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ObjectiveTo investigate the dosage of protamine to counteract heparin in patients with different pH values of after - surgery plasma of congenital heart defect.MethodsThe clinical data of 108 patients during March 2011 to April 2011 with congenital heart diseases who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) surgery were reviewed.The volumes of chest tube drainage were analyzed to investigate the dosage of protamine in patients with different pH values in plasma.ResultsThe dosages of protamine and the volumes of chest tube drainage[ ( 136.8 ± 22.8 ) ml] in patients with an acidic environmental plasma were higher than the patients in another group [ ( 112.6 ± 22.7 ) ml ] ( P＜ 0.01 ).In patients with non-acidic environments,the mean ratio of dosage of protamine to heparin was 1.23:1 ; meanwhile in patients with pH＜7.30 or base excess (BE) ＜ -6,the mean ratio was 1.86:1.It suggested the dosage of protamine increased significantly in patients with an acidic environmental plasma.ConclusionsDifferent plasma pH values could change the dosage of protamine after cardiopulmonary bypass,and the acidic environment would increase the dosage of protamine and increase the volume of chest tube drainage after surgery.When pH ＜ 7.30 or BE ＜ - 6 at the end of CPB,to correct acid-base balance first and then calculate the dose of protamine was recommended.

Objective To investigate the curative effects of curcumin(CUR)or dexamethasone (DXM)on ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)of rat lung grafts.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided 4 groups:CUR group(CUR was administered intraperitoneally to both donors and recipients at 3 h prior to operation);DXM group(DXM was administered intraperitoneally at 30 min prior to operation);vehicle group(Animals were injected with the DMSO to both donors and recipients at 3 h prior to operation);sham group(Time-matched control animals underwent the same surgery,except that no graft was implanted).Six animals were sacrificed at different reperfusion periods of 2 h and 24 h,respectively.Oxygenation indexes(PO_2/FiO_2),lung injury scores,wet/dry ratio(W/D)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity in the transplanted lung were measured.Malondialdehyde(MDA), total anti-oxidative capacity(TAOC),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-?and interleukin(IL)-6 in the transplanted lung and serum were determined.Results The levels of LPV PO_2/FiO_2 were significant- ly higher in the CUR and DXM groups than in the vehicle groups both 2 and 24 h after reperfusion,re- spectively(P

Objective:To investigate the application valve of bFGF to improve the viability of subdermal vascular network flap.Methods:Four white healthy pigs were used,each pig had 6 SVNF on back,16cm?4cm,totally 24 flaps were divided randomly into 2 groups:The bFGF groups and the control groups.On postoperative day 6,we observed the appearance of the flaps.The survival area of each flap was measured and the flap was harvested for histological analysis and the density of angiogenesis was also examined.Results:On postoperative day 6,the survival rates of the bFGF group and the control group were (81.2?1.7)% and (66.2?1.8)% respectively,the angiogenesis density of the middle and the distal segment in the bFGF group was (16.7?6.0)/mm2,(29.7?5.5)/mm2,(14.9?6.0)/mm2 respectively,while (16.6?4.0)/mm2,(21.4?5.2)/mm2,(3.5?5.1)/mm2 respectively in the control group.The bFGF group was superior to the control group in the appearance and histological analysis of the flaps.Conclusion:The results suggest that the injection of bFGF locally can promote the survival rate by accelerating the blood circulation of the SVNF’ bottom and edge,shorten the division time of SVNF and broaden the ratio of length and width.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus(GEFS+ ). Methods The data of one family with GEFS+ were retrospectively analyzed by studying clinical manifestations, physical examinations, electroencephalogram(EEG), 24 hours dynamic EEG monitoring, et al. Some of the patients were examined by CT. Results Ⅳ 12, her chief complaints when admitted to hospital were frequent spasm for 3 days. She began to appear febrile seizures (FS) from 8 months after birth, and frequent generalized tonic - clonic FS appeared during that time. There were 36 people in 5 generations of the family including 14 patients (8 males and 6 females) ,aged from 4 years and 5 months to 82 years. FS presented in 8 cases (Ⅱ 2, Ⅲ1, Ⅲ4, Ⅲ6, Ⅳ1, Ⅳ11, Ⅳ17, Ⅴ2),febrile seizures plus(FS +) in 4 cases ( Ⅳ2, Ⅳ12, Ⅳ13, Ⅳ14), ES + and absence seizures in 1 case ( Ⅴ1 ), uncertain type in 1 case (Ⅰ2). The results of EEG indicated that 12 cases were normal and 4 cases with FS+ and 1 case with absence seizures had epileptic discharges. Apart form Ⅳ13, Ⅳ14 who were treated with magnesium valproate, the dosage for the other patients decreased, or medicine terminated or without medicine, and all the patients had no recurrence of seizures. The intelligence, movement development and neurological examinations of the family were all normal. Head CT scan of 3 cases were normal. Conclusions GEFS+ is autosomal dominant inheritance disease with conspicuous genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic heterogeneity. The apprehension of GEFS+ plays an important role in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of epilepsy in childhood.

