Objective: To explore the prescription medication rule of the first batch of Chinese medicine masters in treating acute stage of stroke by using the data mining method. Methods: The experience books and published journal articles of Chinese medicine masters and the shared medical records of national famous TCM studios in the cloud platform V1.5 of ancient and modern medical records were searched; The first batch of national physician master data for the treatment of acute phase of stroke was selected; A standardized basis database, standardization of medicines were established after using statistical analysis of system integration, association rules analysis, methods of complex networks; The formula frequency, medicinal, and core prescription drugs were analyzed. Results: A total of 142 medical cases were eventually included. The frequency results of traditional Chinese medicine showed that 14 kinds of high-frequency traditional Chinese medicine were obtained, including Pheretima, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Persicae Semen, etc., and most of the drugs were warm, smooth, bitter, sweet, and return to liver and lung meristem. The results showed that the frequency of chordal pulse and tongue red was the most. A total of 24 association rules and 18 TCM association rules were obtained by association rule analysis. Conclusion: In the treatment of acute apoplexy, the Chinese medicine master usually adopted the methods of clearing heat and relieving wind, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, eliminating phlegm and resuscitative medicinal, moving qi, and dredging collaterals, and stopping convulsions.

Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/diagnosis* ; Death, Sudden/etiology*

The usage of pesticides can enhance the production of crops,but their overuses may be hazardous to both people health and the environment.Thus,it is of great significance to develop effective methods to detect pesticides.Metal nanoclusters(MNCs)have become increasingly popular in analytical sensing areas because of their miniscule size,high stability,ease of manufacturing and good biocompatibility.They have exhibited great potential in the field of pesticides detection.In this paper,the detection methods of pesticides by using MNCs and their development in detection of organophosphorus pesticides,organic nitrogen pesticides,organochlorine pesticides and other types of pesticides were reviewed.Finally,the development prospects were discussed.

Objective:To discusses effectiveness of CTA in the classification of first plantar metatarsal artery and its application value in thumb reconstruction.Methods:Thirty-six cases who underwent thumb reconstruction with free second toe or hallucis flap between December, 2015 and December, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among these cases, 22 cases were injured by machine stranding, 7 cases by heavy objects, and 7 cases were injured by rolling. Exact first plantar metatarsal arteries of all these cases were evaluated by using CTA preoperatively. And compared with intraoperative findings at the donor sites. Free first or second toe flap for thumb reconstruction were designed preoperatively based on branching pattern of first plantar metatarsal arteries.Results:The origin, course, 3-dimensional (3D) anatomical relationship with surrounding tissues and branching pattern of all these feet first plantar metatarsal arteries of 35 cases (70 feet)were well displayed in CTA images, and 1 case (2 feet) were showed poor vascular continuity and artifacts in CTA (2.78%). According to the branching pattern of first plantar metatarsal arteries, 29 cases (58 feet, 80.56%) were ramifying type, 5 cases (10 feet, 13.88%) were main trunk type, and 1 case (2 feet, 2.78%) were tiny branch type. Preoperative CTA images and intraoperative findings at the donor site of 35 cases were remarkably consistent. According to CTA images, 27 cases underwent thumb reconstruction with hallucis flap, 8 cases underwent thumb reconstruction with second toe, and 1 case of poor vascular continuity and artifacts in CTA underwent thumb reconstruction with hallucis flap eventually. All these cases were followed-up for 6-24 (average 12) months, and all reconstructed thumbs survived. The clinical outcomes of all these reconstructed thumbs were good with satisfactory appearance, sensory recovery, excellent motion. The donor feet of all cases recovered well.Conclusion:High-quality 3D images of first plantar metatarsal arteries could be obtained by CTA, allowing preoperative assessment of blood supply and planning of donor site. Therefore, success rate of reconstructed operation could be improved with low disability rate of donor site.

