Adipocytes ; cytology ; Cell Line ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; drug effects ; Humans ; Melatonin ; pharmacology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban or enoxaparin in preventing deep vein thrombosis(DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) after major orthopedic surgery. Methods A total of 278 patients underwent major orthopedic surgery, from September 2009 to May 2012, were included in this study. One hundred and forty patients (the average age was 72.7 years, 42.8% were male) were treated with oral rivaroxaban, 10 mg/d. One hundred and thirty-eight patients (the average age was 69.9 years, 39.1%were male) were treated with subcutaneous enoxaparin,40 mg/d. Data were compared between two groups. The ending events included venous thrombosis VTE(DVT and PE), wound complica-tions, re-admission,need for blood transfusion,big and minor bleeding events and death. Results There were no signifi-cant differences in the incidence of VTE, blood transfusions and re- admission rates between two groups. The incidence rates of minor bleeding were 2.1%and 5.8%in two groups. There were no pulmonary embolism, severe bleeding or death in two groups of patients.Conclusion There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of VTE or major bleeding areas in patients with oral treatment of rivaroxaban and enoxaparin.Rivaroxaban was safer with a slightly decrease in minor bleeding and wound complications.

Objective To study the relationship between smoking and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) in Chinese people.Methods The Pubmed database and three Chinese databases such as Wanfang Data,Veipu data(VIP) and China national knowledge infrastructure database (CNKI) were retrieved.The literatures on the relationship between smoking and pulmonary TB incidence in Chinese people published before April 2016 were analyzed.Results Fifteen studies were included,after excluding 1 low quality study,the rest had no statistical heterogeneity.The merged odd ratio (OR) was 1.71,95 ％ confidence interval (CI) 1.51-1.90.Two studies observed the relationship between the amount of cigarettes and TB pathogenesis,but there was heterogeneity and could not be further merged the OR value for conducting analysis.No subgroup analysis of gender was performed in all studies.Conclusion The risk suffering from pulmonary TB in Chinese smokers is 1.71 fold of non-smokers,and smoking increases the risk of pulmonary TB onset.

Objective To investigate the mechanism underlying the protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in secondary spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Models of acute SCI were established in 96 SpragueDawley rats using Allen's dropping weight technique. The rats were then divided into a HBO group, a high pressure nitrogen normal oxygen group, a normal pressure oxygen group and a normal pressure air group. The injured spinal cords were sampled for morphological studies at the 1 st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day after injury. Apoptotic cells were labeled using the TUNEL technique, and the expression of caspase-3 was detected. The neurological functionality of the spinal cord was assessed by open field locomotor evaluation ( the BBB score). Results The expression of caspase3 in the HBO group decreased significantly more than in the other groups after injury. The number of TUNEL-positive cells was significantly lower in the HBO group as well. Neurological function improved significantly after HBO therapy. Conclusions HBO can down-regulate the expression of caspase-3 and inhibit cell apoptosis in rats after SCI.The protective effect of HBO was related with the oxygen level.

OBJECTIVETo explore the possible pain mechanism of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).

METHODSThe models of CP/CPPS were established in male Wistar rats by the autoimmune method. The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was detected using Von Frey filament. The expressions of the substance P and c-fos in the prostate and spinal L5-S2 segments were determined by immunohistochemistry followed by analysis of their correlation with CP/CPPS.

RESULTSCompared with the control rats, the CP/CPPS models showed significantly decreased PWT (P < 0.05), remarkable prostatic inflammation, enlarged scope of lesions, and obvious interstitial lymphocytic infiltration (P < 0.05). Both the expressions of substance P and c-fos were markedly elevated in the prostate and spinal dorsal horn (L5-S2) of the rat models (P < 0.05), but the expression of substance P in the prostate exhibited no correlation with that in the spinal cord (r = 0.099, P = 0.338), nor did that of c-fos (r = 0.027, P = 0.454).

