The compound that distributes in the herbs with one common effect was named as "co-effect compound" (CEC). The CECs of three traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) effects, purgative, relieving pain and clearing heat, had been found and studied. A strong corresponding relationship was found between the pharmacological activities of CECs and the TCM effect they belong to. The study shows that it may be a feasible method to connect traditional effect of TCM with modem pharmacological activity.
Anthraquinones ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Cathartics ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVE To enhance the rational usage of antibiotics by comprehensive interventional measures in clinics.METHODS Several interventional measures have been adopted in our hospital since January 2001: to(establish) expert team on antibiotics usage and administration consultation;constitute antibiotics use criteria(suitable) for each clinical specialty;train and examine the usage of antibiotics;censor the distribution of pathogen and drug-resistance variance.Then 10% of the discharged medical records in 2000,2002 and 2004 were drawn out respectively to analyze the usage of antibiotics and the isolation of pathogen from nosocomial infection cases.(RESULTS) The proportion of the patients with prophylactic and remedial indications was increased remarkably((P

OBJECTIVEThe protection rate of inoculation with BCG vaccine is only 50 percent, and most of patients with tuberculosis had a history of BCG vaccine inoculation. Adenosine (ADO) has an immunomodulating effect; it promotes immune reaction by increasing number of macrophage and enhancing phagocytosis. The present study was designed to investigate if combined use of adenosine with BCG enhances the anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis effect of macrophage in mice.

METHODSFifty BALB/C mice were divided randomly into 3 groups: BCG group (n = 21), BCG plus ADO group (n = 21) and control group (n = 8). The mice in BCG and BCG plus ADO groups were inoculated with 0.1 ml BCG intradermally and the mice in BCG plus ADO group were injected intraperitoneally with ADO 30 mg/(kg.d) for 5 days. The mice in BCG group and control group were injected with NS 0.1 ml/d for 5 days. Six weeks after the last injection, all mice were challenged with intravenous 1 x 10(6) CFU human Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulent strain. After challenging, lung and spleen specimens were taken at the 10th, 20th and 30th days from the mice of BCG and BCG plus ADO groups and at the 30th day from mice in control group. The pathological examinations of lung and spleen sections were performed after HE staining and acid-fast staining, and detection of cell apoptosis was also performed.

RESULTSConsolidation with neutrophil infiltration was found in most of the lung tissue taken at the day 30; there were a lot of tuberculous granulomas and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs of control group. The alveolar septum in BCG gradually became wide and in interstitium lymphocyte infiltration dominated, and there were less tuberculous granulomas but there were large number of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs from 10th to 30th days after challenging. The widening of alveolar septum and consolidation of lung tissue in BCG plus ADO group became milder with monocytes infiltration, and there were few tuberculosis granulomas and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs from 10th to 30th days after challenging.

CONCLUSIONADO could increase the number of monocyte-macrophages and promoted anti-bacterial effects of these cells.

Adenosine ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Animals ; BCG Vaccine ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Injections, Intradermal ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; immunology ; Neutrophil Infiltration ; drug effects ; Phagocytosis ; drug effects ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; immunology ; prevention & control

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of rituximab (RTX), a chimeric human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, on lymphoma cell injury induced by X ray irradiation. The human Burkitt EBV-infected and moderate radioresistance lymphoma cells (Namalwa) were used in the this study. Cytotoxicity of rituximab combined with X ray irradiation on Namalwa cells was measured by sulforhodamine B (SRB)-staining; the apoptosis of Namalwa cells was detected by flow cytometry with FITC-Annexin V/PI double staining; the morphologic changes of cells were observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the change of intracellular free calcium level ([Ca(2+)]i) in response to irradiation and rituximab was determined by means of the fluorescent dye fluo-3 and confocal microscopy. The results showed that the growth inhibition in Namalwa cells exposed to irradiation was enhanced by treatment with rituximab. Compared with irradiation alone, rituximab combined with irradiation significantly induced the cell apoptosis and a sustained rise of intracellular free calcium ([Ca(2+)]i) level in Namalwa cells; the serial apoptotic appearances of cells could be observed under TEM. It is concluded that rituximab can enhance the sensitivity of lymphoma cells on X ray irradiation as to induce cell more apoptosis, in this process the intracellular free calcium ([Ca(2+)]i), as an intracellular signaling molecule probably plays an important role.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; immunology ; pharmacology ; Antigens, CD20 ; immunology ; Apoptosis ; Calcium ; analysis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Radiation Tolerance ; drug effects ; Rituximab

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) on nutrition and related influencing factors among the "floating" women under pregnancy.

METHODS171 subjects in Chengdu, China were surveyed cross-sectionally by questionnaires.

RESULTSMost participants expressed a positive attitude towards nutrition and health, however, only 25.1% of the subjects under study had a better knowledge on nutrition and on healthy dietary practices. Frequency of the important foods (milk, egg, soy bean, nut, seafood etc.) intake were not enough during pregnancy. A significantly positive correlation was found between nutrition K, A and P (r = 0.322, 0.285, 0.173; P < 0.05). Level of education among the pregnant women under mobility and occupation of their husbands were the major contributing factors to their KAP level on nutrition (beta = 0.248, 0.312; P < 0.01). Medical staff, dietitians and specific books were the major sources of information on nutrition.