Objective To examine the distribution and trends of hospitalization rates for coronary heart disease (CHD) from 2007 to 2009 in Beijing.Methods We calculated hospitalization rates for CHD using data from Beijing Hospital Discharge Information System.Information of census registered population in Beijing was obtained from Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics.CHD includes acute myocardial infarction,unstable angina and other forms of CHD. Age-standardized hospitalization rates for CHD per 100 000 population aged 25 years or more were calculated.Results During 2007 - 2009,a total of 248 049 patients aged 25 years or more hospitalized in Beijing with the primary discharge diagnosis of CHD were enrolled,of whom 73.7％ were permanent registered Beijing citizens.The average hospitalization rate for CHD in 2007 -2009 was 651.2/100 000 for the permanent residences in Beijing (741.2/100 000 in men,560.9/100 000 in women).The highest average hospitalization rote (671.9/100 000) was seen in exurban area compared to other areas in Beijing.The average hospitalization rate for acute myocardial infarction,unstable angina,and other CHD was 126.4/100 000,226.4/100 000 and 298.4/100 000,respectively.The hospitalization rate for CHD increased 18.1％ from 2007 to 2009 (from 598.1/100 000 to 706.5/100 000 ).The same trend was seen in women ( 20.2％ ) and men ( 16.6％ ).The hospitalization rates of CHD in the urban,suburban,and exurban areas of Beijing all increased in the three years,and the greatest increase (36.6％ ) was found in exurban area. Hospitalization rates of acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina increased 24.5％ and 55.3％,respectively,in the three years,while hospitalization rates of other CHD decreased 5.7％.Conclusions The hospitalization rate of CHD is higher in men than in women in Beijing.The hospitalization rates for CHD increased from the observation period,especially in those living in exurban area.Awareness of the magnitudes and trends of CHD hospitalization rates is of great importance in evaluating the burden of cardiovascular disease,allocating and utilizing health care resources,and estimating the health insurance for Beijing.

OBJECTIVETo explore the prevalence of vision, mental, audibility, language, psychiatry, extremity, and influence factors in the 0 - 7 year olds.

METHODSA total number of 77,727 0 - 7 year old children living in Shenzhen city were tested with tree phase screening under the Chinese standard of evaluation in disabilities.

RESULTSThe prevalence of all disabilities was 5.59 per thousand (adjusted rate was 8.49 per thousand with a false negative of 3.1 per thousand ). The prevalence of mental disease was the highest (1.88 per thousand, with adjusted rate 3.43 per thousand ), the prevalence of language disability was 1.88 per thousand (including retarded language development, with adjusted rate 3.43 per thousand ). The prevalence rates of psychiatry, extremity and audibility disability were 1.59 per thousand, 1.56 per thousand, 1.11 per thousand respectively with of vision the lowest (0.37 per thousand ). The prevalence of all disabilities, audibility, language and mental was on the increase with age. The difference was statistically significant. Among all different age groups regarding psychiatric disease, the highest fell in the 2 - 4 year olds. The prevalence of extremity was not statistically different among age groups. The suspected agents of disease which occurred before or during pregnancy took up 45.7%.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of six kinds disabilities in Shenzhen was about 10 per thousand lower than that of the samples of the nation in 1989, but two times higher than that of similar studies in Japan. The prevalence rates of language and psychiatric disease were higher than that of the nation in 1989. The causation should be further studied.

Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disabled Children ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Language Disorders ; epidemiology ; Male ; Mental Disorders ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Vision Disorders ; epidemiology

Objective To survey the incidence of acute coronary events and its trend in three years,and explore the distribution of the incidence across Beijing residents aged 25 years and more from 2007 to 2009.Methods The present study incorporated and linked the routinely collected data from the Hospital Discharge Information System and Cause of Death Register System in Beijing,estimated the incidence of acute coronary events,and analyzed the distribution of the incidence across gender,age groups and regions.Acute coronary event was defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction and death from coronary heart disease. Numbers of residents by age,gender and area were obtained from the Beijing Statistics Bureau.Results A total of 68 390 acute coronary events were identified among permanent residents of Beijing aged 25 years and more from 2007 to 2009.The age-standardized incidence was 166.4 per 100 000 people in overall population,with 218.5 in males and 115.2 in females.The age-standardized incidence was 144.3,154.7,and 195.8 per 100 000 people in urban,suburban,and exurban area,respectively.The incidence was the highest in Huairou district (263.8 per 100 000),while was the lowest in Haidian district ( 121.5 per 100 000 ).The age-standardized incidence was 158.4,169.4,and 171.2 per 100 000 in 2007,2008,and 2009,respectively.The age-standardized incidence increased by 8.1％ in 2009 compared to 2007,increase in men ( 11.1％ ) was greater than in women (2.5％ ).The incidence increased significantly with age in each year.The incidence raised by 30.3％ in 2009 compared to 2007 for men aged 35 - 44 years.In 2009,the incidence was 146.7,155.9,and 207.4 per 100 000 people in urban,suburban,and exurban area,respectively.The rates increased by 3.2％ in both urban and suburban areas,and 16.4％ in exurban areas in 2009 compared to 2007.Conclusion The incidence of acute coronary events increased from 2007 to 2009 among the permanent residents of Beijing aged 25 years and over,especially in young men,and people living in the exurban areas.

