With the diversified development in training clinical students, an impeccable system in clinical on - job postgraduates training has been established. lt has been being an important problem for colleges and tutors to improve the quality in the postgraduates training program in the specialty of ophthalmology. This paper analyzed the problems in the training of clinical postgraduates and explored the ways to resolve the problems.

Professor Dai Yuguang is good at treating many kinds of internal diseases.He thinks that the nasopharyngeal carcinoma is intimately connected with five viscera and two fu-large intestine and small instestine.Cold phlegm obstructs the lucid yang to get to nasopharynx.Radioactive rays burn the body fluid and interferes with zang-fu organs’ function.The poison of chemotherapy medicine is harmful to qi and blood,and blocks the transportation and transformation of the middle energizer.So,the principle to solve the problem is relieving the branch-aspect in acute cases;the methods include clearing away heat to remove toxin,replenishing qi and nourishing yin,etc.In the same time,to treat primary cause,dissipate phlegm and dredge orifices are needed.

Abstract?AlM:To study the thickness changes of retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL) in Parkinson's disease ( PD) .?METHODS:Fifteen eyes of 15 PD patients in early stage and 18 eyes of 18 controls were chosen to take RNFL examination by optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) . Circular scans were taken around the optic nerve head (diameter = 3. 46mm) to record the features of RNFL. Scanning areas included eight quadrants of the temporal, superior, nasal, inferior, inferior-temporal, superior-temporal, inferior-nasal and superior-nasal quadrant. RNFL thickness was comparatively analyzed in eight quadrants and the average level in two groups.?RESULTS: RNFL thickness in two groups in temporal, superior, nasal , inferior, temporal- inferior, temporal-superior, nasal-inferior, nasal-superior were: ( control/PD) 83. 2 ± 17. 5μm/68. 7 ± 13. 5μm, 132. 7 ± 17. 4μm/128. 1 ± 25. 3μm, 83. 7 ± 22. 3μm/76. 5 ± 17. 8μm, 141. 5 ± 15. 3μm/128. 6± 13. 2μm, 117. 9 ± 24. 5μm/103. 3 ± 14. 1μm, 120. 8 ± 21. 2μm /102. 6 ± 23. 7μm, 110. 2 ± 27. 7μm/96. 6 ± 15. 0μm, 109. 6 ± 20. 6μm/101. 2 ± 20. 9μm. The average RNFL thickness in controls was 109. 9 ± 8. 5μm while it showed 102. 3 ± 11. 9μm in PD group. RNFL thickness in inferior, temporal, inferior-temporal, superior-temporal and the average RNFL thickness were statistically different in two groups ( t= 2. 595, 2. 700, 2. 153, 2. 330, 2. 131;P= 0. 014, 0. 011,0. 040,0. 026,0. 041).?CONCLUSlON: RNFL thickness in inferior, temporal, inferior temporal, superior temporal and the average RNFL thickness are significantly thinner in mild PD than those in the controls.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective:To explore the possible specific perinatal risk factors in the development of autism through comparing the perinatal risk factors between patients with autism and other psychotic disorders.Methods: In this retrospective research,197 cases with autism and 93 cases with other psychotic disorders were selected and assessed with the self-made scale of perinatal risk factors.Statistical analyses were performed using t test and Chi-square test.Results:Compared with the control group,the autistic subjects had a significantly higher frequency of the perinatal risk factors(51 % vs.68%,P=0.003),particularly the rate of catching a cold during their mothers' pregnancy(14.2% vs.6.5%,P=0.038)and the rate of prematurity(10.7% vs.3.2%,P=0.022)than the control subjects.Feeding methods was different between the two groups(P=0.038).Conclusion:Catching a cold during mothers' pregnancy,prematurity and feeding methods may be related to the development of autism.