CONCLUSIONMore educational programs were needed to improve the knowledge and dietary behavior on nutrition to this population.

Adult ; China ; Diet Surveys ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Nutritional Requirements ; Pregnancy ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Travel

Objective:To explore the effect of methamphetamine (MA) dependence on the attention of female youth, and to analyze the intervention effect of computer-based cognitive training on the attention of MA-dependent female youth.Method:From May to August 2021, a total of 64 MA-dependent female youths in abstinence period from a women's compulsory isolated drug rehabilitation center in Sichuan Province were selected as the MA group, and 53 ordinary female youths matched with their age and education level were selected as the normal control group.According to the matching principle of age, education level, and attention pre-test scores, the subjects in MA-dependent group were divided into MA-dependent intervention group( n=30)and MA-dependent waiting group( n=34). CogniPlus cognitive training system was used to train the attention of subjects in MA-dependent intervention group( n=30), while the subjects in MA-dependent waiting group( n=34) and normal control group did not receive training.The Vienna Test System was used to collect the attention scores of all subjects.SPSS 20.0 analysis software was used for data processing.Statistical analysis was performed using independent samples t test and paired samples t test. Results:The MA-dependent group had significantly longer endogenous alertness, temporary alertness, and concentration response time ((275.61±47.79)ms, (268.63±51.41)ms, (444.08±134.40)ms) compared with the normal control group ((247.02±34.09)ms, (237.60±46.04)ms, (355.15±44.37)ms) ( t=3.767, 3.405, 4.976; all P<0.05). After attention training, the post-test reaction time of endogenous alertness, temporary alertness, and concentration ((264.10±38.98)ms, (251.67±38.06)ms, (352.03±65.70)ms) in the MA-dependent intervention group were significantly shorter than those in the MA-dependent waiting group ((323.18±83.28)ms, (302.74±82.75)ms, (402.76±74.34)ms) ( t=-3.702, -3.232, -2.876; all P<0.05). The post-test reaction time of temporary alertness and concentration in the MA-dependent intervention group ((251.67±38.06)ms, (352.03±65.70)ms)were shorter than those of the pre-test ((265.70±37.84)ms, (428.67±120.11)ms) ( t=2.179, 3.588; both P<0.05). The MA-dependent waiting group had a longer post-test reaction time of endogenous alertness and temporary alertness(323.18±83.28)ms, (302.74±82.75)ms) compared with the pre-test ((285.35±51.43)ms, (271.21±61.42)ms) ( t=-2.752, -2.664; both P<0.05) and the post-test reaction time of concentration ((402.76±74.34)ms) was shorter than that of the pre-test ((457.68±146.29)ms)( t=2.431, P<0.05). The MA-dependent intervention group had longer endogenous alertness, temporary alertness, and pre-test reaction time of concentration ((264.57±41.41)ms, (265.70±37.84)ms, (428.67±120.11)ms)compared with the normal control group( t=2.083, 2.841, 3.230; all P<0.05). The post-test of endogenous alertness ((264.10±38.98)ms) was longer than that of the normal control group ( t=2.082, P<0.05). Conclusion:The cognitive training based on the CogniPlus system has a certain effect on the attention maintenance or recovery of MA-dependent female youth.It can be used as an intervention measure for cognitive impairment of drug addicts and help them healthy return to society.

Objective To investigate the association between the genetic variant of miRNA-1 target gene COG6 rs9548934 C→T and the risk of premature coronary artery disease (pCAD).Methods This study included 226 pACD patients and 275 gender and age matched pCAD-free controls hospitalized in our hospital,diagnosis was made based on coronary angiography ( CAG ) results.The genotypes of miRNA-1 target gene COG6 rs9548934 C→T were detected by PCR-RFLP.Results Compared with the wide genotype CC,subjects with the variant genotypes CT of rs9548934 C→T was associated with a 45％ lower risk of pACD (adjusted OR =0.55,95％ CI =0.36 -0.82,P =0.003),and the subjects with CT/TT genotypes were also associated with a significantly lower risk of pACD ( adjusted OR =0.64,95％ CI =0.44 - 0.92,P=0.015).Using the median serum TG level (1.20 mmol/L) in control group as the cutoff value,subjects with higher serum TG levels were associated with increased risk of pACD after adjustment for age,gender and BMI ( adjusted OR =2.32,95％ CI =1.57 - 3.41,P ＜ 0.001 ).In addition,subjects with higher HDL-C levels were associated with significantly lower risk of pACD ( adjusted OR =0.48,95％ CI =0.31 -0.75,P =0.001 ).Stratified analyses showed that the risk reduction for pCAD in CT/TT genotypes carriers was more significant in the female subjects ( adjusted OR =0.54,95％ CI =0.30 - 0.97,P=0.040),and in subjects with lower TG,TC,HDL-C and LDL-C levels (adjusted OR =0.62,95％ CI =0.39 - 0.98,P =0.040; adjusted OR =0.55,95 ％ CI =0.35 - 0.85,P =0.008; adjusted OR =0.43,95％CI=0.22-0.87,P=0.018; adjusted OR=0.49,95％CI=0.32-0.75,P=0.001,respectively).Conclusion The polymorphism of miRNA-1 target gene COG6 rs9548934C→T is associated with lower risk of pCAD,especially in female subjects and subjects with lower serum lipid levels.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between mTOR signaling pathway and ALK-positive lymphoid cell lines.