Objective Characterization of rabies virus phosphoprotein through analyzation of genetic variations about rabies virus phosphoproteins in high-incidence regions in China. Methods The nucleotide sequence of the P gene of Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan provinces positive sample's were sequenced, and the P region's similarity and phylogenetic analyses were completed by using softer wares. Results The similarity of P region's nucleotide sequence is 82.1%-100%, while, the similarity of amino acid sequence is 87.5%-100%. A little variation in phosphoprotein cannot influence its biological functions. Conclusion All rabies viruses isolated from Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan provinces belong to genotype 1 and share same phylogenies and same genome characteristic; Virus distribution presents unique Characterization; Some virus isolates from Hunan province and Thailand may come from the same virus.

In this study, Honghua Injection, Danshen Injection, Shenkang Injection, Shuxuetong Injection, Lulutong Injection, Shenxiong Glucose Injection and Chuanxiong Injection were compared for their clinical efficacy on chronic renal insufficiency by using the method of network Meta-analysis, with Western medicine as the common reference. The randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Hong-hua Injection, Danshen Injection, Shenkang Injection, Shuxuetong Injection, Lulutong Injection, Shenxiong Glucose Injection and Chuanxiong Injection for the treatment of chronic renal insufficiency were obtained by computer-based retrieval. The literature quality was evaluated by using the method in Cochrane Reviewer's Handbook 5.1 after independent screening of the included literature by two reviewers. The RJAGS package and GEMTC package of RevMan 5.3, GEMTC software, R software were used for statistical analysis to compare and sort the different injections in terms of efficacy. A total of 6 197 patients with chronic renal failure were included in 79 RCTs, involving 8 treatment measures. The effective rates of conventional treatment combined with Shenxiong Injection(OR=3.55, 95%CI[1.98, 6.37], P<0.000 1), Honghua Injection(OR=3.77, 95%CI[2.45, 5.81], P<0.000 01), Shuxuetong Injection(OR=6.71, 95%CI[3.30, 13.65], P<0.000 01) and Shenkang Injection(OR=4.14, 95%CI[3.42, 5.03], P<0.000 01) were all better than that in control group, and the effective rate of Honghua Injection combined with conventional treatment(OR=3.89, 95%CI[1.73, 8.74], P=0.001) was better than that in Danshen Injection combined with conventional treatment, all with statistically significant differences. By comprehensive comparison, Shuxuetong Injection, Honghua Injection and Shenkang Injection combined with Western medicine had good clinical effect on the effective rate, serum creatinine reduction and urea nitrogen reduction in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. However, due to the relatively low quality of the included literature, the conclusion has yet to be verified clinically.
Bayes Theorem ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Network Meta-Analysis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy* ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between yogurt intake and mortality risk from prospective cohort studies. METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched for all records related to yogurt intake and mortality risk [all-cause or cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer mortality] before October 1, 2018. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale was used to estimate the quality of all eligible articles. The results of the highest and lowest categories of yogurt intake in each study were collected and the effect size was pooled using a random effects model. The dose-response analysis was calculated using the generalized least squares trend estimation model. RESULTS: Eight eligible cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. There were 235,676 participants in the 8 studies, and the number of deaths was 14,831. Compared with the lowest category, the highest category of yogurt intake was not significantly related with all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR)=0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85, 1.01], CVD mortality (HR=0.92; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.03) and cancer mortality (HR=0.97; 95% CI: 0.83, 1.12). These studies were homogenous, since the homogeneity test showed that I was 28.7%, 15.1% and 11.8%, respectively. However, yogurt intake ⩾200 g/d was significantly associated with a lower all-cause mortality (HR=0.88; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.96) and CVD mortality (HR=0.87; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.99) in the subgroup analysis. The dose-response analysis showed that yogurt intake of 200 g/d was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (P=0.041, HR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.92, 1.00) and CVD mortality (P=0.009, HR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.86, 0.98), and all of which were linear relationship (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS This review provided the evidence regarding yogurt intake can reduce all-cause and CVD mortality. Although some positive findings were identified, more high-quality cohort studies and randomized controlled trials are warranted on a possible protective effect of yoghurt on health.