Objective To study the characteristics of invasive catheter infection in neurosurgery intensive care unit (NICU) to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of the infections.Method A retrospective analysis was done into the clinical data of 563 patients with indwelling catheter from January 2011 to December 2012 in our department.Results Among 563 cases undergoing invasive catheteration,there were 106 cases of catheter-associated infections with an incidence of 18.8%. The urinary catheter-associated infection was 24.5% and epidural drainage catheter-associated infection was 16.9%.Conclusion The enhanced consciousness of critical catheter infections,abiding by principles for aseptic operation and strengthened nursing to catheters or tubes are critical for reducing the incidence of invasive catheter-associated infections and ensuring the safety patients.

Object To study the anti-arrhythmia effect and acute toxicity of flavonoid from Erysimum cheiranthoides L. Methods To study the anti-arrhythmia of the flavonoid by determination of the ECG of rabbits. To study the acute toxicity effect of the flavonoid by Karber's method. Results The results showed that the flavonoid could remedy to tachycardia caused by Adriamycin and it could remedy to bradycardia caused by Verapamil. Acute toxicity showed that LD 50 of flavonoid is 311.7 mg/kg, 95% CI is 289.9—339.5 mg/kg. Conclusion The flavonoid can rectify tachycardia due to various reasons with very little toxicity.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of nicastrin (nct) gene on the biological functions of melanocytes in zebrafish.Methods:By using a morpholino oligonucleotide (MO) technology, a nct-MO sequence targeting the zebrafish nct mRNA was designed, so was a MO control (ctrl-MO) sequence. Then, the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) mRNA with MO target sequence at its 5′ end was synthesized, and co-microinjected with the nct-MO or ctrl-MO sequence into the zebrafish embryos to verify the silencing efficiency of nct-MO and observe changes in developmental phenotypes in zebrafish. With wild-type zebrafish as a blank control group, real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) was conducted to determine the mRNA expression of melanin synthesis-and notch signaling pathway-related genes, including mitfa, tyr, tyrp1a, tyrp1b, dct, pmela, notch1a, notch1b and hey1 genes. One-way analysis of variance was used for the comparison of means among multiple groups, and least significant difference (LSD) - t test for multiple comparisons. Results:Eight hours after zebrafish fertilization, green fluorescence was observed in the zebrafish embryos in the ctrl-MO+EGFP mRNA group, but not in the nct-MO+EGFP mRNA group or blank control group. Forty-eight hours after fertilization, the proportion of pigmented area among the whole area of the tail of zebrafish larvae was significantly lower in the nct-MO group (0.169 ± 0.083) than in the ctrl-MO group (0.258 ± 0.042, t=3.202, P=0.005) , and disorderly pigment distribution in the tails was observed in the nct-MO group. RT-PCR revealed significant differences in the mRNA expression of pmela, tyrp1a and hey1 genes among the nct-MO group, ctrl-MO group and blank control group (all P < 0.05) , but no significant difference was observed in the mRNA expression of mitfa, tyr, tyrp1b, dct, notch1a or notch1b genes among the 3 groups (all P>0.05) ; the relative expression levels of pmela and tyrp1a mRNAs were significantly lower in the nct-MO group (0.708 ± 0.028, 0.558 ± 0.136, respectively) than in the ctrl-MO group (1.023 ± 0.142, 1.016 ± 0.134, respectively, both P < 0.05) . Conclusion:The nct gene may affect biological functions of melanocytes by regulating melanin synthesis in zebrafish.