METHODSThe expression of the downstream effector proteins of mTOR were analyzed by Western blot before and after Karpas299, BaF3/NPM-ALK and BaF3 cell lines treated with rapamycin. Effect of rapamycin on cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. FACS was used to analyze apoptosis and cell cycles.

RESULTSmTOR signaling phosphoproteins, p-p70S6K and p-4E-BP1 were highly expressed in ALK(+) Karpas299, BaF3/NPM-ALK and parental BaF3 cell lines, and they were dephosphorylated after 1 h withdrawal of IL-3 in BaF3 cells. After 48 h exposure to 10 nmol/L rapamycin, p-p70S6K and p-4E-BP1 proteins expression were decreased, and mainly for the former. The relative inhibitory rate to its control cells was 24.4% in Karpas299, 37.8% in BaF3/NPM-ALK and 61.6% in BaF3. The apoptotic ratio was increased from (11.97 +/- 0.11)% to (15.87 +/- 0.62)% in Karpas299 (P < 0.05), from (3.23 +/- 0.11)% to (7.67 +/- 0.49)% in BaF3 (P < 0.05) and from (1.90 +/- 0.47)% to (2.80 +/- 0.27)% in BaF3/NPM-ALK (P > 0.05). The fraction of G(1) phase cells increased from (37.63 +/- 1.91)% to (69.77 +/- 5.44)% in BaF3/NPM-ALK, from (31.13 +/- 2.51)% to (40.70 +/- 1.47)% in Karpas299 and (53.57 +/- 2.22)% to (63.70 +/- 1.20)% in BaF3 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNPM-ALK kinase can activate mTOR signaling pathway. Rapamycin can inhibit the proliferation of ALK(+) lymphoid cells by blocking mTOR signaling pathway and inducing cell cycling arrest at G(1) phase.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Sirolimus ; pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

OBJECTIVETo study the function of the SP3111 protein in fertilization and early embryo development through in vitro fertilization (IVF) experiments following anti-SP111 antibody (Ab2438) blocking.

METHODSSperm samples collected from male mice were divided into an experimental, a blank control and a negative control group before IVF. The sperm of the experimental group was incubated with Ab2438 for 1 h followed by IVF and observed for the rates of fertilization and embryo fragmentation at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 22 h. Then the fertilized eggs were incubated with Ab2438, and the rates of fertilization embryo fragmentation were observed at 22 h.

RESULTSAfter the sperm was incubated with Ab2438, the incidences of embryo fragmentation were 5.26, 8.77, 23.25, 43.42 and 59.21% at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 22 h, respectively, with significant differences from the control groups (P < 0.01). After 22 h Ab2438 incubation of the fertilized eggs, the rates of normal and fragmented embryos of the experimental group were 23.64 and 63.64%, respectively, significantly different from those of the control groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAnti-SP3111 antibodies remarkably affected fertilization and early embryo development in mice. The SP3111 protein may be a signal molecule and plays a role in fertilization and early embryo development together with other proteins. Further studies on the function of the SP3111 protein in reproduction may offer a new insight into the molecular mechanism of infertility.

Animals ; Antibodies ; immunology ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Spermatozoa ; immunology

AIMTo investigate the pharmacokinetics of hylotelephin in Beagle dogs and obtain the main pharmacokinetic parameters.

METHODSAn HPLC method with UV detection was developed to study the pharmacokinetics of hylotelephin in dogs by joining an internal standard (anthracene). Benzoyl chloride was used to the pre-column derivatization of hylotelephin and methanol-water (64:36) was used as the mobile phase. According to the 3P97 pharmacokinetic program, the main parameters were calculated.

RESULTSThe hylotelephin pharmacokinetics conforms to a two-compartment open model after a single iv dose of hylotelephin 10.6 or 21.3 mg x kg(-1) in Beagle dogs. The parameters of two groups were as follows: T(1/2) alpha were 2.3 and 2.1 min, T(1/2) beta were 1.9 and 2.0 h, K12 were 0. 12 and 0.11 min, K21 were 0.17 and 0.21 min, K10 were 0.011 and 0.0094 min, Vc were 0.54 and 0.54 L x kg(-1), AUC were 1.8 and 4.1 g x min x L(-1), CL were 0.0048 and 0.0056 L x kg(-1) x min(-1), MRT were 2.10 and 2.4 h, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe pharmacokinetics of hylotelephin after iv administration showed a rapid distribution and elimination process in Beagle dogs and was of first order kinetics.

Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Crassulaceae ; chemistry ; Dogs ; Female ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet