BACKGROUND:Myocardial infarction leads to ischemic changes in the myocardium, triggering the emergence of ventricular remodeling, which is an important cause of death. Myocardial infarction is a common disease in the middle-aged and elderly population, but autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from these patients exhibit a weak ability of proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, a positive attempt of allogeneic stem cel transplantation is required in order to obtain better therapeutic outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of al ogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from 10 neonatal rats and 10 adult rats were isolated, cultured and identified. Another 40 rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n=10/group):model group, neonatal rat cel transplantation group, adult rat cel transplantation group, or sham group. Animal models of myocardial infarction were made in rats in the al groups except for the sham group in which the rats were given sham operation. Rats in the two cel transplantation groups were given the corresponding cel transplantation. Four weeks postoperatively, heart function of rats was detected in each group, and cardiac tissues were taken to detect changes in col agen formation and blood vessel density in the infarct area. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four weeks after surgery, rats in the model group showed significant changes in cardiac function indexes as compared with the other groups (P<0.05), while compared with the model group, these cardiac function indexes improved in both two cel transplantation groups, but there was no significant difference between the two cell transplantation groups (P>0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the model group, significantly decreased collagen formation and increased blood vessel density were found in both two cell transplantation groups (P<0.05). Additionally, the vascular density of the infarct area was highest in the sham group (P<0.05). Experimental results show that both neonatal and adult rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can improve cardiac function of rats, reduce the formation of collagen in the infarct area and delay ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.

Objective We tried to explore nursing postgraduates' expectations of clinical practice,and build a set of practicable clinical practice program which contributed to cultivate comprehensive ability of nursing postgraduate.Methods Using judgment sampling and snowball sampling,the questionnaire survey was conducted among 111 nursing postgraduates,and expectations of clinical practice of postgraduates with dif-ferent ages and different work experiences were compared.Results Most nursing postgraduates hold that the clinical practice was necessary.Nursing postgraduates with different ages and work experiences had different expectations of chnical practice,and the differences were statistically significant,x2 value was 11.594 and 4.416,P ＜ 0.05.Nursing postgraduate with different working experience showed statistical difference in clinical expectation of total practice time,x2=1 1.290,P ＜ 0.05.Conclusions Nursing post-graduates with different ages and work experiences have different expectations of clinical practice.Colleges should build a set of reasonable clinical practice program,based on training objectives,research direction,practice expectations of nursing postgraduates.

