ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of infrared radiation and magnetic fields on the synovitis of rabbit with experimental knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsTwenty-four New Zealand grown rabbits were duplicated for OA model of the knee by extended fixation technique, and after 6 weeks, all rabbits were unchained from fixation. The rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: control group (no treatment), infrared group (treated with infrared radiation ), magnet-therapy group (treated with magnetic fields ) and the combined therapy group (treated with infrared radiation and magnetic fields). At the ends of the first, second and third week after treatment, 2 rabbits in each group were taken to measure the general change and histopathology of their synovium.ResultsCompared with other groups, the severity of synovitis (include the synovium line cells proliferation, the invading of granulation and blood vessels in the underlayer of synovium, the infiltration of inflammatory cells) declined significantly in combined therapy group. Scores of Ayral's index of combined group were significantly lower than other groups ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between infrared group and magnet-therapy group ( P>0.05).ConclusionThe combination of infrared radiation and magnetic fields can efficiently suppress the synovitis of OA and alleviate the tissue's destructions.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma originated in the primitive mesenchymal tissue .It usually devel-ops in the short bones such as hand ,foot and body bone ,while extremeIy rare in the orbit .We report a case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit which is confirmed by pathology .

Objective To compare the strong ion gap (SIG) and liver and kidney function index predicting the prognosis of acute paraquat poisoning patients.Methods Retrospective study with a total of 148 cases from 2006 to 2013 who were diagnosed by paraquat poisoning,according to the prognosis they are divided into survival group and death group.Compared with the early SIG,ALT,AST,Cr,BUN index level to analyze with the odds ratio (ORs) and established ROC curve to conform which is more effective on the prognosis of patients with paraquat poisoning.Results The abnormal index of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT) (x2=10.257,P =0.001),glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST) (x2=9.109,P =0.003),creatinine (Cr) (x2=10.257,P =0.021),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (x2=10.257,P ＜ 0.01) indicated a higher risk of death than the normal index,SIG showed higher ORs for fatality than ALT,AST,Cr,BUN (P ＜ 0.05).In the ROC curve,the area under the curve of the SIG,ALT,AST,Cr,BUN on the prognosis of fatality were 0.822,0.708,0.724,0.603,0.625.Conclusions With early SIG and ALT,AST,Cr,BUN level increased,the risk of death will increase in paraquat poisoning patients,and SIG is a more effective marker than index of kidney and liver function on the prognosis of death.

Evaluation of the permeability mainly focuses on intestinal absorption in biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS). It is more complicated that the absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment in biopharmaceutics classification system of Chinese materia medica (CMMBCS) compared with single component environment, which needs suitable mathematical models to be described. Therefore, with full consideration of existing single component mathematical algorithm combining with the characteristics of intestinal absorption and metabolism, we explored and designed a new mathematical algorithm of intestinal absorption and metabolism of multicomponent drug. Then we put forward a new coefficient, P (influence), the relative change rate of the single component's intestinal absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment compared with single component environment, which described the influences of intestinal absorption and metabolism of the component under multicomponent environment. Moreover, P (influence) highlights the distinctive characteristics of multicomponent drug's intestinal absorption and metabolism, and lays the foundation for the construction of CMMBCS.
Algorithms ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Models, Theoretical ; Solubility

Objective To investigate work stress state of nursing home staff and to analyze the influential factors affecting work stress.Methods Stratified random sampling method was adopted to investigate 180 nursing assistants by self-designed questionnaire,Work Stress Scale(WSS),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and internal-external locus of control scale investigation.Results Totally 174 valid questionnaires were collected.Variance analysis revealed there were significant differences of age and other factors.Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed five variables entered the equation,including workexpenence education level number of the cared ages work scheduline coping stule and explain 56.7％ of the total variable.Conclusion Nurse managers should pay attention to and improve achievement sense and mental adjustment ability of nursing assistants,to build a well-organized support system to reduce the workload.

Objective To study the changes of mRNA and protein expressions of Kras gene in thymic lymphomas induced by ionizing radiation,and to detect the methylation of CpG islands in promoter region of Kras gene,then to investigate the mechanisms for the occurrence of radiation carcinogenesis.Methods The thymic lymphoma models of BALB/c mice were made by X-ray irradiation,then the total RNA was extracted,cDNA was synthesized and the total protein was extracted from both thymic lymphoma tissue and normal thymus tissue;the mRNA and protein expressions of Kras gene in thymic lymphoma tissue and normal thymus tissue were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting method, and the methylation of CpG islands in promoter region of Kras gene was detected by bisulfite sequencing PCR. Results The mRNA expression level of Kras gene in thymic lymphoma tissue was significantly higher than that in normal thymus tissue(P<0.01).The protein expression level in thymic lymphoma tissue was about 1.41 times higher than that in normal thymus tissue;4 CpG sites were methylated detected by bisulfite sequencing PCR in normal thymus tissue, however, 1 CpG site was methylated in thymic lymphoma tissue,the CpG islands in promoter region of Kras gene were demethylation state in thymic lymphoma. Conclusion Ionizing radiation can cause the changes of mRNA and protein expression levels of Kras gene in thymic lymphoma tissue by demethylation state of Kras gene,eventually lead to the occurrence of tumor;it might be one of the mechanisms for the occurrence of radiation carcinogenesis.

The HPLC method was established to simultaneously determine the contents of myricetin, luteolin, apigenin and kaempferol in Wikstroemia indica ( L. ) C. A. Mey. The method was carried out on a Diamonsil C18 column (4. 6 mm x 250 mm, 5 µm) eluted with the mobile phases of water containing 0.15% phosphoric acid and acetonitrile in gradient mode. The UV detection wavelength was 365 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL · min(-1) and the column temperature was set at 30 °C. All the standard compounds showed a good linearity in the range of 0.100 8-1.008 (r = 0.999 2), 0.484 8-4.848 (r = 0.999 0) , 1. 354-13. 54 (r = 0.999 6), 0.316 8-3.168 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.999 0) for myricetin, luteolin, apigenin and kaempferol, respectively. The average recoveries of these four flavonoids were 98.5%, 100.9%, 99.7% and 98.9% with RSD 1.2%, 1.7%, 0.81% and 1.6%, respectively. In conclusion, the method is simple, rapid and accurate. It can be applied for the quality control of Wikstroemia indica.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Wikstroemia ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo establish an RP-HPLC method for determination of betulinic acid in Callicarpa macrophylla, a commonly used herbal in Yunnan.

METHODA Kromasil-C18 column (4.6 mm x 200 mm, 5 microm) and a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid (63: 37) were used. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1) and the UV detector wavelength was 205 nm.

RESULTBetulinic acid was well separated from other compounds in C. macrophylla. The content of betulinic acid in C. macrophylla from different origins showed apparent differences, the content of betulinic acid in C. macrophylla from Yunnan was the highest. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.016 6-0.332 mg x mL(-1) of betulinic acid with correlation coefficient 0.999 8. The average recovery of betulinic acid was 98.5%.

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and is suitable for the quality control of C. macrophylla.

Calibration ; Callicarpa ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Linear Models ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; isolation & purification

Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; immunology ; SARS Virus ; immunology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; prevention & control ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology ; Vaccines, Inactivated ; immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; immunology ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology ; Virion ; immunology