OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of extended-spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs) and the resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from biliary tract and abdominal cavity.METHODS ESBLs-producers were detected by CLSI Phenotypic Confirmatory Test and susceptibilities were tested by agar dilution method.RESULTS 50.1% Of isolates were ESBLs producers in those isolates.ESBLs producers were highly resistant to ampicillin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,fluoroquinolones,and cefotaxime.The resistant rate to ceftazidime,cefepime,cefoperazone-sulbactam,amikacin,and cefmetazole was less than 40%.None was resistant to meropenem in ESBLs producers.In non-ESBLs producers the resistant rate to ampicillin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,fluoroquinolones was more than 40% and most were susceptible to other antimicrobial agents.The resistant rate to ampicillin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,and ciprofloxacin was significantly higher in ESBLs producers than non-ESBLs producers.CONCLUSIONS With resistance to most of antimicrobial agents,ESBLs-producers were highly prevalent in E.coli isolates from biliary tract and abdominal cavity,so more attention should be paid to survey and detect those strains.

Objective To explore the reliability and validity of driver coping questionnaire (DCQ) Chinese version. Methods Three hundred and forty drivers were investigated at random by DCQ and positive affect nagative affect scale (PANAS). Results Four factors were extracted, namely active appraisal and coping, confrontive coping, emotion-focused coping and avoidance coping. The correlation coefficients between the questionnaire and the four factors were 0.317 ～ 0. 813 (P ＜ 0.01 ), and the correlation coefficients among the four factors were 0.057 ～0.294. Positive appraisal and coping were correlated with PA positively( r=0. 171, P＜0. 01 ) ,and with NA negatively( r= -0. 349, P＜0.01 ),and the other three coping styles were positively correlated with NA( r=0. 242 ～0.262, P＜0.01 ). The split-half reliability was 0.734,the Cronbach α coefficients of the total questionnaire and four factors were 0. 807,0. 890,0. 621,0. 571and 0. 687 respectively. Conclusion DCQ Chinese version has good reliability and validity, and is an effective instrument to test drivers' coping behavior.

Objective To investigate the clinical,neuroradiologic characteristics and possible causes in 3 patients with combined developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) and cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM).Methods The clinical examination,magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1-weighted (T1 WI),T2-weighted (T2WI),susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) or T2 fast field echo (T2 FFE),contrast-enhanced MRI at 1.5 T field strength and digital substrate angiography were performed in 3 patients.Results Three patients presented with the seizure,vertigo,and dizziness respectively.MRI findings of reticulated “popcorn like” lesion with complete hemosiden rim showed typical sign of CCM.DSA,contrast-enhanced MRI and MRI-SWI revealed the caput medusae of the medullary veins and collected veins which was drained into subcortical and deep venous system,which indicated DVAs in 3 patients.The angulated medullary veins and collected veins in approaching distal zone of CCM were observed.Conclusion DVAs can be combined with CCM.The angulated medullary veins and collected veins combined with CCM in same territory reveals that the angioarchitectural factors is a key factor in pathogenesis of cavernous malformation.

Objective To investigate the suppression to 2-glycoprotein-1-specific B cell response by human recombinant 2-glycoprotein-1 domain Ⅰ dimer(rh?2-GP1-DⅠ2) in rh?2-GP1 immunized mice.Methods The effects of treatment using rh?2-GP1-DⅠ2 on titer and ratio of anti-?2-GP1 were analyzed by solid phase ELISA.The number of splenic ?2-GP1-specific antibody-forming cells(AFC) was counted by ELISPOT.Results The levels of anti-?2-GP1 from rh?2-GP1 immunized mice treated with rh?2-GP1-DⅠ2 were significantly decreased compared with those in negative controls(P

AIM: A HPLC fingerprint has been established of six active principles in Cistanche tubulosa in nine different regions in the Xinjian Uygur Automomous Region in China. METHODS: Chromatographic condition included a symmetry C_(18)(4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m) column and the gradient elution was adopted with ratio of acetonitrile-0.095% H_3PO_4 from 8()∶92 to 12()∶88 in 0-18 min and 12()∶18 to 19()∶81 in 18-40 min,19()∶81 maintain for 50 min.The detection wavelength was at 330 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and detection time was 90 min. RESULTS: Eleven common characteristic peaks,including salidroside, bartsioside,echinacoside,cistanbuloside A,tabuloside A and acteoside were taken as fingerprint peaks the precision and the accuracy were in accordance with the chromatographic requirement. CONCLUSION: The method is stable,reliable,precision and provides a scientific basis for the quality standard for Cistanche tubulosa.