BACKGROUND: Geshu (BL 17) is one of eight influential points of blood, acting on tonifying blood, nourishing blood, activating blood circulation and resolving stasis.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Geshu (BL 17) on activating blood circulation and resolving stasis in blood stagnation syndrome with acupuncture.DESIGN: Randomized controlled and normal controlled observations were designed.SETTING: Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 65 cases of blood stagnation syndrome were selected from inpatients in Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.METHODS: Totally 65 cases were randomized into experiment group (33cases) and the control (32 cases). In the control, the patent Chinese drug,longxuejie was administrated orally for activating blood circulation and resolving stasis, 4 tablets/time, 3 times/day, 15 days made 1 course of treatment. In experiment group, Geshu (BL 17) was localized bilaterally; after routine sterilization on the points, a filiform needle, 25 mm in length was inserted and manipulated with even technique after arrival of qi for 5 minutes. In 15 minutes of needle retaining, the needle was manipulated for another 5 minutes and retained for 10 minutes, and then, the needle was withdrawn. The treatment was given once a day. Radioimmunoassay (RIA)was applied to determine the levels of 6-K-P and thromboxane B2 (TXB2)in plasma. Criteria on clinical therapeutic effects: Being cured is determined by slight red tongue, retarded and forceful pulse, disappearance of limb pain, skin and mucosal ecchymosis and dysmenorrhea, basic recovery of motor function in hemiplegia and disappearance of numbness. Being effective is by dark red tongue, slightly hesitant pulse, alleviation of limb pain, reducing of skin and mucosal ecchymosis, alleviation of dysmenorrhea, partial recovery of motor function in hemiplegia and alleviation of numbness. No effect is by none of any change of clinical symptoms in comparison before and after treatment.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Observation of therapeutic effects between two groups. ② Observation of plasma 6-K-P and TXB2 levels and 6-K-P/TXB2RESULTS: Totally 65 cases were all in the result analysis. ① Observation of therapeutic effects between two groups: The therapeutic effect in experiment group was higher remarkably than that in the control [be cured:(15,10); be effective: (13,11)]. ② Comparison of plasma 6-K-P levels: In experiment group, it was higher remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment [(159.28±16.48), (117.25±16.47) μg/L, P ＜ 0.05]. In the control, it was higher remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment [(133.51±13.97), (114.64±16.39) μg/L, P ＜ 0.05]. ③Comparison of plasma TXB2 level: In experiment group, it was lower remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment [(98.21±11.38), (110.45±1067) μg/L, P ＜ 0.05]. In the control, it was lower remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment [(101.15 ±12.14), (109.21±11.58) μg/L, P ＜ 0.05]. ④ Plasma 6-K-P/TXB2: In experiment group, it was higher remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment (1.621±0.203, 1.101±0.316, P ＜ 0.05). In the control,it was higher remarkably after treatment compared with that before treatment (1.322±0.216, 1.234±0.305, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Acupuncture on Geshu (BL 17) increases 6-K-P level and 6-K-P/TXB2 and reduces TXB2 level. It is explained that acupuncture on Geshu (BL 17) regulates imbalance of PGI2-TXA2 system in blood stagnation syndrome so that the blood circulation is activated and stasis is resolved.

Objective To observe the behavior changes and connexin 32(CX32),connexin 43(CX43)expressions in hippocampus and the effect of carbenoxolone on their expression in epileptic immature rats induced by lithium-pilocarpine.Methods Seventy-two SD immature rats of 21 d were randomly divided into control group(n=24),lithium-pilocarpine kindled group(n=24)and carbenoxolone treated group(n=24),each group by 24 h,3 d,7 d and 30 d were subdivided into 4 groups(n=6).Immuno-histochemisty was used to observe the expressions of CX32 and CX43 in hippocampus areas of immature rats,and to observe their behavior changes.Results The scores of the severe elileptiform seizures(Racine Ⅳ/Ⅴlevel)in lithium-pilocarpine group were significantly higher than those in carbenoxolone treated group;The latency in carbenoxolone treated group was prolonged significantly(P

To study the characteristic of the metacarpal fracture and the forensic investigation of severity of the injury.52 cases with metacarpal fracture were reviewed.The incidence and the location as well as the patterns of fracture were analyzed.The severity of the fracture were different with different mechanism.

Objective: Try to get the information about the civil will of donation of cadaver in Wuhan. Method: Make stochastic visit to the dwellers in Wuchang district of Wuhan and then study the statistical data. Content: Legal system, sensibility, traditional ideas and public opinions etc. Result: The most notable factors are legal system and sensibility. Conclusion: In order to implement the new law,we should strengthen the dissemination of donation of cadaver.

Objective To investigate the early diagnosis and management of eclampsia complicated with encephalopathy and to reduce the maternal mortality rate. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 8 cases with encephalopathy caused by eclampsia between Jan. 1988～Dec. 2002. Results There were 8 cases (22.2%) complicated with encephalopathy in 36 eclampsia patients. Four cases presented with cerebral hemorrhage,2 with cerebral infarct,1 with cerebral edema and 1 with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Two women died(25%). Conclusions The prognosis of eclampsia patient complicated with encephalopathy can be greatly improved by early diagnosis and proper treatment based on the clinical manifestations and computed tomographic scan.