Objective To analyse the follow-up of one family with generalized epilepsies with febrile seizures plus (GEFS +).Methods We conducted a family with GEFS + by sexs,ages, seizure manifestation,electroencephalogram (EEG),and so on.Results There were 36 people in 5 generations of the family in all,including 14 patients(8 cases were male and 16 cases were female).Their ages were from 4 years and 5 months to 8 years.There were 8 cases febrile seizures (FS),4 cases with FS + and 1 case with FS + and absence seizures in 13 patients except 1 case without adequate knowledge.The Results of ECG indicted that 12 cases were normaland 4 cases with FS + and 1 case with absence seizures had epileptic discharges.Conclusions GEFS + is a common kind of inherited epilepsic syndrome and occur in childhood.So it is greatly important for epileptic children to know GEFS +

The traditional Chinese medicine (Tripterygium wilfordiiHook.f.,TWH) has been clinically used to treat primary and secondary renal diseases and proteinuria for nearly 40 years.However,there is a rare literature about the effect of triptolide (the main active ingredient of TWH) on the expression of oxidative carbonyl protein (OCP) in diabetic nephropathy (DN).This study aimed to provide experimental evidence for triptolide treatment on DN through its effect on the expression of OCP,in order to investigate the effects of triptolide on the expression of OCP in rats with DN.Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group,high-dose triptolide (Th) group,low-dose triptolide (T1) group,DN model group,and positive control (benazepril) group.The DN model was established using streptozotocin.Urinary protein excretion,fasting blood glucose (FBG),superoxide dismutase (SOD) in renal homogenate,malondialdehyde (MDA) in renal homogenate and renal nitrotyrosine by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of OCP by oxyblotimmune blotting were detected.In the DN model group,rat urinary protein excretion and renal MDA were significantly increased,while renal SOD significantly decreased and nitrotyrosine expression was obviously upregulated in the kidney.After triptolide treatment,24-h urinary protein excretion (61.96±19.00 vs.18.32±4.78 mg/day,P＜0.001),renal MDA (8.09±0.79 vs.5.45±0.68 nmol/L,P＜0.001),and nitrotyrosine expression were decreased.Furthermore,renal OCP significantly decreased,while renal SOD (82.50±19.10 vs.124.00±20.52 U/L,P＜0.001) was elevated.This study revealed that triptolide can down-regulate the expression of OCP in the renal cortex of DN rats.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Tanreqing injection, a traditional Chinese herbal preparation for clearing heat and resolving phlegm, in treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) by improving airway inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was designed. Ninety AECOPD patients were randomly divided into Tanreqing group, ambroxol hydrochloride group and control group. The patients in the three groups were all treated with conventional therapy. Furthermore, intravenous drip infusion of 20 ml Tanreqing injection (once daily) and 15 mg ambroxol hydrochloride injection (twice daily) were administered respectively to the patients in the Tanreqing group and ambroxol hydrochloride group. They were all treated for 10 days. Symptom score of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), plasma concentrations of interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-10 and neutrophil elastase (NE) were detected before and after treatment. RESULTS: Cough, sputum amount, expectoration, dyspnea, fever, coated tongue and pulse tracings were improved obviously in Tanreqing group (P<0.05), and the effects of Tanreqing on improving cough, sputum amount and expectoration were better than the conventional therapy (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between Tanreqing group and ambroxol hydrochloride group (P>0.05). Compared with ambroxol hydrochloride group and the control group, the coated tongue was improved obviously in Tanreqing group (P>0.05). After treatment, plasma concentrations of IL-8, IL-10 and NE were decreased in Tanreqing group and ambroxol hydrochloride group (P<0.05), and the levels of IL-8 and IL-10 in the control group were decreased (P<0.05). The change of IL-8 level before and after treatment in Tanreqing group was greater than that in ambroxol hydrochloride group and the control group. The changes of IL-10 and NE levels in ambroxol hydrochloride group were greater than those in Tanreqing group and the control group, while there was no significant difference in the changes of serum levels of IL-8, IL-10 and NE among the three groups (P>0.05). Total response rates in Tanreqing group and ambroxol hydrochloride group were higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in total response rate between Tanreqing group and ambroxol hydrochloride group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in total response rate among the three groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Tanreqing injection can improve TCM signs and symptoms in AECOPD patients, and the mechanism maybe due to the decrease of serum levels of IL-8 and NE and improvement of IL-10 level.

Objective To analyze and evaluate the effects of the tissue engineering bladder reconstruction on the upper urinary tract structure and function.Methods The 8 male beagles were randomly divided into the two groups:sham-operation group (group A,n=4)and the collagen scaffold repair group (group B,n=4).The bladder defect animal model was established in the group B by using the collagen scaffold materials to repair the bladder.The renal function related biochemical indicators were detec-ted and the renal Doppler ultrasonic examination was performed in each group before repair and in 23 weeks after repair.The speci-mens from the two groups were performed the gross morphology observation and the histology examination on postoperative 24 weeks.Results The renal Doppler ultrasound examination showed the normal kidney morphology and normal blood flow signal.In the general observation,no calculi and neoplasm were found in the kidney and ureter of the experimental dogs.The renal function related biochemical indicators had no statistically significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).The histological exami-nation indicated that the organization structure was integrity,the nephrons in each group had no obvious pathological changes.Con-clusion Using the collagen scaffold materials to reconstruct the canine bladder has no adverse influence on the upper urinary tract structure and function,this tissue engineering approach has good feasibility.