AIM:To investigate pharmacokinetics of cinnamon acid and paeonol in Jinkui Shenqi Pill(Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata,Cortex Cinnamomi,Radix Aconiti Lateralis praeparata,Rhizoma Alismatis,etc.)in rabbit.METHODS:RP-HPLC was used to examine blood concentration of cinnamon acid and paeonol in rabbit which was administred Jinkui Shenqi Pill.Chromatographic condition consisted of Symmetry C_ 18(5?m,3.9 mm ?150 mm)chromato graphic column,mobile phase(methanol-1%glacial acetic acid water-solution(45∶55)),flow rate(0.8 mL/min),column temperature(35 ℃),detection wavelength of cinnamon acid(285 nm),detection wave length of paeonol(274 nm).The serum pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with 3p87 program.RESULTS:Linear range of cinnamon acid ranged from 0.06 ?g/mL to 15 ?g/mL(r=0.999 7),the lowest detectability was 0.054 ?g/mL.Pharmacokinetic process of paeonol in rabbit could be fitted to two-compartment model;Linear range of paeonol ranged from 0.2 ?g/mL to 10 ?g/mL(r=0.999 9),the lowest detectability was 0.02 ?g/mL.Pharmacokinetic process of cinnamon acid in rabbit could be fitted to one-compartment model.CONCLUSION:HPLC detection of serum concentration of cinnamon acid and paeonol is simple,rapid,highly accurate and sensitive.Pharmacokinetic parameters can reveal pharmacokinetics of cinnamon acid and paeonol of Jinkui Shenqi Pill in rabbit.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the economics of azithromycin vs. amocillin clavulante in the treatment of lower respirato-ry tract infections. METHODS:System evaluation was adopted to retrieve the randomized controlled trials(RCT)about azithromy-cin(test group)vs. amoxicillin clavulanate(control group)in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. Information was col-lected and Meta-analyses were performed. On this basis and short-term decision tree model,cost factors were added to conduct the pharmacoeconomics by the principle of PICO of Treeage Pro 2011 edition software. RESULTS:Totally 18 RCT were enrolled,in-volving 3 365 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the effective rate [RR=0.93, 95%CI(0.55,1.55),P=0.77] and incidence of adverse reactions [RR=0.79,95%CI(0.62,1.0),P=0.05] between 2 groups. The av-erage treatment cost in test group and control group was respectively 790.4 yuan and 884.4 yuan,and cost-effectiveness ratio was respectively 216.0 and 245.7,and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER)was -1 392.59. CONCLUSIONS:Azithromycin has similar efficacy and safety to amoxicillin clavulanate in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection,however,azithromy-cin has better cost-effectiveness.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,management and pregnancy outcome in patients with ovarian tumor and ovarian tumor like condition complicated with pregnancy.Methods The clinical data of 248 patients with ovarian tumor and ovarian tumor like condition eomplicated with pregnancy who treated,operated and pathology conducted from January 2003 to December 2009 was analyzed retrospectively.Results Among of 248 patients,8 patients were found by pelrioscopy,184 patients were found by sonography.The rate of ovarian tumor and ovarian tumor like condition during pregnancy was 0.49％ (248/50 652),about 52.82％(131/248)were diagnosed as benign tumor,most of them were ovarian mature teratoma(22.18％,55/248).About 45.56％(113/248)were diagnosed as ovarian tumor like condition,most of them were ovarian chocolatecyst(23.79％,59/248).Four patients(1.61％,4/248)were ovarian malignant tumor.Two hundred and sixteen received operation,term birth was in 164 patients,premature birth was in 19 patients,miscarriage was in 33 patients.Conclusions Pelvioscopy and sonogaraphy are principally important in the diagnosis and detection of ovarian tumor during pregnancy.Pregnancy complicated with ovarian tumor or ovarian tumor like condition should be treated by tumor resection.Suitable surgery intervention during second trimester is safe.

Objective:To observe the changes of glyeemia, urine protein, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic nephropathy rats and treating effects of Xiaokekang. Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ) was abdominally administered and was feeded by high lipid diet to establish diabetic nephropathy model in rats. Animals were divided into three groups: model group, Xiaokekang treatment group and normal group. Changes in glycemia, serum lipids, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen were measured at the 8th, 12th and 16th week after STZ injection. Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured at the 16th weeks after STZ injection. Results: Glycemia, serum lipids, serum creatinine were higher at the 8th, 12th and 16th week compared with normal group. Serum creatinine was higher at the 12th and 16th week, and glycosylated hemoglobin was also highter than that of the normal group. Xiaokekang reduced these changes. Conclusion: Xiaokekang can reduce glycemia, serum lipids and protect renal function.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sequence Deletion ; Smoking ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the preliminary curative effect of interspinous injections for the diagnosis and treatment of back pain caused by lumbar kissing spine (Baastrup's disease) under fluoroscopically guiding.

METHODSFrom November 2011 to March 2013,17 patients with back pain caused by Baastrup's disease were treated with fluoroscopically-guided interspinous injections, including 7 males and 10 females with an average age of 49.6 years old ranging from 40 to 71 years old; the duration of the disease ranged from 2 to 5 years with a mean of 3.7 years. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and the lumbar segments range of motion (ROM) was analyzed at pre-operation, 2 days, 3 months and final followed-up after operation, the effects were evaluated with modified Macnab standard.