CONCLUSIONThe upregulated expressions of substance P and c-fos in the spinal cord L5-S2 sections may be associated with the pain mechanism of CP/CPPS.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Pelvic Pain ; etiology ; metabolism ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatitis ; complications ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Substance P ; metabolism ; Syndrome ; Up-Regulation

Objective To explore the changes in angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)produced by Langerhan islets of Syrian hamsters after blockage of renin-angiotensin system(RAS)by different inhibitors.Methods Islet cells from Syrian golden hamster were isolated and purified,and angiotensin Ⅰ was added.The experiment was then divided into six groups:control group(PBS was added),captopril group,chymostatin group,aprotinin group,?-antitrypsin group,and captopril+chymostatin group(according to inhibitors added).The content of AngⅡ in supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Compared with control group,the AngⅡ content decreased by 42.50% and 50.94% in captopril group and chymostatin group,respectively(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of continuous adenosine infusion on mesentery microcirculation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats with asphyxia. Methods Rat model of asphyxia was established in 22 healthy Wistar rats. The animals were then randomly divided into normal saline group (group A, n=10), epinephrine group (group B, n=6) and epinephrine plus adenosine group (group C, n=6). After a 3-min asphyxia without intervention, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was started. The cardiac compression was carried out with an electric cardio-pulmonary resuscitation machine (200 times/min). Respiration was restored and maintained with a ventilator with tidal volume of 4ml, breathing rate 50times/min and FiO2 100%. After a 4-min CPR, rats in group A and group B were given normal saline and epinephrine (bolus of 90?g/kg) respectively, and in group C epinephrine (bolus of 90?g/kg) plus 70?g/kg adenosine were given. Electric defibrillation would be initiated if there was ventricular fibrillation. The reperfusion rate of mesentery arterioles and venules, diameter of blood vessels and relative blood velocity were observed. Results The reperfusion rate of mesentery arterioles and venules was significantly higher in group C than in group B (P

0.05).The eggs per gram feces and liver, eggs in uterus per female, and egg granulomas on the liver surface were(56.68?24.78),(5 826?437),(49.94?12.53) and(10.04?1.13)/0.25 cm2, respectively in immunized group, while in control group these were(89.93?32.18),(10 016?3 541),(76.54? 19.77) and(19.22?2.45)/0.25 cm2 respectively, all with significant difference(P

Objective To investigate the relative factors of insulin resistance(IR)during elective abdominal surgery and the mechanism of IR induced by surgery.Methods Fourteen patients underging elective abdominal surgery were studied.Fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting plasma insulin(FPI),plasma TNF-α,IL-6 and CRP were tested for elective surgery patients on the day before,during operation and on one day after surgery.Insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)and the index of insulin secretion(HOMA-β)were ealculated with homeostasis model assessment(HOMA).Insulin receptor and GLUT4 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle were assessed before operation and at the end of operation by use of RT-PCR.Results Significant differences were found in fasting blood glucose (5.95±1.08)mmol/L vs(8.92±2.41)mmol/L,fasting plasma insulin(19.95±3.33)mU/L vs(25.44±5.36)mU/L,IL-6(33.98±5.01)ng/L vs(45.29±7.81)ng/L and plasma TNF-α(86.70±9.27)ng/L vs(114.46±15.33)ng/L during and after operation(P＜0.01).A significant elevation of HOMA-IR levels was found after operation compared with that before operation[(9.59±2.89)vs(4.111.86)](P＜0.001).However there wag no significant difference in HOMA-β among three points(groups)of time(P=0.103).The result of RT-PCR showed that the expression of GLUT4 in muscle of patients at the end of operation reduced significantly compared with preoperation(t=12.488,P＜0.001)but there was no significance in INSR mRNA expression(P=0.165).ISI showed negative correlation with opermive time(r=-0.736、P＜0.001),blooding during operating (r=-0.594、P=0.032)and post-operative TNF-α(r=-0.641、P=0.018).Conclusion Insulin resistance occurs in elective abdominal surgery patients.The defective site is at postreceptor.To shorten the operation time,control the intensity of surgery and reduce the bleeding is helpful for decreasing IR.