Animals ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Pneumonia ; genetics ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; genetics

OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristic of multidrug resistant organisms(MDROs) in hospital or community-acquired infection,so that it can approach effective infection management.METHODS Patients infected by Staphylococcus,Enterococcus,Escherichia coli,Klpneumoniae and A.baumanni were investigated in a Hospital from June 2008 to May 2009.RESULTS Among total 929 strains of bacilli from patients,367 were MDROs infection,the detection rate of MDROs,CA-MDROs or HA-MDROs was 39.5%,35.6% and 51.4% respectioety infection;The detection rate of MDROs from HAI patients was significantly higher than that from CAI patients(?2=19.2 P=0.00).There were differences between HA-MDROs and CA-MDROs in different departments.MRSA,ESBLs-kp And PDR-AB were isolated mostly from sputum of patients,and ESBLs E.coli mostly from urine of CAI patients.CONCLUSIONS It is important to analyze the characteristic of HA-MDROs or CA-MDROs in the treatment of infection or use of antibiotics from experience.MDROs control is full of difficulties as a result of high CA-MDROs rates.

Objective To explore the impact of broad antigen HLA-Bw4 on disease progression in HIV-1 infected subjects. Methods Three hundred and forty subjects chronically infected with HIV-1 and 69 HIV-1 negative subjects were recruited and HLA-B alleles were typed with sequence-based high resolution typing assay. HLA-Bw genotypes of these HIV-1 infected subjects were determined and their association with CD4+ T cell counts and viral loads were analyzed. Results Sixty-five HLA-B alleles were detected in HIV-1 positive subjects. Subjects with Bw4 (Bw4 homozygotes and Bw4Bw6 heterozygotes ) had higher CD4+ T cell counts ( P = 0. 004 ) and lower plasma viral load ( P = 0.003 ) than subjects without Bw4 ( Bw6 homozygotes). When compared with HIV-1 postive subjects with CD4+ T cell counts above 500 celis/μl, those with CD4+ T cell counts below 500 cells/μl were observed with decreased percentage of Bw4Bw6 heterozygote ( P =0.0002) and increased percentage of Bw6 homozygotes ( P < 0. 0001 ). There is no significant difference in CD4+ T cell counts between Bw4 homozygotes and Bw4Bw6 heterozygote, but lower viral loads were observed in Bw4Bw6 heterozygotes( P = 0. 037 ). Conclusion HLA-Bw4 can confer pretective effects on H1V-1 infected subjects by maintaining higher CD4+ T cell counts and lower viral load, the mechanism behind this effect need further exploration.

Objective To explore the clinical features and diagnostic method of primary natural killer( NK)/T cell meningeal lymphoma. Methods An unusual case of a 19-year-old male with primary NK/T cell meningeal lymphoma was reported. His clinical presentation and laboratory findings were discussed. The related literatures have been reviewed. Results The patient presented with diplopia,headache, vomiting and facial drooping at the onset, followed by progressive pain and weakness of the four limbs. Cerebrospinal fluid showed significant increase in pressure, leukocytes number, levels of protein,normal glucose and adenosine deaminase, negative tuberculosis antibody and sterile staining. In cerebrospinal fluid cytological analysis, May-Grunwald-Gimsa staining showed large number of atypical lymphocytes with irregular nucleus and nuclear fission, Ki-67 immunostaining showed extensive proliferative activity of the lymphoid cells. Flow cytometric immunophenotypic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid indicated 97. 98 percent of cells expressed surface CD3, CD7, CD56, CD2, CD5, and partially expressed CD8. This was a rare immunophenotype for NK/T-cell. Cranial MRI with gadolinium showed thickening of the trigeminal nerve with slight enhancement and diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement. CT of the chest and abdomen and bone marrow biopsies were negative. He was diagnosed as primary NK/T cell meningeal lymphoma based on the clinical features and related examination. Conclusions Primary NK/T cell meningeal lymphoma is a rare type of primary central nervous lymphomas which has special immunophenotype. The clinical features include progressive raised intra-cranial pressure, multiple cranial and spinal nerve involvements. Cerebrospinal fluid cytological analysis and flow cytometric immunophenotypic analysis are key work-up for diagnosis. It has poor response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Biometry ; Clinical Protocols ; Cryoultramicrotomy ; methods ; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures ; Frozen Sections ; utilization ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; methods

Antigens, Surface ; blood ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Racemases and Epimerases ; analysis

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of the Valpar system combined with computer-aided technology in treating early vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).Methods Forty patients in the early stage of VCI were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,each of 20.Regular and computer-aided cognition training were applied in both groups,while training using the Valpar system was additionally used in the treatment group.Patients in both groups were assessed using the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) and the modified Barthel Index (MBI) before,and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment.Results Before the treatment,there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in LOTCA and MBI scores (P＞0.05).After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment,the average total LOTCA score in the observation group was significantly better than before the treatment,as were the average scores on the various dimensions,and the average MBI score (P＜0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment the control group showed significant improvement in the patients' orientation (3.50±0.89),visual perception (13.50± 1.43),spatial perception (2.40±0.50),visuomotor construction (24.00± 1.17) and attention (2.30±0.87).However,after both 4 and 8 weeks of treatment,all the measurements of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group at the same time point (P＜0.05).Conclusion The Valpar system can significantly improve the recovery of cognitive function and ability in the activities of daily living of patients in the early stage of VCI.It is worth applying in clinical practice.

Objective To explore the reason of misdiagnosis and discuss the reoperation in thyroid carcinoma.Methods The data of 77 patients that had reoperation because of misdiagnosis were analyzed.Results The daignosis of all 77 cases were only based on pre-operative physical and uhrasound examination.The post-reoperative follow up (3～41 monthes):no case was found local recurrence.Conclusions The preoperative frozen section may avoid misdaignosis and the effect of reoperation for misdaignosed cases are satisfactory.

To investigate the upregulated genes associated with cold acclimation, a cold acclimation model was established based on Balb/C mouse. mRNA of muscle and liver were isolated, and the upregulated genes of these tissues were studied by representational differential analysis (RDA). The upregulated genes then were sequenced and searched by Blast software in GenBank database. The results showed that some genes were upregulated and possibly associated with cold acclimation. Three of these genes, transferrin, fibrinogen B-beta-chains and a new gene fragment (Genbank ID: AF454762), were confirmed to be upregulated by RNA slot-blot analysis. The finding of these genes might contribute to further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cold acclimation.
Acclimatization ; genetics ; Animals ; Cold Temperature ; Gene Expression ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Transcriptome ; Up-Regulation

Objective The purpose of this study was to establish and evaluate a mouse model of sepsis for studying the mechanism of sepsis and development of anti-inflammatory drugs.Methods The sepsis in mice was induced by cecal ligation and puncture ( CLP) .The survival rates, microbial load, liver and kidney damages, cytokines and pathological changes were detected to evaluate the mouse models.Results The death of mice was closely related with the ligated sites. The mice with 50%cecal ligation displayed about 40% of 12-day survival rate, however, all the mice with 75% cecum ligation died within 4 days (P<0.01).Compared with the sham surgery group, the mice with 50% cecal ligation had a high microbial load in the blood and abdominal cavity.Leukopenia was also emerged (P<0.001).CLP mice demonstra-ted elevated levels of serum ALT, AST and BUN (P<0.01).The levels of IL1α, IL6, IL10, MIP1α, MIP1β, and TNFαwere increased a lot.The liver and lung showed obvious pathological injury at 48 h post CLP.Conclusions The established mouse model of CLP shows typical characteristics of sepsis and is an ideal tool for further study of anti-inflam-matory drugs.