RESULTSAll patients were follow-up from 6 to 10 months with an average of 7.6 months. The pre-operative VAS was 6.41 +/- 0.94, the postoperative VAS at different time points improved significantly comparing with pre-operation,and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in VAS at different time points after operation (P > 0.05). The ROM of operated segment and adjacent segment was (4.88 +/- 0.86) degrees and (6.82 +/- 0.73) degrees respectively at pre-operation. The postoperative operated segment ROM at different time points improved significantly comparing with pre-operation, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with pre-operation, there was no significant difference in adjacent segment ROM at different time points after operation (P > 0.05). According to modified Macnab, the result was excellent in 6 cases, good in 7 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONFluoroscopically-guided interspinous injections is an effective method for the diagnosis and treatment of Baastrup's disease. The method has advantages of simple operation, minimal invasion and safety, satisfactory short-term and medium-term therapeutic effect; it can also effectively lessen the pain of lumbar and back.

Adult ; Aged ; Anesthetics, Local ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; drug effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Block ; Spinal Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUNDWith economic growth and urbanization there have been significant changes in the life style and diet of urban residents in large cities of China, which is experiencing a rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes. While high prevalence of diabetes has been reported, little is known of the long-term effects of diabetes in such a large population. The aim of this study was to estimate the morbidity rate of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in a Chinese urban diabetic population with more than 10 years' disease duration, and evaluate the relevant risk factors. The clinical manifestation of DPN and pain status was also assessed.

METHODSFive hundred and sixty-five diabetes patients were recruited into the study. Symptoms and examination helped diagnose neuropathy. The clinical manifestation of DPN was assessed with a visual analog pain score (VAS). Diabetic complication status was determined from medical records. Serum lipids and lipoproteins, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and the urinary albumin excretion rate were measured.

RESULTSThe morbidity rate of DPN was 46.6%. HbA1c, hyperlipidemia, and retinopathy were significantly associated with neuropathy, and these risk factors were correlated with other diabetic micro and/or macrovascular complications. The average VAS pain score of the DPN patients was 4.12 ± 2.07. Severe and moderate pain was experienced by 11.4% and 40.5% respectively of DPN patients. About 3.7% of diabetic subjects had lower limb ulcer or amputation.

CONCLUSIONSThe morbidity rate of DPN for diabetic patients with > 10 years duration is very high compared to the range reported for other populations in the world. The risk factors for DPN include HbA1c, hyperlipidemia, and retinopathy. In long-standing diabetic patients, DPN was not associated with diabetic duration, and half of the DPN patients experienced considerable daily suffering.

Aged ; China ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; etiology ; Risk Factors ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of chemotherapy with drugs selected according to drug sensitivity test and drug- resistance gene assessment in mice bearing tumors derived from high-passage gastric cancer cells.

METHODSChemosensitivity of the mouse gastric cancer cells to 6 chemotherapeutic drugs was investigated using MTT assay before the 6 drugs were applied in mice with implanted tumors. The implanted tumor volume and tumor inhibition rate were observed, and the expression of the multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1) gene was detected.

RESULTS5-FU, the most sensitive among the 6 drugs, resulted in significantly higher tumor inhibition rates in comparison with the control group, but did not significant affect MDR1 expression. Adriamycin (ADM) had the lowest sensitivity with low tumor inhibition rates and no significant effect on MDR1 expression. Cisplatin (DDP) was identified as the most sensitive drug for mouse gastric cancer with previous 5-FU exposure, and Mitomycin (MMC) was the most insensitive drug for mouse gastric cancer with previous ADM treatment. In mice bearing tumors of the second-passage cells, DDP showed high tumor inhibition rate but scarcely affected MDR1 expression; MMC resulted in low tumor inhibition rate and high MDR1 expression. Application of 5-FU and ADM in these tumor-bearing mice of the second-passage cancer cells resulted in rather low tumor inhibition rates without significant alterations in MDR1 expression as compared with the control group.

CONCLUSIONAppropriate individualized chemotherapy should be implemented in full consideration of the results of drug sensitivity test and drug-resistance gene assessment.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; biosynthesis ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Carboplatin ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Mitomycin ; pharmacology ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects