Objective:To analyze the ultrasonographic images and clinical characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN), and to investigate the differential performances with Wilm′s tumor (WT).Methods:Twenty-one cases of CMN patients confirmed by pathology from December 2008 to December 2019 in Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University were collected as the CMN group, and in the same criterion, 51 cases of WT patients were taken as WT group. Ultrasonographic images and clinical characteristics were collected retrospectively, and then the tumor size, site, echo and age were compared and analyzed between the two groups. ROC curve was used to evaluate the differential performance.Results:The difference analysis showed that except for echo ( P=0.694), there were statistically significant differences in tumor size, site and age between the two groups (all P<0.05). In prenatal, the incidence of CMN was significantly higher than WT (61.9% vs 3.9%, P<0.001), and the specificity was 96.1%. The median age (interquartile range) of CMN after birth was significantly earlier than WT( Z=-4.044, P<0.001). The area under the ROC was 0.949, the best cutoff was 112.5 days, with a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 93.9%. Conclusions:It is difficult to distinguish CMN and WT by echo, but the diagnosis performance can be improved through combining tumor size with site, especially age.

Objective:To discuss the relationship between the serum level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the presence of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD). Methods:The experimentalgroup was subdivided into the bleeding and the non-bleeding groups which consisted of 64 womenwith IUCD. There were 60 healthy women in the control group. The serum levels of IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in bothgroups. Results :In the experimental group,the serum levels of IL-6 in 3 cases were increased,andthere was a significant difference in comparison with those of the control group (P＜0. 01),butthere were no statistical differences between the bleeding group and the non-bleeding group withIUCD (P＞0． 05). Serum CRP was negative both in the experimental groups and in the controlgroup. Conclusion:The non-bacterial endometrial inflammation induced by IUCD causes the in-crease of serum level of IL-6 in some women. It is suggested that IL-6 may play an important rolein the contraceptive mechanism of IUCD.

〔Abstract〕 The paper introduces the application of association rules in the library .With circulation data of freshmen in different ma-jors, in terms of different majors and grades of the college , it extracts partial records suitable for data mining , analyzes phases of data preparation and data mining by use of association rules , and provides technical support for in -depth conduction of reader services .

Objective To evaluate the application of Herniamesh in repairing adult umbilical hernia.Methods The data of 12 aduh patients with umbilical hernia were treated with Hemiamesh from January 2007 to March 2009 was analyzed retrospectively,included characteristics,methods and effects of Hemiamesh Oval Patch 0812 on the repair of hernia.Results All cases were cured.The average stay in hospital was (5±2)d.No postoperative complication,no recurrence follow-up visited 1 to 25 months.Conclusion Repairing umbilical hernia in adult with Hemiamesh Oval Patch 0812 is a kind of simple,safe,effective operation and the ring of hernia no more than 4cm.

Objective To simulate the process of lag screw insertion on intact pelvises under guidance of conventional fluoroscopes or 2D and Iso-C3D computer-assisted navigations and evaluate the accuracy and practicability of the computer-assisted navigation. Methods Six dried intact adult pelvic specimens were selected and divided into three groups randomly. A total of 54 hollow screws were placed in bilateral pedicles of S1 and S2, anterior column of bilateral acetabulum, anterior column of bilateral acetabulum and pubic symphysis of intact adult dried pelvic specimens of three groups under guidance of conventional fluoroscopy, 2D and Iso-C3Dcomputer assisted navigations, respectively. The accuracy of the screw positions, the average operating time of each screw insertion and the average time of radiation exposure during the insertion of each screw were compared among three groups. Results There were significant differences in the accuracy of the screw positions, the average operating time and the average time of radiation exposure among three groups (P＜0.01). The navigation with Iso-C3D appeared to provide the highest accuracy and the shortest operating time of all guidance techniques. The mean operating time and the average time of radiation exposure of the conventional fluoroscope were the longest among three groups. The average time of radiation exposure of the 2D computer-assisted navigation was the shortest.Conclusions Iso-C3D computer-assisted navigation is the most accurate and expeditious means of all guidance techniques. The time of radiation exposure can be significantly reduced by both 2D and Iso-C3D computer-assisted navigations.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the standard of non-invasive diagnosis of Down′s syndrome between the different PCR machines. METHODS Two kinds of PCR machines were used respectively to amplify the homologous genes-the human liver-like phosphofructokinase gene (PFKL) and the human muscle-like phosphofructokinase gene (PFKM). RESULTS The best annealing temperature of the two PCR machines were 64 ℃ and 60 ℃,and only in this reaction conditions PFKL′s and PFKM′s electrophoresis strips had the same optical density value. CONCLUSIONS This approach has proven that the conditions of amplified the PFKL and PFKM are different between the two kinds of PCR machines.

OBJECTIVETo investigate molding technology of total alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides freeze-dried powders and observe its inhibition effects on liver transplantation tumor in mice.

METHODWith color, clarity, water-soluble and formability as indexes, single factor tests were adopted to screen type and amount of filler, the concentration of total alkaloids in drug liquid, pH in order to determine optimum prescription of total alkaloids from S. alopecuroides freeze-dried powders, the lowest melting point was determined and freeze drying curve was drafted. Mice hepatoma H22 ascites tumor strain was sterile inoculated in right axillary subcutaneous of mice, and antitumor effect of total alkaloids from S. alopecuroides freeze-dried powders on liver transplantation tumor H22 in mice.

RESULTWhen selected 80 g x L(-1) as mannitol as filler, the concentration of total alkaloids in drug liquid was 25 g x L(-1) and pH 6.5-7.5, freeze-dried effect was optimum with fast reconstitute speed. Average inhibition rate of the big (120 mg x kg(-1)) and medium (60 mg x kg(-1)) dose group of total alkaloids from S. alopecuroides freeze-dried powders on liver transplantation tumor H22 in mice were 56.08% and 35.49%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONPreparation technology was reasonable, reproducible and stable, total alkaloids from S. alopecuroides freeze-dried powders had significant antitumor effect and showed a dose-effect relationship.

Alkaloids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Color ; Freeze Drying ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Mice ; Powders ; chemistry ; Sophora ; chemistry ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

Laser techniques are widely applied in medical research and military affairs. The characters of laser make it the best way to evoke pain.Pain induced by laser stimuli is influenced by laser parameters such as wavelength, pulse duration and stimulus area in addition to the properties of skin such as the distance from the brain, type and color of skin. In this review,both laser evoked pain and factors influencing it are discussed.

Objective To investigate the effects of preconditioning and postconditioning with isoflurane on pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid peroxidation in focal cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.Methods Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups:control group,model group,isoflurane preconditioning group and isoflurane postconditioning group,with 8 rats in each group.Rats in control group did not receive any challenge.In rats of model group right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was conducted for 90 minutes.Rats in isoflurane preconditioning group received 2％ isoflurane exposure for 30 minutes 24 hours before MCAO for 90 minutes.Rats in isoflurane postconditioning group were given 60-minute 2％ isoflurane exposure after reperfusion of right MCAO.Twenty-four hours after the procedure,all rats were anesthetized with isoflurane,and blood sample taken from the heart was centrifuged,and the pro-inflammatory cytokines,including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),and lipid peroxidation products such as malonaldehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined.The mRNA and protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2,MMP-9),tight junction protein Calaudin-5 and Occludin were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western Blot.Results Compared with control group,serum levels of IL-1 β (ng/L),TNF-α (ng/L) and MDA (μmol/L) were elevated and activity of SOD (U/L) decreased in rats of model group (IL-1β:76.81 ± 11.14 vs.52.43 ± 8.86,TNF-α:64.93 ± 10.81 vs.33.64 ± 7.94,MDA:8.63 ± 1.42 vs.4.14 ± 0.98,SOD:0.95 ± 0.21 vs.2.36 ± 0.80,all P＜0.05).After isoflurane preconditioning and postconditioning,compared with model group,the levels of IL-1 β,TNF-α and MDA were lowered,while activity of SOD was increased (IL-1 β:54.37 ± 9.06,56.82 ± 8.67 vs.76.81 ± 1 1.14,TNF-α:43.72 ± 6.16,39.49 ± 9.34 vs.64.93 ± 10.81,MDA:5.65 ± 0.83,5.82 ± 0.78 vs.8.63 ± 1.42,SOD:1.64 ± 0.47,1.71 ± 0.52 vs.0.95 ± 0.21,all P＜0.05).Focal cerebral I/R injury could lead to an increased expression of MMP accompanied with a decreased expression of tight junction protein.Compared with model group,after isoflurane preconditioning and postconditioning,it was found that there were decreased mRNA and protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 (MMP-2 mRNA:1.25 ± 0.08,1.32 ± 0.12 vs.2.48 ± 0.26,MMP-2 protein:1.56 ± 0.09,1.50 ± 0.08 vs.2.12 ± 0.11 ; MMP-9 mRNA:1.26 ± 0.13,1.20 ± 0.12 vs.2.74 ± 0.28,MMP-9 protein:1.53 ± 0.04,1.51 ± 0.05 vs.2.23 ± 0.09,all P＜0.05) and increased levels of Calaudin-5 and Occludin (Claudin-5 mRNA:0.40 ± 0.08,0.38 ± 0.06 vs.0.28 ± 0.03,Claudin-5 protein:0.80 ± 0.06,0.81 ± 0.07 vs.0.39 ± 0.02; Occludin mRNA:0.54 ± 0.07,0.50 ± 0.08 vs.0.26 ± 0.06,Occludin protein:0.64 ± 0.06,0.69 ± 0.05 vs.0.49 ± 0.02,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Preconditioning and postconditioning with isoflurane can lower the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the degree of lipid peroxidation,and lower the hydrolytic activity of MMP to the tight junction protein in cerebral tissue,thereby decrease the loss of tight junction protein and alleviate I/R injury.

Objective:To investigate the expression of wild type estrogen receptor(wER)and the ex-on-5 deleted ER(variant ER,vER)in human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)samples,and thereafteranalyze the possibility of HCC treatment by endocrine therapy.Methods:The mRNA expressions of wERand vER were analysed from 28 cases of HCC by RT-PCR.The expression of ER at the protein level wasdetected by immunohistochemistry(IHC).Results:IHC results showed that 39.3% of the HCC speci-mens expressed ER.The mRNA of wER was detected in 89.3%(25/28)of the HCC specimens whilethat of vER was detected in 96.4%(27/28).Twenty four out of 28 HCC cases(85.7%)expressedboth wER and vER.One out of 28 patients(3.5%)expressed only wER whereas 3 patients out of 28(10.7%)expressed vER only.Conclusion:Ninety six percent(27/28)of the HCC patients expressedvER,which suggests that the expression of vER is an important event in the development of HCC.