Objective To explore the early diagnostic marker and mechanism of the injury of in- testinal mucosal barrier induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups:the sham operation group(SO),the ischemia 15 minutes group(A),the ischemia 45 minutes group(B),the ischemia 45 minutes plus reperfusion 2 hours group (C),the ischemia 45 minutes plus reperfusion 6 hours group(D),and the ischemia 45 minutes plus reperfusion 12 hours group(E).Using clamping and then releasing superior mesenteric artery the model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats was made.The sham operation group only underwent laparotomy. At different time points after ischemia and reperfusion the levels of serum CK,LDH,D-lactate and intes- tinal fatty acid binding protein(IFABP)in each group were examined.The morphological changes of in- testinal tissues were observed with light microscopy.Results Compared with group SO,the level of se- rum IFABP in group A was(374.74?48.85)pg/ml,significantly higher(P＜0.01),but the level of CK,LDH and D-lactate had no significant difference(all P＞0.05).In group B,the level of CK was (1090.40?187.51)u/L,peaking at 45 minutes after ischemia,meanwhile,D-lactate and IFABP levels were significantly increased(P＜0.01,respectively).In group C,D-lactate and IFABP were (2.51?0.19)?g/ml and (1601.42?286.81 )pg/ml,respectively,peaking at 2 hours after reperfusion (P＜0.01).At 6 hours after reperfusion,compared with ischemia 45 minutes,CK level was significantly de- creased(P＜0.01),LDH had no significant difference(P＞0.05),but the levels of D-lactate and IF- ABP were(2.03?0.24)?g/ml and(1443.76?174.52)pg/ml,respectively,all sustained a high lev- el(P＜0.01 ).At 12 hours after reperfusion,D-lactate and IFABP levels were gradually decreased(P＜0.01).At 45 minutes after ischemia the morphological changes of intestinal mucosa could be observed. At 6 hours after reperfusion part of the mucous layer appeared necrotic,some intestinal mucosal cells shed to enteric cavity,and submucous layer had hyperemia and edema obviously.Injury scores of intestinal mucosa were significantly correlated to the serum level of D-lactate and IFABP,correlation coefficients were 0.456,0.612(P＜0.01).Conclusion The monitoring of serum IFABP combined with D-lac- tate is a early,sensitive and specific biochemical marker in the diagnosis of intestinal mucosal barrier in- jury after ischemia-reperfusion.

Objective To investigate the potential infectious of the new-Bunyavirus among the blood-donors in Guiyang area.Methods A total of 1 187 blood samples and the basic data were collected from the blood center of Guizhou.The new-Bunyavirus total antibody in serum was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The samples were tested repeatedly by ELSIA,and general statistics description of the samples′ data was did by Excel2007,and the age,gender,occupation and collecting time of the samples were analyzed by SPSS19.0.Results The positive rate of new-Bunyavirus total antibody among blood-donors in Guiyang was 5.31%,and the new-Bunyavirus total antibody titers was 1∶20-1∶64.The positive were tested by PCR for identifying,PCR results of all positive samples were negative.The positive rates between different genders,ages,occupations,and nationalities were not statistically significant(P>0.05),but the difference of positive rates between epidemic period and later stages of the epidemic was statistically significant(χ2=4.623,P=0.032).Conclusion There are new-Bunyavirus total antibody positive samples in blood-donors,noticing that there is a possibility of potential infection among Guiyang blood-donors and even healthy people.

BACKGROUND:Transformation growth factor beta 1 is mostly used to induce the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, but there is a poor induction efficacy.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s co-cultured with articular chondrocytes or induced by transforming growth factor beta 1.
METHODS:Articular chondrocytes and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from SD rats were harvested and divided into 1:2, 2:1, 1:1 concentration groups. Cel s induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 acted as control group. After 20 days of induced culture, MTT was used to detect cel viability, alcian blue colorimetric assay was applied to measure glycosaminoglycan content, and western blot assay was employed to determine the expression of col agen type II.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The absorbance value in the control group was significantly lower than that in the 1:1 and 2:1 groups (P<0.05). Glycosaminoglycan content and protein expression of col agen type II were also lower in the control group than the 1:2, 1:1, 2:1 groups. But there was no difference between 1:1 and 2:1 groups (P>0.05). The results show that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s co-cultured with articular chondrocytes can be induced to differentiate into chondrocytes, and meanwhile, there is a saturation phenomenon during the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s.