Objective To study the effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF)on angiogenesis of rat with acute myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol(Iso). Methods A total of 60 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group, GM-CSF pretreatment group (GM-CSF group), and lso injury group, 20 rats in each group. GM-CSF group was administered recombinant human(rh)GM-CSF(5.0 μg/kg), through tail intravenous injection once a day for three days. Then the GM-CSF group and the Iso injury group were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of lso( 15.0 mg/kg) once a day for three days. The same dose of saline was administered in the same way to the control rats. Ten days after injection, pathological changes of myocardial damage and infarct area were examined by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression levels of polypeptide antigen (CD34), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor KDR/flk- 1 were measured by RT-PCR. Results The difference of myocardial necrosis area between groups was statistically significant(F=10.07, P < 0.01), in which GM-CSF group[(37.37 ± 12.98)%] was significantly less than Iso injury group[(45.51 ±14.96)%, P < 0.05]. The difference of myocardial neovascularization density index of rats between groups was statistically significant ( F = 25.54, P < 0.05 ), in which GM-CSF group [(3980.05 ± 477.22) No/mm2] was significantly higher than Iso injury group((2605.93±361.49)No/mm2,P<0.01).The differences of myocardial CD34,VEGF,KDR/flk-1 mRNA expression between groups were statistically significant(F=17.83,4.29,4.10,all P<0.01).Compared to Iso mjury group[CD34(23.85±6.06),VEGF(31.80±8.05),KDR/flk-1(30.16±8.01)]were higher in the GM-CSF group[CD34(44.04±10.13),VEGF(49A±11.59),and KDR/flk-1(46A9±7.90),all P<0.01].The expressions of myocardiM VEGF mRNA and its receptor KDR/flk-1 mRNA was positively correlated(r=0.725,R2=0.526,P<0.01).Conclusions GM-CSF prelreatmcnt increases the density ofnew blood vessels in myocardium,and reduces the Iso-induced myocardial injury in rats.

A sensitive, rapid and specific liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for quantification of gabapentin in human plasma has been developed. After a single plasma protein precipitation with methanol, gabapentin and metformin (internal standard) were chromatographed on a Inertsil ODS-3 column (50 mm x 2.1 mm ID, 3 microm) with mobile phase consisting of methanol-0.2% formic acid aqueous solution (80:20, v/v) at a flow-rate of 0.2 mL x min(-1). Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in the positive ion mode. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with the transitions of m/z 172 --> m/z 154 and m/z 130 --> m/z 71 were used to quantify gabapentin and metformin, respectively. The run time was 2.2 min. The linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 40.8-8.16x10(3) ng x mL(-1). The lower limit of quantification was 40.8 ng x mL(-1). The intra- and inter-day precision (RSD) was less than 12%, and the accuracy (RE) was within +/-6.4% calculated from quality control (QC) samples. The method was used to determine the concentration of gabapentin in human plasma after a single oral administration of 600 mg gabapentin capsule to 20 healthy male Chinese volunteers. The method was proved to be selective, sensitive, rapid and suitable for pharmacokinetic study of gabapentin in human plasma.

Objective To investigate the sleep habit of children with cerebral palsy. Methods The parents of 81 children 4~12 years old ere interviewed with Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Results The prevalence rate of sleep disorder (the score of CSHQ≥ 9) was 51.9%, and increased with the age of the children (P=0.001). The total score, bedtime resistance, and sleep anxiety of CSHQ was igher in 4~5-year-old group than in 6~7-year-old group and 8~12-year-old group (P<0.05). Female (OR=3.222 , P=0.032), young (OR= .702, P=0.022), and accepted rehabilitation later (OR=1.029, P=0.048) children were in risk for poor sleeping. Conclusion Sleep disorders re severe among children with cerebral palsy. Early rehabilitation may improve their sleep.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Desheng pills. METHODS:The components Leonurus japonicus,Bupleurum chinense and Aucklandia lappa in Desheng pills were qualitatively identified by TLC,and the content of peoniflorin in Desheng pills was determined by HPLC. RESULTS:The TLC spots of L. japonicus,B. chinense and A. lappa were clear. The linear range of peoniflorin was 1.40～28.0 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 0) with an average recovery of 99.4%(RSD=1.5%,n=9). CONCLUSION:The established standard can be used for the quality control of Desheng pills.

BACKGROUND:The currently published literatures about Tuina manipulation for lumbar disc herniation include clinical observations, retrospective study and summary of clinical experience, which have shortcomings in the study design, choice of cases and outcome measures. Reviews may enrol randomized and intended references, and has no analysis or evaluation on the quality of involved literatures, leading to the bias and subjective views.
OBJECTIVE:To research the application laws of Tuina manipulation for treating lumbar disc herniation through literature analysis within 10 years.
METHODS:The key words of“lumbar disc herniation, traditional Chinese medicine, Tuina, manipulation, massage, rehabilitation, poking channels, point pressing, palpating pressing, and finger pressing”in Chinese were used to search the literature about Tuina manipulation in treatment of lumbar disc herniation within recent 10 years published in the Wanfang database, Vip database and CNKI database. The top 20 manipulations of Tuina for lumbar disc herniation were and statistical analyzed with hierarchical clustering statistical method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The hierarchical clustering analysis results showed that, Tuina manipulations for lumbar disc herniation are as fol ows:(1) manipulations acted on soft tissue, including rol ing, holding, pushing and pressing;(2) manipulations acted on acupuncture point, including Urinary Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang acupuncture points (Shengshu, Dachangshu, Guanyuanshu, Zhibian, Chengfu, Weizhong, Chengshan and Kunlun), Gal Bladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang acupuncture points (Huantiao and Yanglingquan), Yaoyangguan point in Du Meridian, Zusanli point in Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming, and tender points;(3) manipulations acted on human bones and joints, including waist inclined pul method, waist back-stretching method, pelvic traction method and straight-leg raising method. The findings indicate that the potential application laws of Tuina manipulation for treating lumbar disc herniation are given priority to pressing acupuncture points (Urinary Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang acupuncture point, Gal Bladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang acupuncture point, Du Meridian, Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming acupuncture point and tender points), at the same time companied with manipulations acted on soft tissue (rol ing, holding, pushing spinal method), and bones and joints (waist inclined pul method, waist back-stretching method, pelvic traction method and straight-leg raising method).