease displays diversified clinical manifestations.By investigating case history combined with auxiliary exaninations,it is not difficult to make a correct diagnosis and its prognosis is good commonly.

Objective To define the variables associated with preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and identify the optimal timing for PDA closure clinically.Methods Three hundred and fifty-three premature babies with gestational age ＜ 32 weeks in Ba Yi Children's Hospital,Beijing Military General Hospital,from February 2011 to January 2013 were selected.Among them the PDA patients with degree of cardiovascular dysfunction using a scoring system (CVD) ≥3 scores at 48 hour life by using the cardiovascular dysfunction scoring systerm received primary drug treatment with 1-3 cycles Ibuprofen.If drug treatment failed or contraindicated,underwent surgical closure.Gestational age,body weight,presence of symptomatic hypotension,drug treatment or surgical closure were analyzed to see whether these factors were related to clinical outcomes,including hospital mortality,necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC),intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH),retinopathy(ROP) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) at 36 weeks.Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Walls test,Wilcoxon signed rank test,Pearson x2 test,Fisher's exact test,Friedman,Halton,Logistic regression model.Results In the PDA patients with CVD≥3 scores persistently,the effectiveness of Ibuprofen was lower as time went on,PDA and BPD(OR =3.163,P =0.002),ROP(OR =2.557,P =0.007) were related markedly,and surgical treatment was possibly required.When CVD scores ≥ 3 after birth,drug treatment for one cycle was effective in 169 cases(47.8％),52 cases (14.7％) for two cycles,and 44 cases(12.5％) required surgical ligation after drug treatment failed.Such patients had younger gestational age [(29.4 ± 2.4) weeks vs (30.7 ± 1.4) weeks,P ＜ 0.000 1],and lower body weight at birth [(1 450 ± 577) g vs (1 750 ± 508) g,P =0.004).Conclusions The prolonged patency of the ductus arteriosus in preterm infants is related to an increase for IVH,BPD and ROP.Surgical ligation of PDA is a safe and effective treatment and should be done soon after two complete cycles of Ibuprofen,especially in selected patients who CVD ≥3 scores,to reduce the possibility of BPD and ROP occurence.

Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; metabolism ; Checkpoint Kinase 2 ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Grading ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

Pregnane X receptor (PXR), a member of nuclear receptor superfamily, plays an important role in xenobiotic and endogenous metabolism, endocrine balance, and cell proliferation, etc. Previous study has shown that pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (PCN), a mouse PXR agonist, could induce liver enlargement. And we found that the change in hepatocytes exhibits regional distribution characteristics: hepatocyte enlargement occurs around the central vein (CV) area, while hepatocyte proliferation occurs around the portal vein (PV) area. In this study, the dynamic changes of hepatocytes during PXR-induced liver enlargement were determined. Serum and liver samples from male C57BL/6 mice were collected for biochemical and pathological analysis after PCN treatment for 1, 2, 3, 5 days, respectively. The animal experiment was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-Sen University. The results showed that with the increase in the PCN treatment days, the feature of this regional change of hepatocyte around the CV and PV areas became more and more obvious. At the same time, the factors related to hepatocyte enlargement, such as the expression of PXR downstream genes and the hepatic content of triglyceride (TG), has gradually increased. The upregulation of proliferation-related proteins and downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitor proteins were observed in the early stage of PCN treatment, suggesting that hepatocyte proliferation occurs earlier than hepatocyte enlargement during PXR-induced liver enlargement. This study reveals the dynamic change of hepatocytes during PXR-induced liver enlargement and provides a new insight in liver enlargement promoted via PXR activation.