Humans ; Vertigo ; therapy

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of gemcitabine arterial infusion chemotherapy with intravenous chemotherapy in the management of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine arterial infusion chemotherapy. Methods 43 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer were included in this study, of whom 21 patients received arterial infusion chemotherapy (Group A) and the other 22 were treated by intravenous chemotherapy (Group B), gemcitabine combined with 5-FU chemotherapy was administrated in both groups. The main outcomes were clinical benefit response (CBR), tumor response rate and toxicity. Results Compared with Group B, there was a significant improvement of CBR in group A (81% vs 50%, P =0.033) ; there was also significant improvement of pain control in group A (76.2% vs 45.5%, P =0.039). There was no significant difference in the tumor response rate between two groups (33.3% vs 22.7%, P =0.498). No significant increase of side effects was observed in both groups. Conclusions In the management of advanced pancreatic cancer, the arterial infusion method may be more favorable than intravenous approach in improving clinical benefits with mild toxicity and well tolerability.

Objective To investigate the relationship of fetal total bile acid (TBA) concentration with the change of fetal pancreas endocrine secretion and its impact on fetal growth and development in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP). Methods The concentrations of TBA, insulin, glucagon and glucose in the cord blood were measured in 30 fetuses with maternal ICP (case group) and 30 fetuses of normogravidas(control group) after elective cesarean section during the same period in the Department of Obstetrics of Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University from March 2007 to February 2008. The cord blood TBA concentration was investigated by enzyme method and the concentrations of insulin and glucagon were investigated by radioimmunoassay. The glucose was measured by oxidase-superoxide method. The neonatal weight, length and the ponderal index (PI) were measured after parturition. Results (1) The cord blood insulin concentration (9.0±3.3) mU/L and the ratio of insulin over glucagon 0. 048±0. 028 in the case group was significantly lower than that of controls(10.1±3.7) mU/L,0.050±0. 020 (P<0.05). The concentrations of TBA(10.3±3. 8)μmol/L and glucagon(235±57) ng/L in case group were obviously higher than that in controls (4.1±1.3)μol/L, (205±34) ng/L(P<0.05). But no difference was shown in the glucose concentration in cord blood between the ease and control groups [(3.4±1.1) mmol/L vs (3.6± 1.2 )mmol/L, P > 0.05]. (2)The neonatal weight and length in case group were significantly lower than that of control [(3163±478) g vs (3498±393)g, (46.5±2.3) cm vs (49.3±1.9)cm, P<0.01]; while the Ponderal index in ease group was significantly higher than that of control group (3.13±0. 23 vs 2. 92±0. 29,P <0.01). (3) The cord blood TBA concentration respectively showed a linear relationship with the cord blood insulin concentration, the cord blood glucagon concentration and the ratio of insulin over glucagon in the case group. With the increase in cord blood TBA concentration, the cord insulin concentration and the ratio of insulin over glucagon decreased; meanwhile the cord blood glucagon concentration rose(P<0.01). The cord blood insulin concentration and the ratio of insulin over glucagon in case group were respectively positively correlated with the neonatal weight and length, and were negatively correlated with the PI (P<0.01); while the cord glucagon concentration was respectively negatively correlated with the neonatal weight and length, and positively correlated with the P1 (P < 0.01 ).Conclusions In 1CP fetus pancreas, there are hypoinsulinism, glucagon oversecretion, and decrease of the ratio of insulin over glucagon, which is closely correlated with fetal TBA concentration. The endocrine function of fetal pancreas affects the fetal growth and development.

Objective To detect mitochondrial gene 3243 A to 1507 Chinese and analyze their clinical characteristics.Methods Classical PCR－ RFLP was used to detect the mutation and statistical analysis was performed on the data after stratification in accordance with presence or absence of diabetes.Results (1)In this study,prevalence of mitochondrial gene 3243 A to G mutation was 1.16～ 1.20％ .(2)Compared with MDM(mitochondrial diabetes),M－ NGT(normal glucose to lerance with mutation)showed no significant difference in body fat parameters,blood lipid and C－ peptide except for early onset and hearing loss(P=0.0028).(3)Compared with type 2 DM,MDM presented characteristics of early onset,weight loss,hearing loss,islet cell function decrease and maternal hereditary.Conclusion Follow－ up should be given to the carrying the mitochondrial gene 3243 A to G mutation but presenting generally normal clinical manifestation in order to give the patient in－ time diagnosis and treatment.